[BMIM]Cl-nAlCl3 ionic liquid-catalyzed redistribution reaction between methyltrichlorosilane and low-boiling residue to dimethyldichlorosilane

Aili Wang,Yiqian Jiang,Weiguang Chen,Yanjun Liu,Yutang Shen,Tingshun Jiang,Zhanao Wu,Hengbo Yin 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.1

Methyltrichlorosilane and low-boiling residue from the synthesis of methylchlorosilanes via the direct reaction of silicon and methyl chloride were effectively converted to high-valued dimethyldichlorosilane catalyzed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate, [BMIM]Cl-nAlCl3, ionic liquid catalysts. The yield of dimethyldichlorosilane reached 69.1% when the redistribution reaction between methyltrichlorosilane and low-boiling residue was catalyzed by [BMIM]Cl-6AlCl3 at a reaction temperature of 150 8C for 300 min. The conversion of methyltrichlorosilane was 87.8%. And the conversions of tetramethylsilane, methylhydrodichlorosilane, and dimethylhydrochlorosilane present in low-boiling residue were ca. 100%, respectively. The ionic liquids could be recycled efficiently. This research provided an eco-friendly and economical route for the treatment of methyltrichlorosilane and low-boiling residue, which were the by-products in the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes. The possible reaction route was also discussed.

A Novel Image Superresolution Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Sparse Representation

Aili Wang,Xinyuan Wang,Yuji Iwahori,Yuan Feng,Na Jiang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.6

Superresolution image reconstruction technique uses single or a series of low-resolution images to reconstruct a high resolution image without changing the hardware devices, while improving image quality and the spatial resolution of the image. High resolution means the image with a higher pixel density, can provide more details. In this paper, a novel image superresolution algorithm based on sparse representation is studied. During over-complete dictionary of the training phase, the proposed method improves two aspects including feature extraction and dimension reduction. In the feature extraction process, combining the second derivative with the gradient direction, we construct a new descent direction to improve gradient method. The convergence speed of the new algorithm is faster than the gradient method and can get better results. Then improved two-dimensional Principal Component Analysis (2DPCA) algorithm is used to reduce the dimension, it could eliminate the correlation of the image lines and column. Experiment results show that this method of image reconstruction is better and faster for high resolution image reconstruction.

문화용어의 중국어 번역 실태조사 및 번역 방안 연구

김혜림,장애리,강려영 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2016 T&I review Vol.6 No.-

To date, the cultural terms has been translated without an agreed standards, and as results there has emerged certain translation issues, such as various translation terms in different public sectors which are actually the same words in original language. The first goal of this study is to investigate the problematic phenomena in public sector’s works in translating the cultural terms. The second goal of this study is to propose translation solutions to address the problems identified. For achieving these goals mentioned above, this study surveyed total of nine websites from public sector and private sector, and extracted cultural terms and its translations as a database. And then this study analyzed the database in terms of quality and quantity ways and classified as well as proposed an appropriate translation solutions.

Gas phase dehydration of glycerol catalyzed by rutile TiO_2-supported heteropolyacids

Lingqin Shen,Aili Wang,Hengbo Yin,Yonghai Feng,Longbao Yu,Tingshun Jiang,Yutang Shen,Zhanao Wu,박은덕 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3

Gas phase dehydration of glycerol catalyzed by the rutile TiO2-supported heteropolyacids was investigated. The TiO_2-supported heteropolyacid catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method using silicotungstic, phosphotungstic, and phosphomolybdic acids as active compounds. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy,temperature programmed desorption of ammonia, and surface area measurement. The heteropolyacids supported by rutile TiO_2 were crystallites. The catalytic activity of the catalysts in the gas phase dehydration of glycerol was significantly affected by the type and loading of heteropolyacids. TiO_2-supported silicotungstic acid (20 wt.%) catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity with an acrolein selectivity of 80 mol% at a conversion of glycerol of 99% and a reaction temperature of 280 8C under ambient pressure. The possible reaction route in the gas phase dehydration of glycerol catalyzed by the TiO_2-supported heteropolyacid catalysts was also discussed briefly.

