Tackling with Redundant Design Solutions Through Axiomatic Design

António M. Gonçalves-Coelho,Gabriela Neştian,Miguel Cavique,António Mourão 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Redundancy is a multifaceted issue that might be addressed according to the context, and Axiomatic Design (AD) is an appropriate approach to deal with it in engineering applications. According to the AD’s Independence Axiom, design solutions can be uncoupled, decoupled or coupled. Uncoupled and decoupled solutions are seen as “good design”, the uncoupled ones being the best, while coupled designs are regarded as “poor design”. Redundant designs belong to a special kind of designs, in which the number of design parameters is larger than the number of functional requirements. Such designs can also be uncoupled, decoupled or coupled and this paper provides a systematic way for identifying the good and the poor redundant design solutions, as well as some clues to help generating good redundant designs. The paper also delivers simple examples to illustrate diverse issues of redundant designs, and presents seven new theorems two new corollaries that help identifying and generating good redundant designs.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy for the assessment of early-stage nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced in rats by a high-fat diet

Antonio Carlos Soares Pantaleão,Marcio Pinto de Castro,Krishynan Shanty Fernandes Meirelles Araujo,Carlos Frederico Ferreira Campos,André Luiz Alves da Silva,José Eduardo Ferreira Manso,João Carlos Ma 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to diagnose the initial stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a rat model. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were allocated to control or experimental groups. A high-fat diet (HFD) with 20% fructose and 2% cholesterol, resembling a common Western diet, was fed to animals in the experimental groups for up to 16 weeks; those in the control group received a regular diet. A 21 MHz UBM system was used to acquire B-mode images at specific times: baseline (T0), 10 weeks (T10), and 16 weeks (T16). The sonographic hepatorenal index (SHRI), based on the average ultrasound image gray-level intensities from the liver parenchyma and right renal cortex, was determined at T0, T10, and T16. The liver specimen histology was classified using the modified Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network NAFLD activity scoring system. Results: The livers in the animals in the experimental groups progressed from sinusoidal congestion and moderate macro- and micro-vesicular steatosis to moderate steatosis and frequent hepatocyte ballooning. The SHRI obtained in the experimental group animals at T10 and T16 was significantly different from the SHRI of pooled control group. No significant difference existed between the SHRI in animals receiving HFD between T10 and T16.Conclusion: SHRI measurement using UBM may be a promising noninvasive tool to characterize early-stage NAFLD in rat models.

RC deep beams with unconventional geometries: Experimental and numerical analyses

Agno Alves Vieira,Guilherme Sales S.A. Melo,Antonio C.O. Miranda 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2020 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.26 No.4

This work presents numerical and experimental analyses of the behavior of reinforced-concrete deep beams with unconventional geometries. The main goal here is to experimentally and numerically study these geometries to find possible new behaviors due to the material nonlinearity of reinforced concrete with complex geometries. Usually, unconventional geometries result from innovative designs; in general, studies of reinforced concrete structures are performed only on conventional members such as beams, columns, and labs. To achieve the goal, four reinforced-concrete deep beams with geometries not addressed in the literature were tested. The models were numerically analyzed with the Adaptive Micro Truss Model (AMTM), which is the proposed method, to address new geometries. This work also studied the main parameters of the constitutive model of concrete based on a statistical analysis of the finite element (FE) results. To estimate the ultimate loads, FE simulations were performed using the Monte Carlo method. Based on the obtained ultimate loads, a probabilistic distribution was created, and the final ultimate loads were computed.

Correlation between short-term blood pressure variability parameters with mobil-O-graph pulse wave velocity

Marco Antonio Vieira Silva,Luiz Antonio Pertilli Rodrigues Resende,Mateus Marchiori Vieira,Camila Blanco Ferreira Jajah,Lucas Alves Berzotti,Nicole Cristine Rambourg,Ian Dias de Souza Pierson,João Luc 대한고혈압학회 2022 Clinical Hypertension Vol.28 No.-

