수학문장제 문제해결력 검사 타당화 연구: 학습장애 위험군 선별을 중심으로

김동일(Kim, Dongil),고혜정(Koh, Hyejung),신재현(Shin, Jaehyun),김이내(Kim, Ienai),김우리야(Kim, Wooliya),김붕년(Kim, Boongnyun),이기정(Lee, Kijyung) 한국열린교육학회 2013 열린교육연구 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구는 학생들의 수학문장제 문제해결력을 정확히 예측할 수 있고 보다 직접적으로 측정할 수 있는 검사도구로서 개발된 ‘수학문장제 문제해결력 검사’의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 ‘수학문장제 문제해결력 검사’의 타당도를 구성타당도, 준거타당도, 그리고 변별타당도 측면에서 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 문항 간 내적 합치도는 전체 .898로 높은 편이었고, 타당도의 경우, 요인의 일차원성이 확보되어 본 검사가 단일요인을 측정하고자 함이 입증되었으며, 기초학습기능 평가체제-읽기 및 수학과의 준거타당도가 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 읽기와 수학의 한 영역 또는 두 영역 모두에 심각한 문제를 지닌 읽기-수학 공존 학습장애의 위험을 보이는 저성취 아동들을 적절히 변별해내는 데에도 효과적인 검사도구임이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 ‘수학문장제 문제해결력 검사’는 교육현장에서 수학능력을 정형화된 연산 정확도로만 측정하기보다 수학교육의 궁극적인 목표인 문제해결능력을 점검하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to develop a ‘curriculum-based mathematical word problem solving measurement’ which can predict with accuracy and measure directly mathematical word problem solving ability, and to verify the reliability and validity of that measurement. The study examined the reliability and validity of a ‘curriculum-based mathematical word problem solving measurement.’ In terms of validity, factor analysis was conducted and both criteria validity and discriminant validity were examined. The results showed relatively high internal consistency coefficients across all items with Cronbach’s α coefficient which was .898. In the result of factor analysis, it yielded only one principle component and it was significantly correlated with BASA-Math and maze test of BASA-Reading. In addition, by examining the discriminant validity, it was revealed that significant differences in mathematical word problem solving scores were found among the children with reading difficulties, math difficulties, and math-reading comorbid difficulties. Therefore, a 'curriculum-based mathematical word problem solving measurement' would be able to provide a more reliable information of mathematical problem solving ability rather than simple calculation tests, and it is expected to be used appropriately in school settings.

Perinatal and Familial Risk Factors Are Associated with Full Syndrome and Subthreshold Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Korean Community Sample

HyoWon Kim,SooChurl Cho,BoongNyun Kim,JaeWon Kim,MinSup Shin,Yeni Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2009 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.6 No.4

Objective-The objective of this study was to examine the effect of perinatal and familial risk factors on full syndrome and subthreshold attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among Korean children and adolescents. Methods-A sample of 2,673 students was randomly selected from 19 representative schools in Seoul, Korea. The parents of the students completed the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-version IV (DISC-IV), as well as questionnaires on perinatal and familial risk factors. Results-Maternal stress and alcohol use during pregnancy, parental marital discord, parental separation or divorce, changes in primary caregivers, and notbreastfeeding were significantly associated with full syndrome ADHD; however, maternal stress during pregnancy was the only variable that differentiated subthreshold ADHD from non-ADHD. Conclusion-Our results provide evidence the perinatal and familial risk factors contribute to the development of ADHD in Korea children and adolescents, and suggest that these perinatal and familial risk factors are more closely related to full syndrome than to subthreshold ADHD.

Positive Association between Tourette’s Disorder and Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase Gene in Korean Subjects

