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Long-term effects of maxillary skeletal expander treatment on functional breathing
Andrew Combs,Ney Paredes,Ramon Dominguez-Mompell,Martin Romero-Maroto,Boshi Zhang,Islam Elkenawy,Luca Sfogliano,Layla Fijany,Ozge Colak,Ben Wu,Won Moon 대한치과교정학회 2024 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.54 No.1
Objective: To investigate the long-term effects of maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) treatment on functional breathing. Methods: Objective measures of breathing, the peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), and peak oral inspiratory flow (POIF), and subjective measures of breathing, the visual analog scale (VAS) and nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) survey, were used to investigate the long-term effects of MSE in functional breathing. Seventeen patients, mean age 19.4 ± 3.9 years treated at the UCLA Orthodontics Clinic were assessed on their functional breathing at 3 timepoints: pre-expansion (T0), post-expansion (T1), and post-orthodontic treatment (T2). Results: Immediately after expansion (T1), all the objective functional breathing values were significantly increased in comparison to T0 (P < 0.05). The VAS total, VAS right and VAS left were significantly lower at T1 in comparison to T0 (P < 0.05). At 26.8 ± 3.9 months after MSE expansion (T2), PNIF total, PNIF right, PNIF left, and POIF were significantly higher when compared to T0 (P < 0.05). Also, VAS total, VAS right and VAS left were significantly lower at T2 when compared to T0 (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a positive correlation between PNIF and the magnitude of expansion at anterior nasal spine and zygomaticomaxillary point (ZMA). There was a positive correlation between total VAS and the magnitude of expansion at the ZMA. There were no significant changes for the NOSE subjective breathing measurement at all time comparisons. Conclusions: Overall, MSE treatment produces an increased objective and subjective airway improvement that continues to remain stable in the long-term post expansion.
From Apple to Omega: an analysis of brand placement in 2010 top-earning films
Michael Devlin,Justin Combs 한국마케팅과학회 2015 마케팅과학연구 Vol.25 No.1
This study utilized a content analysis to measure brand placements in the top 25 filmsreleased in 2010 and compared results to a similar population of top-earning filmsreleased in 1991. The content analysis measured the frequency and modality of eachplacement, character interaction, visual placement and visual prominence, andaccounted for the valence of each scene containing a product placement in terms ofpositive or negative hedonic values. Findings revealed there were substantially morebrand placements and more prevalent use of prominent placement and characterinteraction in the 2010 films, compared with those in 1991. The study’s findingsprovide rationale for future studies exploring the effectiveness of product placementsand set a comparable benchmark for future analysis examining product placementtrends.
조인호,송길호,김창식,Azuma Nobuhide A. Combs,박진,서창민,박정현,편영식 대한기계학회 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.11S
The industrial beneficial effects of nano-structured surface modification of tool steel (SKD 61) have been studying. Ultrasonic cold forging technology(UCFT) is one of severe plastic deformations for the improvement of mechanical properties by making nano-structure on surface. The basic mechanism of UCFT and experimental device for treatment of trimmer knives(SKD 61) are presented. Test results of UCFT treated knives in cold steel milling line and analysis why the improved service life is achieved are explained.
Novel flexible reflective color media with electronic inks
Koch, Tim,Yeo, Jong-Souk,Zhou, Zhang-Lin,Liu, Qin,Mabeck, Jeff,Combs, Gregg,Korthuis, Vincent,Hoffman, Randy,Benson, Brad,Henze, Dick The Korean Infomation Display Society 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.1
A novel architecture and proprietary electronic inks were developed to provide disruptive digital-media solutions based on an electrokinetic technology platform. The flexible reflective electronic media (eMedia) was fabricated by imprinting three-dimensional microscale structures with a roll-to-roll manufacturing platform. The HP technologies enable the required attributes for eMedia, such as low power, transparency, print-quality color, continuous levels of gray, and lowcost scalability. Pixelation was also demonstrated by integrating with the prototype oxide thin-film transistor backplane, and the system architecture was further developed by stacking primary-colorant layers for color reflective-display application. The innovations described in this paper are currently being developed further for the eSkins, eSignage, and ePaper applications.