Oxidation of cyclopentene catalyzed by phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salt catalysts

Jinjuan Xue,Aili Wang,Jingbo Wang,Dongzhi Zhang,Weiguang Chen,Longbao Yu,Tingshun Jiang,Hengbo Yin 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.2

A series of phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salts, Q3 (PW12O40) and Q3(PW4O16) [Q = (C5H5)N+(C16H33), (C16H33)N+(CH3)3, (C4H9)4N+, and (CH3)4N+], were used as the catalysts in oxidation of cyclopentene. The catalysts [(C5H5)N(C16H33)]3(PW4O16) and [(C16H33)N(CH3)3]3(PW4O16) showed high catalytic activity in the selective oxidation of cyclopentene while using H2O2 (50%) as an oxidant and 2-propanol as a solvent. The oxidation products mainly consisted of glutaraldehyde, cis-1,2-cyclopentanediol and trans-1,2-cyclopentanediol. The above-mentioned two catalysts were dissolved completely in the reaction medium during the catalysis process and precipitated themselves from the reaction system after reaction, showing the characteristics of reaction-controlled phase-transfer catalysis. The types of quaternary ammonium cations and the phosphotungstic anions in phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salts affected catalytic activity.

Methylation of methyltrichlorosilane with methyl chloride over active metals and activated carbon

Yanjun Liu,Yiqian Jiang,Weiguang Chen,Yutang Shen,Yonghai Feng,Lingqin Shen,Aili Wang,Tingshun Jiang,Zhanao Wu 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.12

Gas phase methylation of methyltrichlorosilane with methyl chloride to high-valued dimethyldichlorosilane was carried out by using metallic aluminum as a chlorine acceptor in the co-presence of activated carbon, tin, and zinc. The addition of activated carbon in metallic aluminum significantly enhanced the methylation of methyltrichlorosilane,and dimethyldichlorosilane was dominantly produced. Activated carbon played a catalyst role in the methylation reaction. When active metals, such as tin and zinc, were added in the mixture of aluminum and activated carbon,the active metals and activated carbon synergistically catalyzed the methylation of methyltrichlorosilane with methyl chloride toward the formation of dimethyldichlorosilane.

Comparison of the activities of photosystem II of four table grapevine cultivars during high-temperature stress

Qian Zha,Xiaojun Xi,Aili Jiang,Yihua Tian 한국원예학회 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.3

High-temperature stress influences the growth and development of grapevines, and plant responses to this stress vary between laboratory and natural conditions. In the present study, the responses to high-temperature stress in four grapevine cultivars (‘Summer Black’, ‘Zuijinxiang’, ‘Hupei1#’, and ‘Shenfeng’) were studied by comparing chlorophyll a fluorescence and the levels of heat-shock protein 21 (HSP21) after exposure to control (35 °C in controlled laboratory conditions or at 37 °C in a greenhouse with naturally fluctuating temperatures) and high-temperature stress treatments (45 °C in laboratory conditions or 42 °C in the field conditions). Leaf water loss in ‘Summer Black’ was less than that in the three other cultivars after treatment at 45 °C. Some parameters (ΨEo, Wk, RCQA, and Mo) of photosystem II (PSII) activity were altered in ‘Shenfeng’, ‘Zuijinxiang’, and ‘Hupei1#’, but were unaltered in ‘Summer Black’ after treatment at 45 °C. Other parameters (maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), performance index on absorption basis (PIABS), ΦPo, ΦEo, and HSP21 levels) were altered in ‘Summer Black’, but to a lesser extent than in the three other cultivars under high-temperature stress. Unlike ‘Summer Black’, extreme injury owing to leaf water loss to ‘Shenfeng’, ‘Zuijinxiang’, and ‘Hupei1#’ could be explained by disruption of PSII activity. Furthermore, there were the observed differences in PSII activity between in laboratory and field conditions, which could be considered as the mechanisms for high-temperature acclimation and other environment factors.