BoongNyun Kim,JunWon Hwang,MinSup Shin,Kang E Hong,Soo Churl Cho 대한신경정신의학회 2005 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.2 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the association of the Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase (COMT) polymorphism with Tourette’s disorder (TD) in a Korean sample of families with TD probands. The relationship between the risk alleles and specific clinical features (tic severity, comorbidity, drug response) was also explored. Patients were recruited from the Tic Disorder clinic at the Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Division of Seoul National University Hospital and assessed through a 2 stage evaluation. Firstly, all of the patients and parents underwent a semistructured interview using the Korean version of the Kiddie-Schedule for Affeetive Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age children, Present and Life time Version (K-SADSPL). Secondly, all of the patients underwent a clinical interview and tic severity assessment with the Korean version of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). The subjects in the control group were recruited from the health promotion center of our hospital and were evaluated by means of the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV). Through this process, a total of 42 children and adolescents with TD, their 84 parents and 86 control subjects were finally recruited. Genotyping for the Val158Met polymorphism of the COMT gene was done by a standardized method. After the collection of the genetic data of all of the patients, parents and control subjects, a casecontrol comparison and transmission dysequilibrium test were performed using SPSS version 11. Based on the case-control comparison, the frequencies of the Lallele and LL genotype were significantly higher in the TD group. However, no differences were found in the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). No significant differences were found in the family history of tic, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), drug response or comorbid conditions among the TD patients with the three different genotypes. Although the results of this study should be interpreted cautiously, due to the small sample size and negative finding in the TDT test, this is the first report of a positive association between the functional polymorphism of the COMT gene and TD.

Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of SEMA5A Is Associated with Sociality Traits in Korean Subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders

SoonAe Kim,BoongNyun Kim,JaeWon Kim,MinSup Shin,TaeWon Park,JungWoo Son,UnSun Chung,Mira Park 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.6

In this study, we evaluated the association between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5’ region of the semaphorin 5A gene (SEMA5A) for 250 Korean trios including children with ASDs. Family-based association testing and haplotype analysis revealed a statistically significant association between rs194085 and multiple sociality traits with Korean ASDs in the dominant model (p<0.001, corrected p=0.035). This indicates that genetic variations in the 5’ region of SEMA5A play a role in the genetic predisposition to sociality traits in Korean ASDs.

Genome-Wide Association Scan of Korean Autism Spectrum Disorders with Language Delay: A Preliminary Study

SooChurl Cho,HeeJeong Yoo,Mira Park,InHee Cho,BoongNyun Kim,JaeWon Kim,MinSup Shin,TaeWon Park,JungWoo Son,UnSun Chung,HyoWon Kim,YoungHui Yang,JeOuk Kang,SoYoung Yang,SoonAe Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.1

Objective-Communication problems are a prevalent symptom of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which have a genetic background. Although several genome-wide studies on ASD have suggested a number of candidate genes, few studies have reported the association or linkage of specific endophenotypes to ASDs. Methods-Forty-two Korean ASD patients who showed a language delay were enrolled in this study with their parents. We performed a genome-wide scan by using the Affymetrix SNP Array 5.0 platform to identify candidate genes responsible for language delay in ASDs. Results-We detected candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chromosome 11, rs11212733 (p-value=9.76×10-6) and rs7125479 (p-value=1.48×10-4), as a marker of language delay in ASD using the transmission disequilibrium test and multifactor dimensionality reduction test. Conclusion-Although our results suggest that several SNPs are associated with language delay in ASD, rs11212733 we were not able to observe any significant results after correction of multiple comparisons. This may imply that more samples may be required to identify genes associated with language delay in ASD.

Serotonin 2A Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Korean Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

SooChurl Cho,JungWoo Son,BoongNyun Kim,JaeWon Kim,HeeJeong Yoo,JunWon Hwang,DaeYeon Cho,UnSun Chung,TaeWon Park 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.3

Objective-The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the T102C polymorphism in the serotonin 2A receptor gene and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Korean patients. Methods-A total of 189 Korean children with ADHD as well as both parents of the ADHD children and 150 normal children participated in this study. DNA was extracted from blood samples from all of the subjects, and genotyping was conducted. Based on the allele and genotype information obtained, case-control analyses were performed to compare the ADHD and normal children, and Transmission disequilibrium tests (TDTs) were used for family-based association testing (number of trios=113). Finally, according to the significant finding which was showed in the case-control analyses, the results of behavioral characterastics and neuropsychological test were compared between ADHD children with and without the C allele. Results-In the case-control analyses, statistically significant differences were detected in the frequencies of genotypes containing the C allele (χ2=4.73, p=0.030). In the family-based association study, TDTs failed to detect linkage disequilibrium of the T102C polymorphism associated with ADHD children. In the ADHD children, both the mean reaction time and the standard deviation of the reaction time in the auditory continuous performance test were longer in the group with the C allele compared to the group without the C allele. Conclusion-The results of this study suggest that there is a significant genetic association between the T102C polymorphism in the serotonin 2A receptor gene and ADHD in Korean children.