Pyun, Y.S,Jang, Y.D.,Cho, I.H.,Park, J.H.,Combs, A.,Lee, Y.C. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.7
A No Spin Differential (NSD) design has been improved from evaluation of two NSD models utilizing the axiomatic approach. New design parameters of the second level are developed to satisfy the independence axiom. The design matrices are determined to decouple the relationship between design parameters and process parameters. The values of process parameters are then determined to optimize and improve the NSD design. Consequently a unique and evolutionary NSD design is achieved with the aid of the axiomatic approach.
Novel flexible reflective color media with electronic inks
Tim Koch,여종석,Zhang-Lin Zhou,Qin Liu,Jeff Mabeck,Gregg Combs,Vincent Korthuis,Randy Hoffman,Brad Benson,Dick Henze 한국정보디스플레이학회 2011 Journal of information display Vol.12 No.1
A novel architecture and proprietary electronic inks were developed to provide disruptive digital-media solutions based on an electrokinetic technology platform. The flexible reflective electronic media (eMedia) was fabricated by imprinting three-dimensional microscale structures with a roll-to-roll manufacturing platform. The HP technologies enable the required attributes for eMedia, such as low power, transparency, print-quality color, continuous levels of gray, and lowcost scalability. Pixelation was also demonstrated by integrating with the prototype oxide thin-film transistor backplane,and the system architecture was further developed by stacking primary-colorant layers for color reflective-display application. The innovations described in this paper are currently being developed further for the eSkins, eSignage, and ePaper applications.
DESIGN EVALUATION OF NO SPIN DIFFERENTIAL MODELS USING THE AXIOMATIC APPROACH
Pyun, Y.S.,Jang, Y.D.,Cho, I.H.,Park, J.H.,Combs, A.,Lee, Y.C. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2006 International journal of automotive technology Vol.7 No.5
Two No Spin Differential(NSD) models were benchmarked for a project of Dual-Use Technology. The Axiomatic approach is utilized to evaluate the designs of the models. The Independence Axiom is satisfied at the top level of design but not at the second level, which implies the design exhibits coupling and will admit design improvements. The detailed process of design evaluation is described. It is shown that it is possible to develop a unique and evolutionary NSD design by solving the problems that cause coupling within two models.
Frederik Fuchs,Gregor Habl,Michal Deveč,ka,Severin Kampfer,Stephanie E,Combs,Kerstin A,Kessel 대한방사선종양학회 2019 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.37 No.2
Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify volume changes and dose variations of rectum and bladder during radiation therapy in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 20 patients with PC treated with helical tomotherapy. Daily image guidance was performed. We re-contoured the entire bladder and rectum including its contents as well as the organ walls on megavoltage computed tomography once a week. Dose variations were analyzed by means of Dmedian, Dmean, Dmax, V 10 to V 75 , as well as the organs at risk (OAR) volume. Further, we investigated the correlation between volume changes and changes in Dmean of OAR. Results: During treatment, the rectal volume ranged from 62% to 223% of its initial volume, the bladder volume from 22% to 375%. The average Dmean ranged from 87% to 118% for the rectum and 58% to 160% for the bladder. The Pearson correlation coefficients between volume changes and corresponding changes in Dmean were -0.82 for the bladder and 0.52 for the rectum. The comparison of the dose wall histogram (DWH) and the dose volume histogram (DVH) showed that the DVH underestimates the percentage of the rectal and bladder volume exposed to the high dose region. Conclusion: Relevant variations in the volume of OAR and corresponding dose variations can be observed. For the bladder, an increase in the volume generally leads to lower doses; for the rectum, the correlation is weaker. Having demonstrated remarkable differences in the dose distribution of the DWH and the DVH, the use of DWHs should be considered.
In Ho Cho,Gil Ho Song,Chang Sik Kim,Azuma Nohuhide,A. Combs,Jin Park,Chang Min Suh,Jeong Hyun Park,Young Shik Pyoun 대한기계학회 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.11S
The industrial beneficial effects of nano-structured surface modification of tool steel (SKD 61) have been studying. Ultrasonic cold forging technology (UCFT) is one of severe plastic deformations for the improvement of mechanical properties by making nano-structure on surface. The basic mechanism of UCFT and experimental device for treatment of trimmer knives(SKD 61) are presented. Test results of UCFT treated knives in cold steel milling line and analysis why the improved service life is achieved are explained.