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Dean Jr., Robert J. 경인여자대학 1994 경인논집 Vol.- No.3
In scholarship on Choson Dynasty genre painting. art historians often put forth the argument that works represent an egalitarian strain emerging in eighteenth century thought. The basis for this supposition is the shift in subject matter from the ideal to scenes from everyday life. However, a close evaluation of the works themselves does not support the argument that this shift is related to a general affirmation of equal political, economic, civil or even social rights for the people. Instead it shows that the eighteenth century genre painter played an integral part in maintaining the ruling class ideology. As such the paintings fully conform to the Confucian view of culture. On the other hand, the paintings do depart from certain Confucian traditions. This is a direct result of new ideas which emerged within the different factions of Confucian yangban society, primarily those of the Sirhak Movement which in turn was made possible by new interpretation of the Investigation of Things(格物). In addition the paintings represent a new consciousness of and pride in Korean culture. Therefore, eighteenth century genre painting should not be seen as a protest against Confucian yangban culture, but rather as an aspect of the debate raging within yangban circles.
Adnan, Ashfaq,Lam, Robert,Chen, Hanning,Lee, Jessica,Schaffer, Daniel J.,Barnard, Amanda S.,Schatz, George C.,Ho, Dean,Liu, Wing Kam American Chemical Society 2011 Molecular pharmaceutics Vol.8 No.2
<P>In this work, we have combined constant-pH molecular dynamics simulations and experiments to provide a quantitative analysis of pH dependent interactions between doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) cancer therapeutic and faceted nanodiamond (ND) nanoparticle carriers. Our study suggests that when a mixture of faceted ND and DOX is dissolved in a solvent, the pH of this solvent plays a controlling role in the adsorption of DOX molecules on the ND. We find that the binding of DOX molecules on ND occurs only at high pH and requires at least ∼10% of ND surface area to be fully titrated for binding to occur. As such, this study reveals important mechanistic insight underlying an ND-based pH-controlled therapeutic platform.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2011/mpohbp.2011.8.issue-2/mp1002398/production/images/medium/mp-2010-002398_0008.gif'></P>
Katherine E. Pierce,Peter G. Passias,Avery E. Brown,Cole A. Bortz,Haddy Alas,Lara Passfall,Oscar Krol,Nicholas Kummer,Renaud Lafage,Dean Chou,Douglas C. Burton,Breton Line,Eric Klineberg,Robert Hart,J 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3
Objective: To prioritize the cervical parameter targets for alignment. Methods: Included: cervical deformity (CD) patients (C2–7 Cobb angle>10°, cervical lordosis>10°, cervical sagittal vertical axis [cSVA]>4 cm, or chin-brow vertical angle>25°) with full baseline (BL) and 1-year (1Y) radiographic parameters and Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores; patients with cervical [C] or cervicothoracic [CT] Primary Driver Ames type. Patients with BL Ames classified as low CD for both parameters of cSVA (<4 cm) and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis (TS–CL) (<15°) were excluded. Patients assessed: meeting minimum clinically important differences (MCID) for NDI (<-15 ΔNDI). Ratios of correction were found for regional parameters categorized by primary Ames driver (C or CT). Decision tree analysis assessed cutoffs for differences associated with meeting NDI MCID at 1Y. Results: Seventy-seven CD patients (mean age, 62.1 years; 64% female; body mass index, 28.8 kg/m2). Forty-one point six percent of patients met MCID for NDI. A backwards linear regression model including radiographic differences as predictors from BL to 1Y for meeting MCID for NDI demonstrated an R2 of 0.820 (p=0.032) included TS–CL, cSVA, McGregor’s slope (MGS), C2 sacral slope, C2–T3 angle, C2–T3 SVA, cervical lordosis. By primary Ames driver, 67.5% of patients were C, and 32.5% CT. Ratios of change in predictors for MCID NDI patients for C and CT were not significant between the 2 groups (p> 0.050). Decision tree analysis determined cutoffs for radiographic change, prioritizing in the following order: ≥42.5° C2–T3 angle, >35.4° cervical lordosis, <-31.76° C2 slope, <-11.57-mm cSVA, <-2.16° MGS, >-30.8-mm C2–T3 SVA, and ≤-33.6° TS–CL. Conclusion: Certain ratios of correction of cervical parameters contribute to improving neck disability. Prioritizing these radiographic alignment parameters may help optimize patient-reported outcomes for patients undergoing CD surgery.