The Impact of Depressive Symptoms in Adults with ADHD Symptoms on Family Function and ADHD Symptoms of Their Children

SoonBeom Hong,JongHa Lee,JaeWon Kim,DukHee Chun,MinSup Shin,HeeJeong Yoo,BoongNyun Kim,SooChurl Cho 대한신경정신의학회 2004 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.1 No.2

Objective-People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit considerable impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning. The present study aimed to examine the patterns of associations between ADHD symptoms, depression, and family functioning. Methods-he sample consisted of 1,022 adults randomly selected from a district in Seoul, South Korea. Several self-assessment scales were utilized to rate ADHD symptoms (both past and current), current symptoms of depression, and level of family functioning. ADHD symptoms in the children of these participants were also assessed. Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed; structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the best fitting model. Results-Adult ADHD symptoms were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms, in turn, mediated the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and cohesion among family members. In addition, depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and their children’s ADHD symptoms. Conclusion-The relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and family dysfunction may be influenced by depressive symptoms. When treating ADHD in adults, clinicians should pay attention to the presence or absence of depression.

A synthesis on the research of the comorbidity of ADHD and LD in Korea: perspective and trend

김동일,고은영,Sora Jeong,Kijyung Lee,Boongnyun Kim,Ienai Kim 서울대학교 교육연구소 2011 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.12 No.4

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disabilities (LD) are the most commonly diagnosed childhood disorders, and they frequently co-occur with each other. It has been found that students with comorbidity of ADHD and LD experience more difficulties in school. Even though the research interests in the comorbidity of ADHD and LD are increasing, there are inconsistent results in research studies and insufficient understanding of the comorbidity of ADHD and LD. This study attempts to grasp the progress of the studies in the comorbidity of ADHD and LD in Korea and to suggest the future directions for following research. A total of 90 studies published between 1987 and 2009 are examined. First, we analyze the studies that examined the learning problems of ADHD and then identify the characteristics of the learning problems in ADHD group. Afterwards, we investigate the studies that dealt with the attention problems of LD and then discuss the characteristics of the attention problems in LD group. Third, we identify the differences between ADHD and LD and synthesize the research findings. Finally, we analyze the studies conducted in conjunction with the comorbidity of ADHD and LD. On lightening the research of the comorbidity on three aspects, we find the research trend in Korea and provide the implications for future studies on the comorbidity of ADHD and LD. Furthermore, we suggest that it is important to identify comorbid conditions at the early stage, and it is necessary to conduct multidisciplinary research and international comparison research.

Titrating Optimal Dose of Osmotic-Controlled Release Oral Delivery (OROS)-Methylphenidate and Its Efficacy and Safety in Korean Children with ADHD: A Multisite Open Labeled Study

DongHo Song,Soul Choi,YooSook Joung,EunHye Ha,BoongNyun Kim,YeeJin Shin,Dongwon Shin,HeeJeong Yoo,KeunAh Cheon 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.3

Objective-This study was aimed to determine effectiveness and tolerability of Osmotic-controlled Release Oral delivery (OROS) methylphenidate (MPH) and its optimal dose administered openly over a period of up to 12 weeks in drug naïve Korean children with ADHD. Methods-Subjects (n=143), ages 6 to 18-years, with a clinical diagnosis of any subtype of ADHD were recruited from 7 medical centers in Korea. An individualized dose of OROS-MPH was determined for each subject depending on the response criteria. The subjects were assessed with several symptom rating scales in week 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12. Results-77 of 116 subjects (66.4%) achieved the criteria for response and the average of optimal daily dose for response was to 30.05±12.52 mg per day (0.90±0.31 mg/kg/d) at the end of the study. Optimal dose was not significantly different between ADHD subtypes, whereas, significant higher dose was needed in older aged groups than younger groups. The average of optimal daily dose for response for the subjects aged above 12 years old was 46.38±15.52 per day (0.81±0.28 mg/kg/d) compared to younger groups (p<0.01). No serious adverse effects were reported and the dose did not have a significant effect on adverse effects. Conclusion-Optimal mean dose of OROS-MPH was significantly different by age groups. Higher dose was needed in older aged groups than younger groups. Effectiveness and tolerability of OROS-MPH in symptoms of ADHD is sustained for up to 12 weeks.