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Vithanage, Meththika,Bandara, Tharanga,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Abduljabbar, Adel,Usman, Adel R. A.,Ahmad, Mahtab,Ok, Yong Sik Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Communications in soil science and plant analysis Vol.49 No.5
<P>Woody biochars derived by pyrolyzing Gliricidia sepium at 300 degrees C and 500 degrees C and a waste byproduct of same biomass from a bioenergy industry (BC700) were tested for their effect on soil enzymes activities and available form of heavy metals in multi-metals contaminated soil. Pot experiments were conducted during 6 weeks with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) at biochar application rates, 1, 2.5, and 5% (w/w). A reduction in polyphenol oxidase with biochars produced at increasing pyrolysis temperature compared to the control whereas the maximum activity of dehydrogenase and catalase was observed in 1% BC500 and 2.5% BC300, respectively. Soil available form of Ni, Mn, and Cr were reduced by 55, 70% and 80% in 5% BC700 amended soil, respectively. The highest geometric mean of enzyme activities was observed in 2.5% BC300 treatment. Overall the application of high dosages of high temperature derived biochar masks/deteriorates soil enzyme activities but immobilizes bioavailable heavy metals and reduces toxicity.</P>
Herath, Indika,Iqbal, M. C. M.,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Abduljabbar, Adel,Ahmad, Mahtab,Usman, Adel R. A.,Sik Ok, Yong,Vithanage, Meththika Springer-Verlag 2017 Journal of soils and sediments Vol.17 No.3
<P>Pore diffusion, and adsorption via pi-pi electron donor-acceptor interactions were the primary mechanisms to be involved in the Cr retention in BC. Results suggested that the addition of BC to TWS reduces the mobility, bioavailability, and phytotoxicity of Cr in tomato plants.</P>
Ahmad, Mahtab,Lee, Sang Soo,Lee, Sung Eun,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Tsang, Daniel C. W.,Ok, Yong Sik Springer-Verlag 2017 Journal of soils and sediments Vol.17 No.3
<P>It is noteworthy that the application of biochars is not equally effective in immobilizing metals or mobilizing metalloids in different soils. We should apply biochar to multi-metal contaminated soil with great caution and tailor biochar production for achieving desired outcome and avoiding adverse impact on soil ecosystem.</P>
Poulose, Anesh Manjaly,Elnour, Ahmed Yagoub,Anis, Arfat,Shaikh, Hamid,Al-Zahrani, S.M.,George, Justin,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Usman, Adel R.,Ok, Yong Sik,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Sarmah, Ajit K. Elsevier 2018 The Science of the total environment Vol.619 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The application of biochar (BC) as a filler in polymers can be viewed as a sustainable approach that incorporates pyrolysed waste based value-added material and simultaneously mitigate bio-waste in a smart way. The overarching aim of this work was to investigate the electrical, mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of biocomposite developed by utilizing date palm waste-derived BC for the reinforcing of polypropylene (PP) matrix. Date palm waste derived BC prepared at (700 and 900°C) were blended at different proportions with polypropylene and the resultant composites (BC/PP) were characterized using an array of techniques (scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy). Additionally the thermal, mechanical, electrical and rheological properties of the BC/PP composites were evaluated at different loading of BC content (from 0 to15% w/w). The mechanical properties of BC/PP composites showed an improvement in the tensile modulus while that of electrical characterization revealed an enhanced electrical conductivity with increased BC loading. Although the BC incorporation into the PP matrix has significantly reduced the total crystallinity of the resulted composites, however; a positive effect on the crystallization temperature (T<SUB>c</SUB>) was observed. The rheological characterization of BC/PP composites revealed that the addition of BC had minimal effect on the storage modulus (G′) compared to the neat (PP).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Date palm waste derived biochar was used as filler for polymer composites' applications. </LI> <LI> Biochar/polypropylene (BC/PP) composites' properties such as electrical, mechanical, thermal and rheological were investigated. </LI> <LI> The BC/PP composites' surface resistivity was decreased by four orders of magnitude. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Idrees, Muhammad,Batool, Saima,Ullah, Hidayat,Hussain, Qaiser,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Ahmad, Mahtab,Hussain, Amjad,Riaz, Muhammad,Ok, Yong Sik,Kong, Jie Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.266 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the present investigation, poultry manure and farmyard manure-derived biochars were applied as cost-effective adsorbents for manganese (Mn) removal from aqueous media. Effects of functional parameters such as solution pH, contact time, temperature and concentration on the Mn removal efficiency of biochars were evaluated. Poultry manure-derived biochar exhibited greater adsorption efficiency than farmyard manure-derived biochar due to its porosity and surface functionality. The maximum adsorption was achieved at pH 6, temperature 298 K and contact time of 3 h. The adsorption isotherm data was well fitted to the Freundlich model indicating multilayer adsorption onto heterogeneous surfaces of the biochars. Thermodynamics calculations affirmed that Mn adsorption onto biochars was spontaneous and exothermic process governed by hydrogen bonding type of electrostatic interaction. Post-adsorption spectroscopic analysis of Mn-loaded biochars evidenced the binding of Mn with active surface functionalities of biochars.