Strategies for Conservation and Restoration of Freshwater Fish Species in Korea

강언종,양현,Kang, Eon-Jong,Bang, In-Chul,Yang, Hyun The Ichthyological Society of Korea 2009 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

The tiny fragment of freshwater body is providing home for huge biodiversity and resources for the existence of human. The competing demand for freshwater have been increased rapidly and it caused the declination of biodiversity in recent decades. Unlike the natural process of extinction in gradual progress, the current species extinction is accelerated by human activity. As a result many fish species are already extinct or alive only in captivity in the world and about fifty eight animal species are in endangered in Korea including eighteen freshwater species. Conservation of biodiversity is the process by which the prevention of loss or damage is attained, and is often associated with management of the natural environment. The practical action is classified into in-situ, or ex-situ depending on the location of the conservation effort. Recovery means the process by which the status of endangerment is improved to persist in the wild by re-introduction of species from ex-situ conservation population into nature or translocation of some population. However there are a lot of restrictions to complete it and successful results are known very rare in case. In this article the authors explore some strategies for conservation and restoration of freshwater fish species conducted in Korea for few years. The major causes are discussed in relation with the decline of freshwater fish diversity during few decades and some strategies are evaluated to advance the process of conservation. A study on the Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus brevicorpus, is introduced as a case for ex-situ conservation and restoration in freshwater ecosystem.

넙치 3계통의 혈액성분 분석 및 계통간 교배군의 초기성장과 생존율

방인철,박상용,이윤아,홍경표,김종형 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.2

Hematological characteristics of the three populations in the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were analyzed. The sample fishes were collected from coastal sea areas around Korea (east and west coastal wild populations) and Japanese cultured population. Result researched into Hemoglobin, PCV, total protein, glucose, GOT and GPT in the three population were not significant (P>0.05). Abnormality of mating groups used east female were higher than Japanese female (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in fertilization rate and hatching success (P>0.05). Japanese X east group showed highest percent and east X west group showed lowest percent in survival rate, significantly (P<0.05). East X east, Japanese X west and Japanese X Japanese groups showed higher growth rate in total length and body weight than the other groups, however, east X west group showed lower growth, significantly(P<0.05).

Carrageenan 유도 관절염에 대한 灸律 藥鍼의 진통작용

구성태,신종근,최윤영,송정방,김재효,김경식,손인철 한국전통의학연구소 2006 한국전통의학지 Vol.15 No.1

Objectives: This study was produced to examine the effects of moxibustion that had been played important role to traditional oriental medical treatment on disease. Recently, it was reported that moxi-tar which is generated in the process of moxibustion as burning combustibles decreased nitric oxide(NO) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) generation in cellular experiments. Methods: Carrageenan-induced arthritis rat model was used to test the effect of moxi-tar as a chronic pain model. Diluted moxi-tar was single injected in several acupoints or combined with electroacupuncture (1 ms, 2 Hz, and 2 mA) into contralateral ST36 acupoint for 30 min to assess the synergic effects. After the treatment, behavioral tests measuring stepping force were periodically conducted during the next 12 hours. Endogenous NO and iNOS, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and c-Fos protein expression in the spinal cord were examined on a rat model of carrageenan-induced arthritis. Results : After the induction of arthritis, rats subsequently showed a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for at least the next 4 days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful knee, since oral injection of indomethacin produced temporary improvement of weight bearing. Moxi-tar produced significant improvement of stepping force of the hindlimb affected by the arthritis lasting at least 9 hours. The magnitude of this improvement was equivalent to that obtained after an oral injection of 3 mg/kg of indomethacin and this improvement of stepping force was interpreted as an analgesic effect. Moxi-tar produced the improvement of stepping force of the affected hindlimb in a dose-dependent manner. Both NO production and iNOS, COX-2 protein expression increased by arthritis were suppressed by moxi-tar. Moxi-tar on combination with electroacupuncture (EA) produced more powerful and longer lasting improvement of stepping force of the hindlimb affected by the arthritis than either moxi-tar or EA did. Conclusion : The present study suggest that moxi-tar produces a potent analgesic effect on the chronic knee arthritis pain model in the rat and that moxi-tar-induced analgesia modulate endogenous NO through the suppression of iNOS/COX-2 protein expression.

육상 수조에서 점농어 치어의 적정 사육 밀도

방인철 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

A growth study was conducted to investigate the effect of stocking density on performance of juvenile spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax sp.). Fish averaging 25g were stocked into duplicate tanks (50ℓ each) at four different densities of 250g, 500g, 1,000g, and 1,500g/100ℓ, and fed commercial diet (extruded pellet) for 2 months. Weight gain was decreased as density increased, body weights of fish stocked at 250∼500g/100ℓ were higher than those of higher density (p<0.05). Feed efficiency was increased as density increased at 250∼1,000g/100ℓ initial stocking density, but it was decreased at lowest density. These results indicate that optimal stocking density of spotted sea bass juvenile is 1∼1.5kg/100ℓ final stocking density for indoor tank culture system.

