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Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Accumulation Profiles of a Highly Lipophilic Fatty Ester
Bhandari, Krishna Hari,Lee, Dong-Xun,Newa, Madhuri,Yoon, Sung-Il,Kim, Jung-Sun,Kim, Dae-Duk,Kim, Jung-Ae,Yoo, Bong-Kyo,Woo, Jong-Soo,Lyoo, Won-Seok,Lee, Jae-Hwi,Choi, Han-Gon,Yong, Chul-Soon 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.2
The aim was to evaluate the skin permeation and accumulation profiles of a highly lipophilic fatty ester using the combination of various permeation enhancing techniques to study the potential of highly lipophilic fatty esters as local topical agents. Permeation and accumulation profiles of ketorolac stearate (C18:0) were studied using solubility improved formulation, supersaturated solution of permeant in enhancer vehicle, lipophilic receptor solution, enhancer pretreatment, and the removal of stratum corneum and delipidization of skins. Impermeability and minimal skin accumulation of ketorolac stearate could delineate a preliminary possibility for designing safer topical agents without systemic absorption.
The regulatory role of c-MYC on HDAC2 and PcG expression in human multipotent stem cells
Bhandari, Dilli Ram,Seo, Kwang-Won,Jung, Ji-Won,Kim, Hyung-Sik,Yang, Se-Ran,Kang, Kyung-Sun Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.15 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-MYC) is a well-known nuclear oncoprotein having multiple functions in cell proliferation, apoptosis and cellular transformation. Chromosomal modification is also important to the differentiation and growth of stem cells. Histone deacethylase (HDAC) and polycomb group (PcG) family genes are well-known chromosomal modification genes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of c-MYC in the expression of chromosomal modification <I>via</I> the HDAC family genes in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). To achieve this goal, c-MYC expression was modified by gene knockdown and overexpression <I>via</I> lentivirus vector. Using the modified c-MYC expression, our study was focused on cell proliferation, differentiation and cell cycle. Furthermore, the relationship of c-MYC with HDAC2 and PcG genes was also examined. The cell proliferation and differentiation were checked and shown to be dramatically decreased in c-MYC knocked-down human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs, whereas they were increased in c-MYC overexpressing cells. Similarly, RT-PCR and Western blotting results revealed that HDAC2 expression was decreased in c-MYC knocked-down and increased in c-MYC overexpressing hMSCs. Database indicates presence of c-MYC binding motif in HDAC2 promoter region, which was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The influence of c-MYC and HDAC2 on PcG expression was confirmed. This might indicate the regulatory role of c-MYC over HDAC2 and PcG genes. c-MYCs’ regulatory role over HDAC2 was also confirmed in human adipose tissue-derived MSCs and bone-marrow derived MSCs. From this finding, it can be concluded that c-MYC plays a vital role in cell proliferation and differentiation <I>via</I> chromosomal modification.</P>
Bhandari, Prerana,Ahmad, Firoz,Dalvi, Rupa,Koppaka, Neeraja,Kokate, Prajakta,Das, Bibhu Ranjan,Mandava, Swarna Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16
Background: Chromosomal aberrations identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have an important role in disease diagnosis, prognosis and management. Information on karyotype and associated clinical parameters are essential to physicians for planning cancer control interventions in different geographical regions. Materials and Methods: In this study, we present the overall frequency and distribution patterns of chromosomal aberrations in both children and adult de novo B lineage ALL Indian patients using conventional cytogenetics, interphase FISH and multiplex RT-PCR. Results: Among the 215 subjects, cytogenetic results were achieved in 172 (80%) patients; normal karyotype represented 37.2% and abnormal 62.8% with a distribution as follows: 15.3% hypodiploidy; 10.3% hyperdiploidy; 15.8% t(9;22); 9.8% t(1;19); 3.7% t(12;21); 2.8% t(4;11); 2.8% complex karyotypes. Apart from these, we observed several novel, rare and common chromosomal rearrangements. Also, FISH studies using LSI extra-signal dual-color probes revealed additional structural or numerical changes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate cytogenetic heterogeneity of ALL and confirm that the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities varies considerably. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the largest reported series of cytogenetic investigations in Indian B-lineage ALL cases. In addition, ongoing cytogenetic studies are warranted in larger groups of B-lineage ALL cases to identify newly acquired chromosomal abnormalities that may contribute to disease diagnosis and management.
Bhandari, Shiva Ram,Basnet, Sunita,Chung, Kyu-Hwan,Ryu, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Young-Sang 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.2
The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional composition of a genetically modified (GM) CMV-resistant red pepper strain with its parental line. Specifically, the nutrient content (moisture, protein, lipid, ash, carbohydrate, and energy), minerals, fatty acid composition, capsaicinoids (capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin), free sugars (glucose, sucrose, and fructose), vitamin E isomers (${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, ${\gamma}$-, and ${\delta}$-tocopherols), vitamin C, phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, and ${\beta}$-sitosterol), squalene contents, and ASTA values were analyzed and compared. Most of the analyzed compounds showed no significant differences between the GM red peppers and the parental line. The only significant difference was observed in stigmasterol content, but the difference was below the 15% natural-fluctuation threshold. These results suggest that the CMV-GM pepper is equivalent to its parental line in terms of nutritional and phytochemical composition.
