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Green and mild production of 5-aminolevulinic acid from algal biomass
Binglin Chen,Jiachen Li,Yunchao Feng,Kai Le,Yuxia Zai,Xing Tang,Yong Sun,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.5
Algal biomass was converted into 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in five chemical steps: conversion to 5- (chloromethyl)furfural (5-CMF), ammoniation, ring-opening (photo-oxidation), reduction, and hydrolyzation. Among them, we mainly focused on the 5-CMF production and the following ammoniation. To our knowledge, the mixed solvent catalytic system of deep eutectic solvent (DES) and low concentration hydrochloric acid is the first reported for the synthesis of 5-CMF from algal biomass, providing a 24.6% 5-CMF yield at 120 oC for 5 h. Potassium phthalimide (KPI) was employed as an ammoniation reagent with superb selectivity and activity instead of conventional sodium azide (NaN3). Optimizing the experimental design, a 23.7% 5-ALA yield along with high purity (>96%) was achieved from 5-CMF, and the total 5-ALA yield was 5.8% from algal biomass. This work provides a green and mild pathway for 5- ALA production from algal biomass.
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Tian Mao,Wu Shiyu,Zhang Wei,Zhang Gaosen,Yu Xue,Wu Yujie,Jia Puchao,Zhang Binglin,Chen Tuo,Liu Guangxiu 한국미생물학회 2024 The journal of microbiology Vol.62 No.4
We isolated and analyzed a novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile actinobacterium, designated as strain ZFBP1038T, from rock sampled on the north slope of Mount Everest. The growth requirements of this strain were 10–37 °C, pH 4–10, and 0–6% (w/v) NaCl. The sole respiratory quinone was MK-9, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C17:0. Peptidoglycan containing meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, and glucose were the major cell wall sugars, while polar lipids included diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, and an unidentified glycolipid. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ZFBP1038T has the highest similarity with Spelaeicoccus albus DSM 26341 T (96.02%). ZFBP1038T formed a distinct monophyletic clade within the family Brevibacteriaceae and was distantly related to the genus Spelaeicoccus. The G + C content of strain ZFBP1038T was 63.65 mol% and the genome size was 4.05 Mb. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity values between the genomes of strain ZFBP1038T and representative reference strains were 19.3–25.2, 68.0–71.0, and 52.8–60.1%, respectively. Phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics as well as comparative genome analyses suggested that strain ZFBP1038T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Saxibacter gen. nov., sp. nov. was assigned with the type strain Saxibacter everestensis ZFBP1038T (= EE 014 T = GDMCC 1.3024 T = JCM 35335 T).
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