이차원 전기영동 분석을 위한 새우 췌장 단백질 가용화법 비교

이미영,방인철 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구에서는 새우의 췌장에서 단백질을 추출하여 단백질의 용해도를 높이기 위한 방법으로 SDS/DTT로 먼저 용해후 rehydration 용액 (+SDS/DTT)으로 다시 용해한 시료와 rehydration 용액(-SDS/DTT)만을 사용하여 녹인 시료에 대한 단백질 양상을 이차원 전기영동법을 사용하여 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 region A와 B지역에서는 -SDS/DTT rehydration 용액으로 용해한 후 이차 전기역동한 겔에서 단백질 스팟이 더 많이 검출되었고, region C,D,E와 F 지역에서는 +SDS/DTT rehydration 용액으로 녹여 이차 전기 영동을 수행한 겔에서 많은 단백질들이 강하게 염색되었다. 그러나 region A와B 지역에서 염색된 단백질들은 +SDS/DTT rehydration 용액으로 녹인 단백질의 경우 일차 전기영동에서 등전점 값에 따라 정상적으로 분리가 되지 않았으니 -SDS/DTT rehydration 용액으로 녹인 단백질은 정상적으로 이동되었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 +-SDS/DTT rehydration 가용화법과 _-SDS/DTT rehydration 용액을 사용한 가용화법을 상호보완적으로 사용한다면 새우 췌장 단백질을 추출시키는 방법을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

광주기에 따른 참전복의 성장

이현중,서총현,이상민,박상용,방인철 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.2

A 73-days rearing trial was conducted to investigate the effects of different photoperiod on growth and survival rate of juvenile abalone (Nordotis discus hannai). Survival rate was not significantly affected by different photoperiod condition (P>0.05). Growth rates on shell length and shell breadth of 12L/12D, 18L/6D and 24L/0D groups were higher than those of control (P<0.05), but growth on shell length, shell breadth and shell height of 0L/24D group was lower than those of control (P<0.05). Soft body weight and fatness index of abalone reared 24L/0D condition was greater than all of experimental groups. The results suggest that long photoperiod can improve weight gain of abalone

TNBS로 유도된 흰쥐의 대장염(大腸炎)에 대한 노봉방(露蜂房) 약침(藥鍼)의 효과

송정방 ( Jeong Bang Song ),김재효 ( Jae Hyo Kim ),김유리 ( Yu Lee Kim ),박유리 ( Yu Ree Park ),안성훈 ( Seong Hun Ahn ),손인철 ( In Chul Sohn ) 대한경락경혈학회 2009 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.26 No.4

Objectives: Transient inflammation has been demonstrated to alter visceral sensory function in animal models and acute mucosal inflammation may precede the manifestation of visceral hyperalgesia. Thus in this study we compared effects of herbal acupuncture of Nidus Vespae (NV) applied to the different acupoints in the acute colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) intracolonic injection in rats. Methods: In Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250~400 g, TNBS (5 mg/kg) was infused intrarectally through a silicon rubber catheter into the anus under isoflurane anaesthesia. Under general anesthesia, acupoints of LI4 (Hapkok), SI25 (Cheonchu), ST36 (Joksamni), BL25 (Daejangsu) were intramuscularly injected by NV. Expressions of cFos protein in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), locus coeruleus (LC), nucleus of solitary tract (Sol), and the 6th lumbar spinal cord (L6 s.c.) were observed at 24 hrs after TNBS induced colitis by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of c-Fos protein in L6 s.c., Sol, LC and PAG increased 24 hrs after TNBS injection into colorectum as compared to normal group. NV herbal acupuncture also inhibited the expression of c-Fos protein in Sol but not L6 s.c., LC, and PAG. NV to ST36 inhibited significantly the c-Fos expression in Sol and PAG. NV to ST25 inhibited the c-Fos protein expression all over the observation area. NV to BL25 showed the inhibitory effects in the areas except LC. Whether or not a role of endogenous opioids, intrathecal injection of naltrexone (30 ug/30 ul) was applied before the 2nd herbal acupuncture treatment 24 hrs after TNBS-induced colitis in rat. Naltrexone reversed the inhibition of c-Fos protein expression in the spinal cord and brainstem under different conditions such as type of herbal acupuncture compound and choice of acupoint. Conclusions: In summary, these data show that herbal acupuncture of NV inhibits signal pathways such as spinal cord and brain stem ascending hypersensitivity of colorectum after TNBS induced colitis. This effect may be mediated by acupoints through the endogenous opioid system involving the pain modulation.

