An Outbreak Associated with Sapovirus GI.3 in an Elementary School in Gyeonggi-do, Korea

Cho Seung-Rye,Yun Su Jung,Chae Su-Jin,Jung Sunyoung,Kim Jong Hwa,Yong Kum Chan,Cho Eul Ho,Choi Wooyoung,Lee Deog-Yong 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.34

On October 4, 2018, an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with sapovirus occurred among elementary school students in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Epidemiologic studies were conducted in a retrospective cohort approach. Using self-administered questionnaires, we collected information on symptoms and food items consumed. Of the 999 subjects, 17 developed patients that met the case definition. The main symptom was vomiting (100%), and the symptomatic age was 6-12 years. Positive samples were identified by conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for sequencing. They were classified into genotype GI.3 by phylogenetic analysis. This is the first report of an outbreak associated with sapovirus GI.3 in Korea.

Calcium Mobilization Inhibits Lipid Accumulation During the Late Adipogenesis via Suppression of PPARγ and LXRα Signalings

Seung Jin Kim,Ho Jung Choi,Chung Hwan Jung,Sung Soo Park,Seung Rye Cho,Se Jong Oh,Eung Seok Kim 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Calcium plays a role as a signaling molecule in various cellular events. It has been reported that calcium suppresses adipocyte differentiation only in the early phase of adipogenesis. Herein, we demonstrate that treatment of A23187, a mobilizer of intracellular calcium, on day 4 post adipocyte differentiation could still reduce lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3- L1 cells for 48 h. In addition, luciferase reporter gene and RT-Q-PCR assays demonstrate that A23187 can selectively inhibit transcriptional activities and expression of PPARγ and LXRα, suggesting that A23187 may reduce lipid accumulation in the late phase of adipogenesis via downregulation of PPARγ and LXRα expression and transactivation. Moreover, inhibition of HDAC activity by trichostatin A (TSA) partially blocked A23187-mediated downregulation of transcriptional activities of PPARγ and LXRα. Together, our data demonstrate that calcium mobilization inhibits expression and transcriptional activities of PPARγ and LXRα, resulting in reduced lipid accumulation in differentiating adipocytes, and thus, mobilization of intracellular calcium in adipocytes may serve as a new preventive and therapeutic approach for obesity.

경기지역 주부의 전통 장류 구입 실태와 산지 직거래 경험자의 직거래 형태에 대한 요구 분석

조금순(Cho Kum Soon),이승교(Rhie Seung Gyo),원향례(Won Hyang Rye) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2004 한국지역사회생활과학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Calcium Mobilization Inhibits Lipid Accumulation During the Late Adipogenesis via Suppression of PPARγ and LXRα Signalings

Kim, Seung-Jin,Choi, Ho-Jung,Jung, Chung-Hwan,Park, Sung-Soo,Cho, Seung-Rye,Oh, Se-Jong,Kim, Eung-Seok Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Calcium plays a role as a signaling molecule in various cellular events. It has been reported that calcium suppresses adipocyte differentiation only in the early phase of adipogenesis. Herein, we demonstrate that treatment of A23187, a mobilizer of intracellular calcium, on day 4 post adipocyte differentiation could still reduce lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells for 48 h. In addition, luciferase reporter gene and RT-Q-PCR assays demonstrate that A23187 can selectively inhibit transcriptional activities and expression of PPAR$\gamma$ and LXR$\alpha$, suggesting that A23187 may reduce lipid accumulation in the late phase of adipogenesis via downregulation of PPAR$\gamma$ and LXR$\alpha$ expression and transactivation. Moreover, inhibition of HDAC activity by trichostatin A (TSA) partially blocked A23187-mediated downregulation of transcriptional activities of PPAR$\gamma$ and LXR$\alpha$. Together, our data demonstrate that calcium mobilization inhibits expression and transcriptional activities of PPAR$\gamma$ and LXR$\alpha$, resulting in reduced lipid accumulation in differentiating adipocytes, and thus, mobilization of intracellular calcium in adipocytes may serve as a new preventive and therapeutic approach for obesity.

