http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Byron D’Andra Orey,Thomas Craemer 서울대학교행정대학원 2023 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.38 No.3
This study applies Du Bois’ ‘double consciousness’ theory to explore the experiences of Black police officers. The research reveals that these officers’ interactions with unarmed Black civilians are influenced by their implicit identification with the Black community and their awareness of ongoing racial inequality in the U.S. However, internalized racism also leads to shooting errors, with officers viewing Black civilians through harmful racial stereotypes. The study, which involved 43 Black officers from various departments in the deep South, utilized a simulation game to assess decision-making under time pressure.
Race and Ethnicity as Determinants of Privatizing State Prisons
Byron E. Price,Tony Carrizales,Richard Schwester 한국행정학회 2009 International Review of Public Administration Vol.13 No.3
The criminal justice system, in the past two decades, has witnessed an increase in incarceration rates and prison overcrowding, and a resultant rise in prison privatization. The debate over prison privatization finds itself amid public administration discourse as arguments revolve around fiscal accountability, public safety, and administrative ethics. This study looks at race and ethnicity as possible factors in the privatization of prisons, the significance of which is evident when reviewing incarceration figures for Blacks and Hispanics. U.S. Census social and economic data, along with Department of Justice data on corrections are used. Multiple regression results indicate that a state’s average cost of living and the proportion of Hispanics in its population are significant and robust predictors of prison privatization. There is some evidence supportive of the proportion of Blacks in a state’s population positively predicting the private prison population—although further research is needed to verify this.
Scale Economies and International Trade in a Rapidly Growing Region
( Byron L. David ),( Mitchell H. Kellman ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 1997 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.12 No.1
Scale is universally acknowledged as important in the determination of national comparative advantage. Paradoxically, attempts to associate empirical measures of scale economies and international trade volume have proved largely inconclusive, and often have been found to sport the “wrong” sign. We examine the trade-scale nexus in the context of East Asian NICs and “Next-Tier” NICs whose economies and exports have grown especially rapidly since the mid-1960s. In a cross section context we replicate the negative correlations typically found in the literature. By combining time section and cross section analyses we demonstrate significant positive correlations in a dynamic context, finding that the smaller the country the greater the scale economy gains for any given population increase. (JEL Classification: F12)
Scale Economies and International Trade in a Rapidly Growing Region
David, Byron L.,Kellman, Mitchell H. 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1997 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.12 No.1
Scale is universally acknowledged as important in the determination of national comparative advantage. Paradoxically, attempts to associate empirical measures of scale economies and international trade volume have proved largely inconclusive, and often have been found to sport the "wrong" sign. We examine the trade-scale nexus in the context of East Asian NICs and "Next-Tier" NICs whose economies and exports have grown especially rapidly since the mid-1960s. In a cross section context we replicate the negative correlations typically found in the literature. By combining time section and cross section analyses we demonstrate significant positive correlations in a dynamic context, finding that the smaller the country the greater the scale economy gains for any given population increase.(JEL Classification: F12)
Promoting Science and the Integrity of Biomedical Research at Universities: SNUCM as an Example
SHOOK CHRISTOPHER BYRON,이지현,김미경 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2020 Asia Pacific Journal of Health Law & Ethics Vol.14 No.1
This paper investigates the promotion of biomedical innovation in South Korea through support for research integrity. Using Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM) as a showcase, we observe a relationship between the number publications by Korean researchers, international academic reputational metrics, and best practices in the promotion of research ethics for Korean research environments. Survey data from graduate research ethics education courses across two years suggest that enhancing domestic biomedical research integrity through institutional and governmental regulatory regimes requires additional resources and refinement in select areas. We compare publication data from relevant academic publishing sources with the rate of retraction notices for Korean research amid qualitative and quantitative growth in research output. At the university level, further educational programs on publication practices and reproducible research would support reputational goals alongside academic and applied research applications. In particular, the discussion of these statistics details how to promote reproducible biomedical research in Korean research settings. Defining narrowly biomedical integrity that focuses on research misconduct and human subject protection as a foundation of research ethics education at Seoul National University would further expose researchers to the risks imposed by publication retractions and cumulative effects on Korean academic reputational goals to support innovation.