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소련의 지방자치 : 집행 및 통제상의 문제 Problem of Implementation and Control
Ross, Cameron 연세대학교 도시문제연구소 1991 地域社會開發論叢 Vol.2 No.-
Cameron Ross, Local Government in the Soviet Union: Problems of Implementation and control, Croom Helm, London & Sydney, 1987.
Cameron I Wells,,Gregory O’Grady,Ian P Bissett 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.1
Post-operative ileus (POI) is an inevitable consequence of major abdominal surgery, and may be prolonged in up to 30% of patients. Ileus is commonly presumed to result from paralysis of the GI tract, though there is little direct evidence to support this view. The aim of this review is to systematically search and critically review the literature investigating post-operative colonic electrical and mechanical activity. MEDLINE and Embase databases were systematically searched for articles investigating post-operative colonic motor or electrical activity in human patients. Nineteen original articles investigating post-operative colonic motor or electrical activity were identified. Most studies have used low-resolution techniques, with intermittent recordings of colonic motility. Numerous studies have shown that colonic electrical and motor activity does not cease routinely following surgery, but is of abnormal character for 3–6 days following laparotomy. One recent high-resolution manometry study identified hyperactive cyclic motor patterns occurring in the distal colon on the first post-operative day. Low-resolution studies have shown colonic slow waves are not inhibited by surgery, and are present even in the immediate post-operative period. Recovery of normal motility appears to occur in a proximal to distal direction and is temporally correlated with the clinical return of bowel function. No studies have investigated motility specifically in prolonged POI. Future studies should use high-resolution techniques to accurately characterise abnormalities in electrical and mechanical function underlying POI, and correlate these changes with clinical recovery of bowel function.
Cameron J. Elward,Sebrina D. Perkins 대한소아응급의학회 2022 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.1
This case report discusses a school-aged boy who presented to the emergency department with diffuse abdominal pain and fever. After investigation, he was found to have Enterobius vermicularis infestation of the appendix without appendicitis. The novelty of this case is the video clip of a live worm-like finding on ultrasound in the boy. The video for this case serves as a reminder for emergency physicians or pediatricians to consider parasitic etiologies in children with abdominal pain, absent some of the classic manifestations like perianal pruritis.
Political Failure and Bureaucratic Potential in Africa
Cameron Wimpy 서울대학교행정대학원 2021 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.36 No.4
Recent scholarship theorizes that shortcomings in good governance are a result of political, not bureaucratic, failures. These challenges are no less important in the developing world, and they are particularly acute in many African countries where resources are scarce and political development is relatively limited. Although the impacts of public administration quality on governance outcomes in Africa are well established, the empirical relationship between political failures and bureaucratic capacity remains underexplored. In addition, political issues in developing countries often cause bureaucratic pathologies to vary across the additional dimensions of corruption, judicial independence, and political pluralism. Using a combination of unique datasets, I turn the recent theories on political failure into testable propositions for how these processes unfold in the African context. The findings are of interest both for improving governance in developing countries and adding to the growing body of literature examining the severity of the challenges posed by political failure in various contexts.
Cameron Wright,Pietari Mäkelä,Alexandre Bigot,Mikael Anttinen,Peter J. Boström,Roberto Blanco Sequeiros 대한의용생체공학회 2023 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.13 No.1
The non-perfused volume (NPV) is an important indicator of treatment success immediately after prostate ablation. However, visualization of the NPV first requires an injection of MRI contrast agents into the bloodstream, which has many downsides. Purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning model capable of predicting the NPV immediately after prostate ablation therapy without the need for MRI contrast agents. A modified 2D deep learning UNet model was developed to predict the post-treatment NPV. MRI imaging data from 95 patients who had previously undergone prostate ablation therapy for treatment of localized prostate cancer were used to train, validate, and test the model. Model inputs were T1/T2-weighted and thermometry MRI images, which were always acquired without any MRI contrast agents and prior to the final NPV image on treatment-day. Model output was the predicted NPV. Model accuracy was assessed using the Dice-Similarity Coefficient (DSC) by comparing the predicted to ground truth NPV. A radiologist also performed a qualitative assessment of NPV. Mean (std) DSC score for predicted NPV was 85% ± 8.1% compared to ground truth. Model performance was significantly better for slices with larger prostate radii (> 24 mm) and for whole-gland rather than partial ablation slices. The predicted NPV was indistinguishable from ground truth for 31% of images. Feasibility of predicting NPV using a UNet model without MRI contrast agents was clearly established. If developed further, this could improve patient treatment outcomes and could obviate the need for contrast agents altogether. Trial Registration Numbers Three studies were used to populate the data: NCT02766543, NCT03814252 and NCT03350529.
Cameron Dietiker,김소은,Yunxi Zhang,Chadwick W. Christine 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2019 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.12 No.2
ObjectiveIn Parkinson’s disease (PD), vitamin B12 levels are lower, and comorbid B12 deficiency has been associated with the development of neuropathy and early gait instability. Because little is known about B12 supplement use in PD, we sought to evaluate its use in a large PD cohort and, as an exploratory analysis, to determine whether baseline characteristics or disease progression differed according to B12 supplementation. MethodsWe utilized data collected as part of the National Institutes of Health Exploratory Trials in PD (NET-PD) Long-term Study (LS-1), a longitudinal study of 1,741 participants. We stratified subjects into 4 groups according to daily supplement use: no B12, multivitamin (MVI) containing < 100 μg B12, B12 ≥ 100 μg, and MVI + B12 ≥ 100 μg. Clinical outcomes were assessed at 3 years for each group using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), its subscores, and selected individual questions. ResultsOf the 1,147 participants who completed the 3-year visit, 41% took an MVI, 2% took B12, 3% took MVI + B12, and 54% reported taking no supplements. At 3 years, no significant differences in clinical outcomes were observed. However, there was a trend toward lower hazard ratios for developing sensory symptoms (UPDRS Item 17) in the MVI (p = 0.08) and B12 + MVI (p = 0.08) groups compared to that in the no supplement group. ConclusionThese results show that supplementation with vitamin B12 ≥ 100 μg is uncommon in early PD. The finding of a trend toward a lower hazard ratio for the development of sensory symptoms in those taking an MVI or B12 + MVI warrants further study.