The Sucrose-to-Hexose Ratio is a Significant Determinant for Fruit Maturity and is Modulated by Invertase and Sucrose Re-Synthesis During Fruit Development and Ripening in Asian Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) Cultivars

Bok-Rye Lee,Jeong-Hwa Cho,Seung Gon Wi,Ung Yang,Woo-Jin Jung,Sang-Hyun Lee 한국원예학회 2021 원예과학기술지 Vol.39 No.2

This study investigated the regulatory mechanism controlling fruit maturity, focusing on sugar metabolism during pear fruit development and ripening. Three Asian pear cultivars, ‘Wonhwang’ (early-maturity), ‘Whangkeumbae’ (early-maturity), and ‘Niitaka’ (late-maturity), were selected. Absolute growth rate was the highest at 117 days after full bloom (DAFB) in early-maturing cultivars, ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’, and at 147 DAFB in the late-maturing cultivar, ‘Niitaka’. Hexose (glucose and fructose) content was relatively higher in ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’ than in ‘Niitaka’ during the early stage of fruit development, concomitant with an increase in the activities of cell wall invertase (CWINV), vacuolar invertase (VINV), and neutral invertase (NINV). During the late stage of fruit development, sucrose content and the sucrose-to-hexose ratio were relatively higher in ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whangkeumbae’ than in ‘Niitaka’, accompanied by an increase of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity involved in sucrose re-synthesis. Principal component analysis (PCA) distinctly separated the fruit development into two parts, showing a shift in the early to late stage of fruit development, consistent with the point when the sucrose-to-hexose ratio began to increase. During the late stage of fruit development and ripening, the sucrose-to-hexose ratio was positively correlated with fresh weight, CWINV, and SPS activities and negatively correlated with starch or NINV and VINV activities. These results indicate that the sucrose-to-hexose ratio is an important factor in regulating fruit maturity and is modulated by invertases and SPS activities.

Potential Effects of Temperature Differences on the Soluble Sugar Content in Pear Fruit during the Growing Seasons of 2018 and 2019

Jeong Hwa Cho,Ung Yang,Seung Gon Wi,Bok-Rye Lee,Seungwon Oh,Min-Soo Kim,Sang-Hyun Lee 한국원예학회 2021 원예과학기술지 Vol.39 No.5

The impacts of climate change on crop yields and fruit quality are projected to accelerate with increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels; however, few studies have focused on the impacts of climate change on the accumulation pattern and content of soluble sugars in pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruit. We compared the soluble sugars content and accumulation patterns during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons throughout the developmental stages of pear fruit with climate data collected over the same period. Between the two years, we observed differences in the fructose and sucrose contents at the maturation stage of the pear fruit, resulting from differences in sugar accumulation following 132 days after full bloom (DAFB). Differences were also found in the meteorological data measured over the two years. In particular, the daily average temperatures from late-June to mid-August (73 to 132 DAFB) were all higher in 2018 than in 2019, and differences in the cumulative amounts of both fructose and sucrose were observed since 132 DAFB. Notable differences were confirmed in the comparison of the meteorological variables for each time interval. Among the meteorological variables, those related to temperature showed clear differences between the two years. Correlation coefficient matrices showed that sucrose and fructose accumulation responded differently depending on the meteorological variables over the two years. Furthermore, only accumulated temperature and air temperature were correlated with changes in the sucrose and fructose content in 2018, unlike in 2019. Taken together, our results indicate that temperature differences may have contributed to differences in the fructose and sucrose contents and their accumulation patterns over the two years.

농촌거주 외짝가족의 건강관리 - 부부가족과의 비교

이승교(Rhie Seung Gyo),조영숙(Cho Young Sook),원향례(Won Hyang Rye) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2005 한국지역사회생활과학회지 Vol.16 No.1

잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea) 의 Procymidone 약제 저항성 요인 구명

