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Final report on force key comparison CCM.F-K2.a and CCM.F-K2.b (50 kN and 100 kN)
Vincke, William,Zhimin, Zhang,Pusa, Aimo,Averlant, Philippe,Kumme, Rolf,Germak, Alessandro,Ueda, Kazunaga,Park, Yon-Kyu,Torres, Jorge,Burke, Ben,Langmead, Fredrik,Fank, Sinan,Knott, Andy,Bartel, Tom Springer-Verlag 2012 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.49 No.-
<P>This report describes CIPM key comparison CCM.F-K2, a comparison between the deadweight force standard machines of fourteen National Measurement Institutes, at generated forces of 50 kN and 100 kN, in the period from 2004 to 2007. Two different measurement schemes were employed, one for machines capable of generating both 50 kN and 100 kN and the other using the single force of 50 kN, for machines of a lower maximum capacity than 100 kN. Multiple transducers were used and the force–time profile was strictly controlled, to minimize effects of creep. Analysis of the results took careful account of the drift of the transducers' sensitivities throughout the comparison period, as this was one of the major uncertainty contributions. The final results suggest that the nominal 50 kN forces generated at four of the fourteen laboratories (and the 100 kN forces at two of them) may be statistically significantly different from the same nominal forces generated at the other laboratories.</P><P>Main text.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.</P><P>The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).</P>
Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahn, S.U.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S.N.,Aleksandrov, D.,Alessandro, B.,Alexand North-Holland Pub. Co 2017 Physics letters. Section B Vol.768 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The first study of <I>ϕ</I>-meson production in p–Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy <SUB> s NN </SUB> = 5.02 TeV , has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The <I>ϕ</I>-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum ( <SUB> p T </SUB> ) range 1 < <SUB> p T </SUB> < 7 GeV / c , both in the p-going ( 2.03 < y < 3.53 ) and the Pb-going ( − 4.46 < y < − 2.96 ) directions — where <I>y</I> stands for the rapidity in the nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass — the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01 ± 0.19 <SUP> nb − 1 </SUP> and 5.81 ± 0.20 <SUP> nb − 1 </SUP> , respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward–backward ratio for <I>ϕ</I>-meson production is measured for 2.96 < | y | < 3.53 , resulting in a ratio ∼0.5 with no significant <SUB> p T </SUB> dependence within the uncertainties. The <SUB> p T </SUB> dependence of the <I>ϕ</I> nuclear modification factor <SUB> R pPb </SUB> exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at <SUB> p T </SUB> = 3 – 4 GeV / c in the Pb-going direction. The <SUB> p T </SUB> dependence of the <I>ϕ</I>-meson cross section in pp collisions at s = 2.76 TeV , which is used to determine a reference for the p–Pb results, is also presented here for 1 < <SUB> p T </SUB> < 5 GeV / c and 2.5 < y < 4 , for a 78 ± 3 <SUP> nb − 1 </SUP> integrated luminosity sample.</P>
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Rinella, G. Aglieri,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Ahn, S. A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Aki Springer-Verlag 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.4
<P>The multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons have been measured at forward rapidities (2.3 < eta < 3.9) in proton-proton collisions at three center-of-mass energies, root s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV using the ALICE detector. It is observed that the increase in the average photon multiplicity as a function of beam energy is compatible with both a logarithmic and a power-law dependence. The relative increase in average photon multiplicity produced in inelastic pp collisions at 2.76 and 7 TeV center-of-mass energies with respect to 0.9 TeV are 37.2 +/- 0.3% (stat) +/- 8.8% (sys) and 61.2 +/- 0.3% (stat) +/- 7.6% (sys), respectively. The photon multiplicity distributions for all center-of-mass energies are well described by negative binomial distributions. The multiplicity distributions are also presented in terms of KNO variables. The results are compared to model predictions, which are found in general to underestimate the data at large photon multiplicities, in particular at the highest center-of-mass energy. Limiting fragmentation behavior of photons has been explored with the data, but is not observed in the measured pseudorapidity range.</P>
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmad Masoodi, A.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Ahn, S. A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akind Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2014 European Physical Journal C Vol.74 No.8
<P>The inclusive production cross sections at forward rapidity of [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION](1S) and [FORMULA OMISSION](2S) are measured in [FORMULA OMISSION] collisions at [FORMULA OMISSION] with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.35 pb[FORMULA OMISSION]. Quarkonia are reconstructed in the dimuon-decay channel and the signal yields are evaluated by fitting the [FORMULA OMISSION] invariant mass distributions. The differential production cross sections are measured as a function of the transverse momentum [FORMULA OMISSION] and rapidity [FORMULA OMISSION], over the ranges [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/c for [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/c for all other resonances and for [FORMULA OMISSION]. The measured cross sections integrated over [FORMULA OMISSION] and [FORMULA OMISSION], and assuming unpolarized quarkonia, are: [FORMULA OMISSION] [FORMULA OMISSION]b, [FORMULA OMISSION] [FORMULA OMISSION]b, [FORMULA OMISSION] nb and [FORMULA OMISSION] nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second one is systematic. The results are compared to measurements performed by other LHC experiments and to theoretical models.</P>
Measurement of PromptD-Meson Production inp−PbCollisions atsNN=5.02 TeV
