http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Ayush Sharma,Harvinder Singh Chhabra,Rajat Mahajan,Tarun Chabra,Sahil Batra 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.5
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze various diagnostic tools, including GeneXpert, for the management of tuberculosis of the spine. Overview of Literature: Traditional diagnostic methods of microscopy, histology, and culture have low sensitivity and specificity for the management of tuberculosis of the spine. Methods: Of the 262 treated cases of spinal tuberculosis, data on 1 year follow-up was available for 217 cases. Of these, only 145 cases with a confirmed diagnosis were selected for retrospective analysis. Results: In 145 of the 217 patients (66.80%), diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of a culture. Of the 145 patients with a confirmed diagnosis, 98 (66.20%) patients were diagnosed on the basis of clinical presentation, whereas 123 (84.8%) exhibited a typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) picture. In 99 surgically treated patients, the diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of an intraoperative tissue biopsy. Among the 46 patients treated conservatively, 35 underwent a transpedicular biopsy, 4 patients underwent computed tomography-guided biopsy, 6 patients were diagnosed on the basis of material obtained from a cold abscess, and 1 patient underwent an open biopsy. The sensitivity of the culture for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 66.80% (145/217) in our patients. Among the cases in which GeneXpert was used, the sensitivity for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 93.4% (43/46). Moreover, the sensitivity of GeneXpert to detect rifampicin resistance was 100% (7/7) in our study. Conclusions: Majority of the patients with tuberculosis of the spine can be diagnosed on the basis of a typical radiological presentation via MRI. In our study, 84.8% cases exhibited typical MRI findings. For patients presenting with atypical MRI features, a rapid and accurate diagnosis is possible by combining GeneXpert with MRI. The combined use of MRI and GeneXpert is a rapid and highly sensitive tool to diagnose tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in patients with tuberculosis of the spine. Furthermore, we achieved a 97.9% sensitivity for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 100% sensitivity for the detection of rifampicin resistance in our study.
Ayush, Otgonzaya,Lee, Chang-Hoon,Kim, Hae-Kyoung,Im, Suhn-Young,Cho, Baik-Hwan,Lee, Hern-Ku The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc 2013 The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol.133 No.3
L-glutamine (Gln) is a nonessential amino acid that is the most abundant amino acid in plasma. Gln has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory activity that involves deactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in a MAPK phosphatase (MKP)-1-dependent manner. This study investigated the role of Gln in the inhibition of DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis (CD) in the ears of mice, and specifically the involvement of Gln in p38 MAPK inhibition. Topical application of Gln or the p38 inhibitor, SB202190, suppressed DNFB-induced CD. Gln application inhibited DNFB-induced p38 phosphorylation. Western blot analysis revealed that Gln application resulted in early phosphorylation and protein induction of MKP-1. MKP-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA), but not control siRNA, abrogated Gln-mediated early phosphorylation, protein induction of MKP-1, deactivation of p38, and Gln-mediated suppression of CD. The extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, U0126, blocked Gln-induced MKP-1 phosphorylation and protein induction, as well as Gln suppression of CD. These results suggest that Gln suppresses DNFB-induced CD via deactivation of p38 MAPK through the early induction of MKP-1, the negative regulator of p38, in an ERK-dependent manner.
Ayush Chatterjee,Evlin Bosco,Srinivas Rajagopalan,Isaac M. Varghese,Raghavan Ramalingam 한국강구조학회 2024 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.24 No.2
Premature failure of transmission towers due to extreme weather conditions and inadequate design methods have severe socioeconomic implications. This study presents a state-of-the-art review of the research work related to failure of self-supported lattice steel transmission towers. Selected articles from literature were divided into broad categories namely—failure analysis techniques, joint slippage eff ects, retrofi tting and investigations of failure due to earthquakes and high intensity winds. The former three aspects mentioned above are chosen for review in this paper since the latter two are very broad aspects by themselves. A systematic literature review has been conducted based 76 research articles after fi ltering from reputed journals. Advanced analysis involving computational models based on nonlinear formulations and modern fi nite element software and their potential to reduce the need for full-scale prototype testing have been highlighted. A description of the studies available on retrofi tting techniques for transmission towers for intervention against impending tower failures—diaphragm and leg member retrofi tting techniques and studies on retrofi tting connections are also discussed. Key conclusions from the study that highlight the most useful fi ndings from the various studies, limitations of the current study and directions for future research have been established.