참종개 Iksookimia koreensis의 난발생 및 초기생활사

방인철 ( In Chul Bang ) 한국하천호수학회 2012 생태와 환경 Vol.45 No.1

In the present study, egg development and early life history of Korean spined loach, Iksookimia koreensis, were observed. Adult fish were sampled using spoon nets in Okgye-ri, Hoengseong-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea in July 2010. Eggs were obtained after injecting females with Ovarprim. Eggs were then artificially fertilized in the laboratory using the dry method. Mature eggs were slightly adhesive and transparent with a light yellowish color, and measured 1.40±0.04mm(mean±SD) in diameter. Hatching of the embryo occurred approximately 50 h after fertilization in the water at 23℃, and newly hatched larvae were averaged 4.7±0.21 mm in total length. 5 days after hatching, the averaged total length of larvae was 7.1±0.25 mm and their yolk sacs had been completely absorbed. 17 days after hatching, fish started to enter the juvenile stage and reached 12.2±1.10 mm in total length. 80 days after hatching, the band patterns and external form of juvenile fish were similar to those of adults, and they averaged 31.0±3.98 mm in total length.

Functional characterization of <i>ObgC</i> in ribosome biogenesis during chloroplast development

Bang, Woo Young,Chen, Ji,Jeong, In Sil,Kim, Sam Woong,Kim, Chul Wook,Jung, Hyun Suk,Lee, Kyoung Hwan,Kweon, Hee‐,Seok,Yoko, Ishizaki,Shiina, Takashi,Bahk, Jeong Dong Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 The Plant journal Vol.71 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The Spo0B‐associated GTP‐binding protein (Obg) GTPase, essential for bacterial viability, is also conserved in eukaryotes, but its primary role in eukaryotes remains unknown. Here, our functional characterization of Arabidopsis and rice <I>obgc</I> mutants strongly underlines the evolutionarily conserved role of eukaryotic Obgs in organellar ribosome biogenesis. The mutants exhibited a chlorotic phenotype, caused by retarded chloroplast development. A plastid DNA macroarray revealed a plastid‐encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) deficiency in an <I>obgc</I> mutant, caused by incompleteness of the PEP complex, as its western blot exhibited reduced levels of RpoA protein, a component of PEP. Plastid rRNA profiling indicated that plastid rRNA processing is defective in <I>obgc</I> mutants, probably resulting in impaired ribosome biogenesis and, in turn, in reduced levels of RpoA protein. RNA co‐immunoprecipitation revealed that ObgC specifically co‐precipitates with 23S rRNA <I>in vivo</I>. These findings indicate that ObgC functions primarily in plastid ribosome biogenesis during chloroplast development. Furthermore, complementation analysis can provide new insights into the functional modes of three ObgC domains, including the Obg fold, G domain and OCT.</P>

Anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects of piperine in human interleukin 1β-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and in rat arthritis models

Bang, Jun Soo,Oh, Da Hee,Choi, Hyun Mi,Sur, Bong-Jun,Lim, Sung-Jig,Kim, Jung Yeon,Yang, Hyung-In,Yoo, Myung Chul,Hahm, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Kyoung Soo BioMed Central 2009 Arthritis research & therapy Vol.11 No.2

<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>The objective of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory, nociceptive, and antiarthritic effects of piperine, the active phenolic component in black pepper extract.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The <I>in vitro </I>anti-inflammatory activity of piperine was tested on interleukin 1β (IL1β)-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived form patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The levels of IL6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>) were investigated by ELISA and RT-PCR analysis. The analgesic and antiarthritic activities of piperine were investigated on rat models of carrageenan-induced acute paw pain and arthritis. The former were evaluated with a paw pressure test, and the latter by measuring the squeaking score, paw volume, and weight distribution ratio. Piperine was administrated orally to rats at 20 and 100 mg/kg/day for 8 days.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Piperine inhibited the expression of IL6 and MMP13 and reduced the production of PGE<SUB>2 </SUB>in a dose dependant manner at concentrations of 10 to 100 μg/ml. In particular, the production of PGE<SUB>2 </SUB>was significantly inhibited even at 10 μg/ml of piperine. Piperine inhibited the migration of activator protein 1 (AP-1), but not nuclear factor (NF)κB, into the nucleus in IL1β-treated synoviocytes. In rats, piperine significantly reduced nociceptive and arthritic symptoms at days 8 and 4, respectively. Histological staining showed that piperine significantly reduced the inflammatory area in the ankle joints.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>These results suggest that piperine has anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antiarthritic effects in an arthritis animal model. Thus, piperine should be further studied with regard to use either as a pharmaceutical or as a dietary supplement for the treatment of arthritis.</P>