Blood pressure variability (BPV) and arterial stiffness show an association with increased cardiovascular events. Evidences demonstrated an association between higher short-term systolic BPV and stiffer arteries. There is no previous study assessed the correlation between BPV and arterial stiffness measured by a Mobil-O-Graph device. We issued to evaluate the correlation between short-term BPV parameters and Mobil-O-Graph pulse wave velocity (PWV) among suspected hypertensive individuals under treatment.Mobil-O-Graph device estimated arterial stiffness (oscillometric PWV [oPWV]) in 649 individuals, and they recorded 24-h ambulatory BP; 428 had suspected hypertension and 221 under treatment. We analyzed the correlation between oPWV and measures of BPV: SD of 24 h BP (24-h SD), SD of daytime BP (daytime-SD), and SD of nighttime BP (nighttime-SD), weighted SD of 24-h BP (wSD), coefficient of variation of 24-h BP (CV 24-h) and average real variability (ARV). Oscillometric PWV showed a positive correlation with all systolic BPV measures, in both groups. Among suspected hypertensives: 24-h SD, r = 0.30; SD daytime-SD, r = 0.34; nighttime-SD, r = 0.16; wSD, r = 0.30; CV 24-h, r = 0.24; ARV, r = 0.22. In the treated individuals: 24-h SD, r = 0.46; daytime-SD, r = 0.47; nighttime-SD, r = 0.35; wSD, r = 0.50; CV 24-h, r = 0.43; ARV, r = 0.37, all P < 0.001. Diastolic BPV demonstrated association with some measures of BPV. In suspected hypertensive group: nighttime-SD, r = 0.13; wSD, r = 0.10, both P < 0.001. And in treated individuals: daytime-SD, r = 0.23; wSD, r = 0.22; CV 24-h, r = 0.19 (all P < 0.001), ARV, r = 0.15 ( P < 0.05). Systolic daytime-SD in suspected and diastolic CV 24-h in treated group independently predicted oPWV. We observed a positive and independent correlation between Mobil-O-Graph pulse wave velocity and BPV measures, strong to systolic BPV and weak to diastolic BP.

Experimental Evaluation of the Load Carrying Capacity of SFRC Flat Slabs Varying the Rectangularity Index of Columns

Vinicius Alves,Leonardo Oliveira,Antonio Santos,Leandro Trautwein 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.25 No.2

This work aims to evaluate the punching shear carrying capacity of flat slabs of reinforced concrete added with different amounts of steel fibers and varying the rectangularity index of columns under symmetrical loading. The addition of steel fiber provide higher load-carrying capacity. However, the column rectangularity index tends to lower that load-carrying capacity for magnitudes beyond 1.5 for the tested slabs. Nine models were tested with dimensions of 1,800 × 1,800 mm and 130 mm height varying the amount of added fiber (0, 50 and 60 kg/m) and the index of rectangularity (1.0, 1.5 e 2.0). From the results, the load carrying capacity, the vertical displacement, and the crack patterns were obtained. In addition, the results were compared with other similar studies and analytical models for steel fiber. The addition of steel fibers showed to be effective in increasing the punching shear load carrying capacity, it leads to a higher number of cracks and higher vertical displacements. Regarding the rectangularity index, for those tested slabs which was below 1.5, the load carrying capacity of punching shear of the slabs increases. However, for slabs above 1.5, it was observed that the punching shear load carrying capacity decreases.

Evaluation of periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with a spur

Tou Gabriel Antônio dos Anjos,Diniz Ivana Márcia Alves,Ferreira Marcus Vinicius Lucas,Mesquita Ricardo Alves de,Yamauti Mônica,Silva Tarcília Aparecida,Macari Soraia 대한치과교정학회 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.2

Objective: To evaluate clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with spurs. Methods: Twenty children with indications for interceptive orthodontic treatment, an anterior open bite, and good oral hygiene and periodontal health were included in this study. GCF samples were collected from the mandibular and maxillary central incisors before (baseline) and 24 hours and 7 days after spur bonding. Clinical and periodontal examinations and cytokine analyses were performed. Results: At 7 days after spur attachment, gingival bleeding in the mandibular group was increased relative to that in the maxillary group. Visible plaque was correlated with gingival bleeding at 7 days and the GCF volume at 24 hours after spur attachment. Compared with those at baseline, interleukin (IL)-8 levels in the maxillary group and IL-1β levels in both tooth groups increased at both 24 hours and 7 days and at 7 days, respectively. At 24 hours, IL-8, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were higher in the maxillary group than in the mandibular group. Cytokine production was positively correlated with increased GCF volume, but not with gingival bleeding, visible plaque, or probing depth. Conclusions: Although orthodontic treatment with spurs in children resulted in increased gingival bleeding around the mandibular incisors, IL levels were higher around the maxillary incisors and not correlated with periodontal parameters. Increased cytokine levels in GCF may be associated with the initial tooth movement during open bite correction with a passive orthodontic appliance in children.

