Transient Expression of the GUS Gene in a Unicellular Marine Green Alga, Chlorella sp. MACC/C95, via Electroporation

Wang, Changhai,Wang, Yiyun,Su, Qiao,Gao, Xiaorong Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineerin 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.2

A transient expression system for a unicellular marine green alga, Chlorella sp. MACC/C95, was developed using a reporter GUS gene coded for by plasmid pBI121. The results demonstrated a high transformation efficiency could be achieved by using electroporation to deliver DNA into intact cells and the CaMV35S promoter to drive the foreign gene expression in Chlorella sp. MACC/C95. The use of a carrier DNA coupled with osmosis treatment improved the transformation efficiency, while linearization of the plasmid had minor effects. Investigation of the effects of DNA concentration and growth phases of Chlorella sp. MACC/C95 on transformation efficiency indicated that the highest level of transient expression was observed when $6{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ of plasmid DNA and cells $2{\sim}6$ days old were used.

Effect of Liquid Circulation Velocity and Cell Density on the Growth of Parietochloris incisa in Flat Plate Photobioreactors

Changhai Wang,Yingying Sun,Ronglian Xing,Liqin Sun The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.2

For more accurately describing the durations of the light and the dark phases of micro-algal cells over the whole light-dark cycle, and probing into the relationship between the liquid circulation time or velocity, the aeration rate and cell density, a series of experiments was carried out in 10 cm light-path flat plate photobioreactors. The results indicated that the liquid flow in the flat plate photobioreactor could be described by liquid dynamic equations, and a high biomass output, higher content and productivity of arachidonic acid, $70.10\;gm^{-2}d^{-1},\;9.62\%$ and 510.3 mg/L, respectively, were obtained under the optimal culture conditions.

Transient Expression of the GUS Gene in a Unicellular Marine Green Alga, Chlorella sp. MACC/C95, via Electroporation

Changhai Wang,Yiyun Wang,Qiao Su,Xiaorong Gao 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.2

A transient expression system for a unicellular marine green alga, Chlorella sp. MACC/C95, was developed using a reporter GUS gene coded for by plasmid pBI121. The results demonstrated a high transformation efficiency could be achieved by using electroporation to deliver DNA into intact cells and the CaMV35S promoter to drive the foreign gene expression in Chlorella sp. MACC/C95. The use of a carrier DNA coupled with osmosis treatment improved the transformation efficiency, while linearization of the plasmid had minor effects. Investigation of the effects of DNA concentration and growth phases of Chlorella sp. MACC/C95 on transformation efficiency indicated that the highest level of transient expression was observed when 6 μg mL-1 of plasmid DNA and cells 2~6 days old were used.

Effect of Liquid Circulation Velocity and Cell Density on the Growth of Parietochloris incisa in Flat Plate Photobioreactors

Wang Changhai,Sun Yingying,Xing Ronglian,Sun Liqin 한국생물공학회 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.2

For more accurately describing the durations of the light and the dark phases of microalgal cells over the whole light-dark cycle, and probing into the relationship between the liquid circulation time or velocity, the aeration rate and cell density, a series of experiments was carried out in 10 cm light-path flat plate photobioreactors. The results indicated that the liquid flow in the flat plate photobioreactor could be described by liquid dynamic equations, and a high biomass output, higher content and productivity of arachidonic acid, 70.10 gm-2d-1, 9.62% and 510.3 mg/L, respectively, were obtained under the optimal culture conditions.

A Study on BMPR-IB Genes of Bayanbulak Sheep

Zuo, Beiyao,Qian, Hongguang,Wang, Ziyu,Wang, Xu,Nisa, Noor,Bayier, Aierdin,Ying, Shijia,Hu, Xiaolong,Gong, Changhai,Guo, Zhiqin,Wang, Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.1

The average twin lambing rate of Bayanbulak sheep is 2% to 3%. However, a flock of sheep with a close genetic relationship and an average of 2 to 3 lambs per birth has been found recently. To determine the major genes controlling the prolificacy of the flock in the present study, the flock was designated A while 100 normal Bayanbulak sheep were randomly selected to comprise the control flock B. Ligase detection reaction method was applied to detect and analyze the 10 mutational loci of the 3 candidate prolificacy genes including bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors, bone morphogenetic protein 15, and growth differentiation factor 9. The 10 mutational loci are as follows: FecB locus of the BMPR-IB gene; $FecX^I$, $FecX^B$, $FecX^L$, $FecX^H$, $FecX^G$, and $FecX^R$ of the BMP15 gene; and G1, G8, and FecTT of the GDF9 gene. Two mutations including BMPR-IB/FecB and GDF9/G1 were found in Bayanbulak sheep. Independence test results of the two flocks demonstrate that the FecB locus has a significant effect on the lambing number of Bayanbulak sheep. However, the mutation frequency of the G1 locus in GDF9 is very low. Independence test results demonstrate that the GDF9 locus does not have a significant impact on the lambing performance of Bayanbulak sheep. Among the 10 detected loci, BMPR-IB/FecB is the major gene that influences the high lambing rate of Bayanbulak sheep.