Sharma Ayush,Shakya Akash,Singh Vijay,Deepak Priyank,Mangale Nilesh,Jaiswal Ajay,Marathe Nandan 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.4
Study Design: A prospective comparative study. Purpose: To compare the incidence of unintended durotomy and return to work after open surgery versus minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS) for degenerative lumbar pathologies. Overview of Literature: The incidence of accidental durotomy varies between 0.3% and 35%. Most of these are from open surgeries, and only a handful of studies have involved the MIS approach. No single-center studies have compared open surgery with MIS, especially in the context of early return to work and dural tear (DT). Methods: This study included 420 operated cases of degenerative lumbar pathology with a prospective follow-up of at least 6 months. Patients were divided into the open surgery and MIS groups, and the incidences of DT, early return to work, and various demographic and operative factors were compared. Results: A total of 156 and 264 patients underwent MIS and open surgery, respectively. Incidental durotomy was documented in 52 cases (12.4%); this was significantly less in the MIS group versus the open surgery group (6.4% vs. 15.9%, p<0.05). In the open surgery group, four patients underwent revision for persistent dural leak or pseudomeningocele, but none of the cases in the MIS group had revision surgery due to DT-related complications. The incidence of DT was higher among patients with high body mass index, patients with diabetes mellitus, and patients who underwent revision surgery (p<0.05) regardless of the approach. The MIS group returned to work significantly earlier. Conclusions: MIS was associated with a significantly lower incidence of DT and earlier return to work compared with open surgery among patients with degenerative lumbar pathology.
Tsend-Ayush Enkhtsogt,YoungHwan Kim APEC국제교육협력원 2018 Asia-Pacific Cybereducation Journal Vol.14 No.2
Many countries around the world have been pursuing the mission to fulfill the right to education of persons with disabilities. The usage of ICT has been well recognized internationally as essential to foster education, access to information and knowledge, and assist in the learning and teaching process. Furthermore, ICT has the great potential to ensure inclusion for persons with disabilities. The Government of Mongolia has been making efforts toward ensuring inclusion. However, the integration of ICT in schools for students with disabilities still needs further development through proper ICT policy. Therefore, this study intended to formulate the major principles of ICT Policy for improving ICT integration in education to meet the needs of students with disabilities. In this study, the content analysis of 39 academic articles from the period of 2006-2018 has been conducted in order to identify the best practices from other countries and find the applicable ones to Mongolia. As a result of this study, 7 principles have been formulated to improve ICT integration in education for students with disabilities in Mongolia.
Khangai Ayush,Akada Junko,Saruuljavkhlan Batsaikhan,Gantuya Boldbaatar,Azzaya Dashdorj,Oyuntsetseg Khasag,Davaadorj Duger,Uchida Tomohisa,Matsumoto Takashi,Yamaoka Yoshio 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.1
Background/Aims: A latex agglutination turbidity (LA) assay to test for serum antibodies has been approved in Japan and Korea for mass screening of Helicobacter pylori infection. In this study, we evaluated the LA assay for diagnosing H. pylori infection and predicting gastric mucosal changes in a Mongolian population. Methods: In total, 484 individuals were classified into H. pylori-positive (n=356) and H. pylori-negative (n=128) groups, as determined by histology and H. pylori culture. Results: The best cutoff, sensitivity, and specificity values for the LA assay were 18.35 U/mL, 74.2%, and 65.6%, respectively. The LA values in the atrophic gastritis group were statistically higher than those in the other groups (healthy, chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer, p<0.0001). The cutoff value to distinguish the atrophic gastritis group from the other four groups was 32.0 U/mL, and its area under the curve was 0.673, which was the highest among the E-plate, pepsinogen (PG) I, PG II, and PG I/II ratio tests in our data. The odds ratios for atrophic gastritis determined by the LA assay and PG I test in multiple logistic regression were 2.5 and 1.9, respectively, which were significantly higher than for the other tests. Conclusions: The LA assay can determine the risk of atrophic gastritis, which in turn is a considerable risk factor for gastric cancer. We propose using this assay in combination with the PG I/II ratio to avoid missing gastric cancer patients who have a low LA value (less than 32.0 U/mL).