An Overview on Cardamonin

Luís Moreira Gonçalves,Inês Maria Valente,José António Rodrigues 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.6

Cardamonin, as shown by the increasing number of publications, has received growing attention from the scientific community due to the expectations toward its benefits to human health. In this study, research on cardamonin is reviewed, including its natural sources, health promoting aspects, and analytical methods for its determination. Therefore, this article hopes to aid current and future researchers on the search for reliable answers concerning cardamonin’s value in medicine.

A Systematic Algorithm to Compute Hazardous Area Extent for Two-Phase Releases Based on an Improved Low-Dimensional (Simple) Dispersion Model

Anjos Deborah A.,Neto Antonio T. P.,Alves Jose J. N.,Junior Heleno B. S.,Silva Sidinei K.,Luiz Aurelio M.,Araujo Antonio C. B. 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.6

This contribution aims at systematically determining the extent of classifi ed areas in two-phase releases of pure components. To this end, a novel algorithm is proposed to ensure all proper steps are taken toward accurately computing the required properties of the resulting cloud. The intended framework is based on a refi ned one-dimensional dispersion model that accommodates (1) the infl uence of the vapor component on the energy balance of the two-phase jet model; (2) new decay constants to calculate velocity, concentration, and temperature profi les; (3) a new normalization ratio to compute the temperature along the centerline; and (4) a new correlation for the entrainment coeffi cient in the two-phase region. It was found that the entrainment coeffi cient ( 1 ) correlates linearly with the orifi ce Reynolds number ( Re e ), with a coeffi cient of determination R2 > 0.98 . Altogether, these modifi cations produced results that are in very good agreement with (scarce) experimental data available in the literature. The calculated release rates were only (on average) 9% off from measured data. The temperature profi les at the centerline compared well with the experimental data, with very small relative squared error RSE < 0.10 . The hope is that this simple algorithm can predict within reasonable precision the reach of the hazardous cloud in open fi eld situations. In particular, it was observed an average reduction of about 55% in the hazardous extent vis-à-vis the computations by the IEC 60079–10-1.

A rare case of Ewing sarcoma metastasis to the oral cavity

Schulz, Rieli Elis,de Lima, Matheus Henrique Alves,Lopes, Rodrigo Nascimento,Pinto, Clovis Antonio Lopes,Nicolau, Ulisses Ribaldo,Araujo, Juliane Piragine Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.2

Ewing sarcoma in the head and neck is rare, and metastasis from other bones to the mandible accounts for 0.7% of cases. This report presents a case of oral metastasis in a 24-year-old male patient diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma of the femur (p53 gene mutation and EWSR1-ERG fusion). The chief complaint was numbness in the mandible and pain for 1 month and a hardened, ulcerated exophytic lesion in the right retromolar region. Imaging exams revealed an unspecified thinning of the cortical bone of the inferior alveolar canal in the right mandibular ramus, associated with erosion of the alveolar bone. Histopathological analysis confirmed metastasis of Ewing sarcoma. The patient presented an aggressive disease progression and died 1 month after the oral diagnosis. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms compatible with rare clinical outcomes, leading to an early diagnosis that can improve patients' quality of life and survival.

Successful nonsurgical treatment of type II dens invaginatus with 5 root canals using a self-adjusting file: a case report

Candeiro George Táccio de Miranda,de Menezes Antônio Sérgio Teixeira,de Oliveira Ana Carolina Saldanha,Alves Flávio Rodrigues Ferreira 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.2

The present report describes the endodontic treatment of an Oehlers type II dens invaginatus in a maxillary lateral incisor with 5 root canals, an extremely rare condition. Apical periodontitis and related symptoms were noted. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to aid the diagnosis, reveal tooth morphology, and assist in canal location. The pulp chamber was carefully accessed, and the root canals were explored under magnification. All root canals were prepared with an R25 Reciproc Blue system and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation. After initial preparation, a self-adjusting file (SAF) with NaOCl and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was used to complement the disinfection. Additionally, calcium hydroxide medication was applied. Vertical compaction was used to fill the canals with a calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer and gutta-percha. After 12 months, the patient exhibited healing of the periapical region, absence of symptoms, and normal dental function. In conclusion, this nonsurgical treatment protocol was successful in promoting the cure of apical periodontitis. Both complementary disinfection with an SAF and use of calcium hydroxide medication should be considered when choosing the best treatment approach for dens invaginatus with very complex anatomy.