Comparative mitochondrial genomics and phylogenetics among species of the Oriental dobsonfly genus Neoneuromus van der Weele, 1909 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)

Tu Yuezheng,Lin Aili,Jiang Yunlan,Liu Xingyue 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.4

The dobsonfly genus Neoneuromus van der Weele, 1909 represents one of the megalopteran lineages with large body-size, and comprises 13 species all endemic to the Oriental region. In the present study, the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of 12 species of this genus were determined and analyzed for the first time. The mitogenome of the genus-type, Neoneuromus fenestralis (McLachlan, 1869), as a representative of these conge neric species, is herein described in detail. All of the mitogenomes of Neoneuromus are composed of 37 encoded genes and a control region. The evolutionary rates of the protein coding genes (PCGs) of the 13 species of Neoneuromus as well as different genera of Corydalinae are estimated. All the transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) have the typical clover-leaf secondary structure except trnS1 (AGN). Interspecific relationships within Neoneuromus were reconstructed based on different datasets generated from mitogenomic sequences. Our results indicate that tRNA and ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) of Neoneuromus species contribute phylogenetic signal when being concatenated with the PCGs, thus should be kept during phylogenetic analysis. The results sheds light on un derstanding the evolution of these aquatic and predatory insects.

Catalytic chlorination of methylphenyldichlorosilane with gaseous chlorine to chlorinated methylphenyldichlorosilanes over Lewis acids

Yujun Fu,Hengbo Yin,Yiqian Jiang,Lingqin Shen,Yonghai Feng,Aili Wang 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.3

Methylchlorophenyldichlorosilane (MeClPhSiCl2) and methyldichlorophenyldichlorosilane (MeCl2Ph-SiCl2) were synthesized by the catalytic chlorination of methylphenyldichlorosilane (MePhSiCl2) withCl2 over Lewis acid catalysts. The catalytic activities of Lewis acid catalysts were in an order ofFeCl3 > SbCl5 > AlCl3 > SnCl4. However, FeCl3 also highly catalyzed the cleavage of chlorophenyl–siliconbond to form chlorobenzene. At a low mole ratio of SbCl5 to MePhSiCl2 of 1.4 × 10-5:0.45, the yield ofMeClPhSiCl2 was around 60% after reacting at 25–100 8C for 15–20 h. At a high mole ratio of1.4 × 10-4:0.45, the yield of MeCl2PhSiCl2 reached 44% after reacting at 80–100℃ for 20 h.

Acylation of salicylamide to 5-acetylsalicylamide using ionic liquids as dual catalyst and solvent

Weiguang Chen,Yunsheng Zhang,Zhangzhun Lu,Aili Wang,Yutang Shen,Tingshun Jiang,Longbao Yu,Hengbo Yin 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.5

The Lewis acidic ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate ([BMIM]Cl-nAlCl3) and Nbutylpyridinium chloroaluminate ([BPy]Cl-nAlCl3), were used as both catalyst and solvent in Friedel–Crafts acylation of salicylamide with acetyl chloride to 5-acetylsalicylamide. The Lewis acidic ionic liquids, substituting for the conventional carcinogenic nitrobenzene solvent and anhydrous AlCl3catalyst, showed excellent catalytic activity in the acylation of salicylamide to 5-acetylsalicylamide. When [BMIM]Cl-2AlCl3 was used as the catalyst, the yield of 5-acetylsalicylamide reached 81.3%. When [BPy]-2AlCl3 was used as the catalyst, the maximum yield of 5-acetylsalicylamide was 89.2%. The content of AlCl3 and the structure of the cations in the ionic liquids had synergistic effect on the acylation reaction. 2010 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.