이규승,조정례 한국환경농학회 1995 한국환경농학회지 Vol.14 No.3

잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea)의 procymidone 약제 저항성 발현 요인을 구명하기 위하여 procymidone 약제 저항성과 감수성 균주를 각각 세균주씩 선발하여 약제 저항성 검정과 아울러 세포구성물질의 함량 및 조성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 공시균주의 약제 저항성 검정 결과 저항성이 감수성균주에 비하여 1,000배 이상의 저항성이 발현된 것으로 확인되었다. 2. Monooxygenase저해제인 piperonyl butoxide와 esterase 저해제인 triphenyl phosphate를 PDA 배지에 처리한 후 균사생육을 조사한 결과 저항성과 감수성균주간에 차이가 없어 저항성은 균체의 내적요인에서 기인된 것으로 판단되었으며, 아울러 procymidone과 혼합 처리시 약효 상승 효과는 확인되지 않았다. 3. 스테롤 조성은 저항성과 감수성 균주 모두 유사하였으며, GC/MS 분석결과 분자량 428의 스테로이드계 화합물이 비슷한 함량으로 존재하였다. 4. 지질함량은 저항성이 감수성균주에 비하여 30% 정도 많았고, 지방산 함량은 저항성균주의 경우 palmitic acid와 stearic acid가 약 2.5배, oleic acid 2.9배, 그리고 linoleic acid가 공시균주의 주된 지방산으로 나타났으며, 2배 정도 많은 함량을 보였다. 5. 조키틴 함량은 감수성균주가 저항성에 비하여 0.11% 많았으나, 이의 가수분해산물인 N-acetyl glucosamine함량은 저항성균주가 감수성에 비하여 반응 24시간에 3배 그리고 48시간에서 2배 많았다. 따라서 잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea)의 procymidone 약제 저항성은 lipid 함량의 증가, fatty acid 함량의 증가 및 조성의 변화 그리고 키틴 전구물질인 GlcNAc 함량과의 복합적인 요인에 의하여 발현되었을 것으로 판단되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the resistance mechanism by three different kinds of procymidone-resistant and susceptible isolates of Botrytis cinerea which had been collected from green houses. The average resistance level of the resistant strains was 1,000 times higher than that of susceptible ones. Also, it was revealed that the resistance was not originated from components excreted by Botrytis cinerea, based on the result obtained from the treatment with piperonyl butoxide and triphenyl phosphate as an inhibitor of monooxygenase and esterase, respectively. The total lipod content of resistant strains was 1.3 times higher than that of susceptible ones, among fatty acids, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic and being 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0 times higher, respectinely. Also slight differences in sterol contents and components were observed. The crude chitin content was slightly higher in susceptible strains but contents of N-acetyl glucosamine, a hydrolysate of chitin, were about 2 times higher in resistant ones.

농약의 약효증진을 위한 첨가제 효과에 관하여 - Diazinon 제를 중심으로 -

조정례,이규승 ( Jeong Rye Cho,Kyu Seung Lee ) 한국환경농학회 1996 한국환경농학회지 Vol.15 No.1

In this paper, we reviewed the degradation factors of diazinon which was known to be easily degraded by soil microorganisms and lost of its activity. Under submerged soil condition, the contribution of microorganisms to diazinon degradation was about 40% and these microorganisms preferred soil humus as substrates to diazinon itself. The effect of monooxygenase activity in submerged soil was more important than esterase activity on diazinon degradation and these enzymes were inhibited by several chemicals such as piperonyl butoxide(PBO), EPN and tricyclazole. From these results, new formulation type of diazinon (PBO and triphenyl phosphate were added to commercial diazinon formulation by 0.1% respectively.) and diazinon mixture formulation (diazinon was mixed with EPN, tricyclazole and carbofuran in equal amount) were prepared. The new formulation type of diazinon showed better insecticidal activity by 12% and more delayed diazinon degradation in ten days than commercial diazinon.

The laboratory test procedure to confirm rotavirus vaccine infection in severe complex immunodeficiency patients

Chae Su-Jin,Cho Seung-Rye,Choi Wooyoung,Han Myung-Guk,Lee Deog-Yong 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.4

The rotavirus vaccine is a live vaccine, and there is a possibility of infection by the virus strain used in the vaccine. We investigated the process of determining whether an infection was caused by the vaccine strain in a severe complex immunodeficiency (SCID) patient with rotavirus infection. The patient was vaccinated with RotaTeq prior to being diagnosed with SCID. The testing process was conducted in the following order: confirming rotavirus infection, determining its genotype, and confirming the vaccine strain. Rotavirus infection was confirmed through enzyme immunoassay and VP6 gene detection. G1 and P[8] were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the genotype, and G3 was further identified using a single primer. By detecting the fingerprint gene (WC3) of RotaTeq, it was confirmed that the detected virus was the vaccine strain. Genotypes G1 and P[8] were identified, and the infection was suspected of having been caused by rotavirus G1P[8]. G1P[8] is the most commonly detected genotype worldwide and is not included in the recombinant strains used in vaccines. Therefore, the infection was confirmed to have been caused by the vaccine strain by analyzing the genetic relationship between VP4 and VP7. Rotavirus infection by the vaccine strain can be identified through genotyping and fingerprint gene detection. However, genetic linkage analysis will also help to identify vaccine strains.