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biochar, a by-product of pyrolysis, was prepared as a low cost adsorbent precursor. </LI> <LI> Effect of derived biochars on Manganese removal efficiency was investigated. </LI> <LI> FBC and PBC characteristics were analyzed. </LI> <LI> Langmuir and Freundlich models were used for equilibrium modeling. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Animal carcass burial management: implications for sustainable biochar use
Vithanage Meththika,Mayakaduwage S. S.,Gunarathne Viraj,Rajapaksha Anushka Upamali,Ahmad Mahtab,Abduljabbar Adel,Usman Adel,Al-Wabel Mohammad I.,Ippolito James A.,Ok Yong Sik 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.6
This review focuses on existing technologies for carcass and corpse disposal and potential alternative treatment strategies. Furthermore, key issues related to these treatments (e.g., carcass and corpse disposal events, available methods, performances, and limitations) are addressed in conjunction with associated environmental impacts. Simultaneously, various treatment technologies have been evaluated to provide insights into the adsorptive removal of specific pollutants derived from carcass disposal and management. In this regard, it has been proposed that a low-cost pollutant sorbent may be utilized, namely, biochar. Biochar has demonstrated the ability to remove (in)organic pollutants and excess nutrients from soils and waters; thus, we identify possible biochar uses for soil and water remediation at carcass and corpse disposal sites. To date, however, little emphasis has been placed on potential biochar use to manage such disposal sites. We highlight the need for strategic efforts to accurately assess biochar effectiveness when applied towards the remediation of complex pollutants produced and circulated within carcass and corpse burial systems.
Correction to: Determining soil quality in urban agricultural regions by soil enzyme-based index
Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani,Farooq, Muhammad,Kim, Kye-Hoon,Lee, Young-Han,Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Lee, Sang Soo,Ok, Yong Sik Springer-Verlag 2018 Environmental geochemistry and health Vol.40 No.1
Kumarathilaka, Prasanna,Ahmad, Mahtab,Herath, Indika,Mahatantila, Kushani,Athapattu, B.C.L.,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Ok, Yong Sik,Usman, Adel,Al-Wabel, Mohammad I.,Abduljabbar, Adel,Vithanage, Meththika Elsevier 2018 The Science of the total environment Vol.625 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Presence of organic and inorganic acids influences the release rates of trace metals (TMs) bound in contaminated soil systems. This study aimed to investigate the influence of bioenergy waste biochar, derived from <I>Gliricidia sepium</I> (GBC), on the proton and ligand-induced bioavailability of Pb and Cu in a shooting range soil (17,066mg Pb and 1134mg Cu per kg soil) in the presence of inorganic (sulfuric, nitric, and hydrochloric) and organic acids (acetic, citric, and oxalic). Release rates of Pb and Cu in the shooting range soil were determined under different acid concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10mM) and in the presence/absence of GBC (10% by weight of soil). The dissolution rates of Pb and Cu increased with increasing acid concentrations. Lead was preferentially released (2.79×10<SUP>−13</SUP> to 8.86×10<SUP>−13</SUP> molm<SUP>−2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>) than Cu (1.07×10<SUP>−13</SUP> to 1.02×10<SUP>−13</SUP> molm<SUP>−2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>) which could be due to the excessive Pb concentrations in soil. However, the addition of GBC to soil reduced Pb and Cu dissolution rates to a greater extent of 10.0 to 99.5% and 15.6 to 99.5%, respectively, under various acid concentrations. The increased pH in the medium and different adsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic attractions, surface diffusion, ion exchange, precipitation, and complexation could immobilize Pb and Cu released by the proton and ligands in GBC amended soil. Overall, GBC could be utilized as an effective soil amendment to immobilize Pb and Cu in shooting range soil even under the influence of soil acidity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Presence of protons and ligands in soil increased the bioavailability of Pb and Cu. </LI> <LI> Biochar reduced Pb and Cu release rates to 99.5%. </LI> <LI> Electrostatic attraction and complexation to biochar could immobilize Pb and Cu. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>