Mitochondria in relation to cancer metastasis.
Bhandary, Bidur,Marahatta, Anu,Kim, Hyung-Ryong,Chae, Han-Jung Plenum Press 2012 Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes Vol.44 No.6
<P>Mitochondria, also known as 'Power House of cell,' are crucial organelles, regulating energy metabolism. Recently, an involvement of mitochondria in cancer occurrence and metastasis has been proposed. The roles of mitochondria in cancer progression/metastasis include alteration of glycolysis, regulation of ROS and suppression of intrinsic apoptosis. This mini-review explains the specific mitochondrial characteristics during cancer metastasis with past and recent findings. It may contribute to understanding mitochondria-related mechanisms of cancer metastasis.</P>
Efficient wind fragility analysis of RC high rise building through metamodelling
Bhandari, Apurva,Datta, Gaurav,Bhattacharjya, Soumya Techno-Press 2018 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.27 No.3
This paper deals with wind fragility and risk analysis of high rise buildings subjected to stochastic wind load. Conventionally, such problems are dealt in full Monte Carlo Simulation framework, which requires extensive computational time. Thus, to make the procedure computationally efficient, application of metamodelling technique in fragility analysis is explored in the present study. Since, accuracy by the conventional Least Squares Method (LSM) based metamodelling is often challenged, an efficient Moving Least Squares Method based adaptive metamodelling technique is proposed for wind fragility analysis. In doing so, artificial time history of wind load is generated by three wind field models: i.e., a simple one based on alongwind component of wind speed; a more detailed one considering coherence and wind directionality effect, and a third one considering nonstationary effect of mean wind. The results show that the proposed approach is more accurate than the conventional LSM based metamodelling approach when compared to full simulation approach as reference. At the same time, the proposed approach drastically reduces computational time in comparison to the full simulation approach. The results by the three wind field models are compared. The importance of non-linear structural analysis in fragility evaluation has been also demonstrated.
Phytonutrient Profile of Purple Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) Seeds
Bhandari, Shiva Ram,Lee, Ju-Kyong,Lee, Young-Sang The Korean Society of Crop Science 2011 한국작물학회지 Vol.56 No.3
To characterize phytonutrients, the seeds of 12 purple Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) accessions collected from Korea and Japan were used for quantitative analysis of tocopherols, phytosterols, squalene and fatty acids. The average tocopherol, squalene and phytosterols contents were 12.2 mg $100g^{-1}$, 3.99 mg $100g^{-1}$ and 77.20 mg $100g^{-1}$, respectively. Among 4 tocopherol (T) isomers (${\alpha}$-T, ${\beta}$-T, ${\gamma}$-T, and ${\delta}$-T), ${\gamma}$-T was present in the highest quantity (11.03 mg $100g^{-1}$) with the least variation (CV = 13.7%), while ${\beta}$-T was present in lowest quantity (0.25 mg 1$100g^{-1}$). Compared to campesterol (4.36 mg $100g^{-1}$) and stigmasterol (13.32 mg $100g^{-1}$), ${\beta}$-sitosterol exhibited higher quantity (59.51 mg $100g^{-1}$) with 9.5% of variation. The major fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic (61.5%), linoleic (17.3%), and oleic (9.9%) acids compared to saturated ones: palmitic (7.6%) and stearic (3.7%) acids. When Korean and Japanese accession were compared, almost no difference in content could be observed, while more variation as evaluated by CV (%) could be observed in Japanese accession in most phytonutrients suggesting wider genetic variation of purple Perilla in Japan. Presence of all above-mentioned phytonutrient compounds strongly suggested health beneficial value of purple Perilla seeds.
Bhandari, Shiva Ram,Lee, Young-Sang The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2013 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.26 No.6
To characterize the nutraceutical property of Italian millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), ten Korean landraces of each crop were collected and their vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) contents as well as fatty acid composition in seeds were evaluated. Italian millet seeds exhibited 5 forms of vitamin E isomers: three (${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-) tocopherols and two (${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-) tocotrienols, while sorghum seeds showed only three forms of vitamin E isomers: ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol and ${\alpha}$-tocotrienol. In both crops, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol was the major constituent of vitamin E in terms of highest quantity. Total vitamin E content in Italian millet and sorghum landraces were 88.3 mg/kg and 44.3 mg/kg, respectively. Among three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) analyzed, ${\beta}$-sitosterol was the major form comprising about 85% and 65% in Italian millet and sorghum landraces, respectively. Total phytosterols content ranged from 443.0 to 568.5 mg/kg and 442.3 to 719.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and sorghum, respectively. Squalene, a precursor of phytosterols biosynthesis, ranged from 6.8 to 10.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and from 62.2 to 115.2 mg/kg in sorghum. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids in both of the crops and about 80% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. Among the tested landraces, M09 and S10 showed relatively higher proportion of phytonutrients, suggesting their potential as a gene source for further breeding program.