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Ahn, S. A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Aki American Physical Society 2014 Physical Review Letters Vol.113 No.23
Freeze-out radii extracted from three-pion cumulants in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S.U.,Ahn, S.A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S.N.,A Elsevier 2014 Physics letters: B Vol.739 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In high-energy collisions, the spatio-temporal size of the particle production region can be measured using the Bose–Einstein correlations of identical bosons at low relative momentum. The source radii are typically extracted using two-pion correlations, and characterize the system at the last stage of interaction, called kinetic freeze-out. In low-multiplicity collisions, unlike in high-multiplicity collisions, two-pion correlations are substantially altered by background correlations, e.g. mini-jets. Such correlations can be suppressed using three-pion cumulant correlations. We present the first measurements of the size of the system at freeze-out extracted from three-pion cumulant correlations in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC with ALICE. At similar multiplicity, the invariant radii extracted in p–Pb collisions are found to be 5–15% larger than those in pp, while those in Pb–Pb are 35–55% larger than those in p–Pb. Our measurements disfavor models which incorporate substantially stronger collective expansion in p–Pb as compared to pp collisions at similar multiplicity.</P>
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Rinella, G. Aglieri,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Ahn, S. A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Aki Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.1
<P>The production of the strange and double-strange baryon resonances ([FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION]) has been measured at mid-rapidity ([FORMULA OMISSION][FORMULA OMISSION]) in proton–proton collisions at [FORMULA OMISSION] [FORMULA OMISSION] 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Transverse momentum spectra for inelastic collisions are compared to QCD-inspired models, which in general underpredict the data. A search for the [FORMULA OMISSION] pentaquark, decaying in the [FORMULA OMISSION] channel, has been carried out but no evidence is seen.</P>
Measurement of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavor hadron decays inppcollisions ats=2.76 TeV
Abelev, B.,Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Agnello, M.,Agostinelli, A.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Ahn, S. A.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S. American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.1
<P>The p(T)-differential production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of heavy-flavor hadrons has been measured at midrapidity in proton-proton collisions at root s = 2.76 TeV in the transverse momentum range 0.5 < p(T) < 12 GeV/c with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis was performed using minimum bias events and events triggered by the electromagnetic calorimeter. Predictions from perturbative QCD calculations agree with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties.</P>
Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Rinella, G. Aglieri,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S. U.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S. N.,Aleksandrov, D.,Alessandr Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.5
<P>The measurement of primary [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION] and [FORMULA OMISSION] production at mid-rapidity ([FORMULA OMISSION] 0.5) in proton–proton collisions at [FORMULA OMISSION][FORMULA OMISSION] 7 TeV performed with a large ion collider experiment at the large hadron collider (LHC) is reported. Particle identification is performed using the specific ionisation energy-loss and time-of-flight information, the ring-imaging Cherenkov technique and the kink-topology identification of weak decays of charged kaons. Transverse momentum spectra are measured from 0.1 up to 3 GeV/[FORMULA OMISSION] for pions, from 0.2 up to 6 GeV/[FORMULA OMISSION] for kaons and from 0.3 up to 6 GeV/[FORMULA OMISSION] for protons. The measured spectra and particle ratios are compared with quantum chromodynamics-inspired models, tuned to reproduce also the earlier measurements performed at the LHC. Furthermore, the integrated particle yields and ratios as well as the average transverse momenta are compared with results at lower collision energies.</P>
Measurement of jet suppression in central Pb–Pb collisions at <sub> s NN </sub> = 2.76 TeV
Adam, J.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmed, I.,Ahn, S.U.,Aimo, I.,Aiola, S.,Ajaz, M.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S.N.,Aleksandrov, D.,Alessandro, North-Holland Pub. Co 2015 Physics letters. Section B Vol.746 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The transverse momentum ( <SUB> p T </SUB> ) spectrum and nuclear modification factor ( <SUB> R AA </SUB> ) of reconstructed jets in 0–10% and 10–30% central Pb–Pb collisions at <SUB> s NN </SUB> = 2.76 TeV were measured. Jets were reconstructed using the anti- <SUB> k T </SUB> jet algorithm with a resolution parameter of R = 0.2 from charged and neutral particles, utilizing the ALICE tracking detectors and Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). The jet <SUB> p T </SUB> spectra are reported in the pseudorapidity interval of | <SUB> η jet </SUB> | < 0.5 for 40 < <SUB> p T , jet </SUB> < 120 GeV / c in 0–10% and for 30 < <SUB> p T , jet </SUB> < 100 GeV / c in 10–30% collisions. Reconstructed jets were required to contain a leading charged particle with <SUB> p T </SUB> > 5 GeV / c to suppress jets constructed from the combinatorial background in Pb–Pb collisions. The leading charged particle requirement applied to jet spectra both in pp and Pb–Pb collisions had a negligible effect on the <SUB> R AA </SUB> . The nuclear modification factor <SUB> R AA </SUB> was found to be 0.28 ± 0.04 in 0–10% and 0.35 ± 0.04 in 10–30% collisions, independent of <SUB> p T , jet </SUB> within the uncertainties of the measurement. The observed suppression is in fair agreement with expectations from two model calculations with different approaches to jet quenching.</P>