Ore geology, and H, O, S, Pb, Ar isotopic constraints on the genesis of the Lengshuibeigou Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, China

Changming Wang,Xinyu He,Changhai Yan,Wende Lü,Weizhi Sun 한국지질과학협의회 2013 Geosciences Journal Vol.17 No.2

The Lengshuibeigou Pb-Zn-Ag deposit is located in the Qinling superlarge metallogenic belt, China. The Pb-Zn-Ag orebodies are hosted in the Proterozoic Luanchuan Group. The ore types are hydrothermal veins and skarns type. The ore-forming process can be divided into three stages: (1) quartz-pyrite; (2) quartz-sulphide; and (3) quartz-carbonate. This paper used stable and radiogenic isotopes to study the characteristics of the Lengshuibeigou Pb-Zn-Ag deposit. The temperature and salinity of fluids tend to decrease from the early skarn and quartz- pyrite stages to the late quartz-carbonate stage. The ranges of 18OH2O (SMOW) and DH2O (SMOW) values of the ore-forming fluids range from –0.03 to +4.97‰ and from –83.00 to –72.00‰, respectively. The 34SV-CDT values of pyrite, sphalerite and galena from the skarn-type and hydrothermal-type vein ores range from +0.34 to +5.88‰, which is similar to those of porphyry-type Mo-W deposits in the area, but is different from those in the strata. The sulphur in both types of ores may have been derived from magmatic sources. The ranges of 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb ratios in the sulphide ores are 17.457–17.765, 15.423–15.606 and 37.712–39.012, respectively, which are comparable with those of feldspars in porphyry granites in the Nannihu ore field and less radiogenic than those in the host strata. These new data support the likelihood that the fluids and metals associated with Lengshuibeigou Pb-Zn-Ag deposit were carried by the porphyry magmatic system. The 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of 137.9 ± 0.4 Ma age obtained from the Lengshuibeigou Pb-Zn-Ag deposit is likely its mineralization age. This paper is useful not only for interpretation of the genesis of the magmatic-hydrothermal deposits but also significant for mineral exploration in the area especially for finding large deposits in large magmatic districts where various types of base metal deposits might occur.

Constitutive law of grouted concrete block masonry in plain stress state

Liu Lipeng,Wang Zonglin,Zhai Changhai,Zhai Ximei 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.3

The Optimal Growth Conditions for the Biomass Production of Isochrysis galbana and the Effects That Phosphorus, Zn², CO2 , and Light Intensity Have on the Biochemical Composition of Isochrysis galbana and the Activity of Extracellular CA

Sun Yingying,Wang Changhai 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.2

The effects of phosphorus, Zn²+, CO2, and light intensity on growth, biochemical composition, and the activity of extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) in lsochrysis galbana were investigated. A significant change was observed when the concentration of phosphorus in the medium was increased from 5 μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L affecting galbana cell density, biochemical composition, and the activity of extracellular CA. Phosphorous concentration of 50 μmol/L to 500 μmol/L was optimal for this microalgae. The Zn²+ concentration at 10 μmol/L was essential to maintain optimal growth of the cells, but a higher concentration of Zn²+ (≥ 1000 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of l.galbana. High CO2 concentrations (43.75 mL/L) significantly increased the cell densities compared to low CO2 concentrations (0.35 mL/L). However, the activity of extracellular CA decreased significantly with an increasing concentration of CO2. The activity of extracellular CA at a CO2 concentration of 43.75 mL/L was approximately 1/6 of the activity when the CO2 concentration was at 0.35 mL/L CO2. Light intensity from 4.0 mW/cm² to 5.6 mW/cm² was beneficial for the growth, biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA. The lower and higher light intensity was restrictive for growth and changed its biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA. These results indicate that phosphorus, Zn²+, CO2, and light intensity are important factors that impact growth, biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA in l.galbana. The effects of phosphorus, Zn²+, CO2, and light intensity on growth, biochemical composition, and the activity of extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) in lsochrysis galbana were investigated. A significant change was observed when the concentration of phosphorus in the medium was increased from 5 μmol/L to 1000 μmol/L affecting galbana cell density, biochemical composition, and the activity of extracellular CA. Phosphorous concentration of 50 μmol/L to 500 μmol/L was optimal for this microalgae. The Zn²+ concentration at 10 μmol/L was essential to maintain optimal growth of the cells, but a higher concentration of Zn²+ (≥ 1000 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of l.galbana. High CO2 concentrations (43.75 mL/L) significantly increased the cell densities compared to low CO2 concentrations (0.35 mL/L). However, the activity of extracellular CA decreased significantly with an increasing concentration of CO2. The activity of extracellular CA at a CO2 concentration of 43.75 mL/L was approximately 1/6 of the activity when the CO2 concentration was at 0.35 mL/L CO2. Light intensity from 4.0 mW/cm² to 5.6 mW/cm² was beneficial for the growth, biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA. The lower and higher light intensity was restrictive for growth and changed its biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA. These results indicate that phosphorus, Zn²+, CO2, and light intensity are important factors that impact growth, biochemical composition and the activity of extracellular CA in l.galbana.

Trichromatic Dyeing of Polyimide Fiber Using Its Inherent Color as a Yellow Component

Dongyan Shao,Changhai Xu,Jinmei Du,Hongbo Wang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.8

Polyimide (PI) fiber is one kind of high-performance fibers with outstanding thermal stability, mechanicalproperties, and chemical resistance, but it is difficult to be dyed due to its tightly packed macromolecules and lack offunctional groups for dyeing. Especially, the inherent yellow shade of PI fiber limits the color gamut that can be matched bytrichromatic dyeing. In this study, it is proposed to investigate the possibility to dye PI fibers into a black shade with dispersedyes and basic dyes with the assistance of swelling agents. The dyeing experiments showed that, among the proposedswelling agents, N-methyformanilide (MFA) was the preferred candidate for enhancing the dyeing ability of PI fibers. Usingthe inherent yellow color of PI fiber as a yellow component in trichromatic dyeing it could be dyed into a black shade withgood colorfastness to washing, rubbing, and dry-heating. In spite of causing a slight decrease in tensile strength the dyeingwould not impair the thermal stability of PI fibers.

Constitutive law of grouted concrete block masonry in plain stress state

Lipeng, Liu,Zonglin, Wang,Changhai, Zhai,Ximei, Zhai Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.3