Larvicidal and pupicidal activities of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil, trans‐anethole and fenchone against house fly Musca domestica and their inhibitory effect on acetylcholinestrase

Abdel‐Baki Abdel‐Azeem S.,Aboelhadid Shawky M.,Sokmen Atalay,Al‐Quraishy Saleh,Hassan Ahmed O.,Kamel Asmaa A. 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.11

The present study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of different concentrations of Foeniculum vulgare and two of its components, trans-anethole and fenchone, against the different stages of Musca domestica. The tested concentrations were applied through a residual film method and topical application on larvae and pupae respectively. Trans-anethole achieved the best results against larvae when compared with those of the fennel or fenchone with LC50 values of 0.58%, 1.57%, and 17.22%, respectively. Moreover, tans-anethole killed 100% of larvae at concentration of 2.5% and fennel achieved the same effect at concentration of 10%, meanwhile fenchone did not reach such an effect at any of the tested concentrations. At the concentration of 10%, fennel oil and trans-anethole induced morphological deformation in the dead larvae such as shrunk bodies with dark colored integument. Regarding the pupicidal activity, fennel oil showed percentage inhibition rate (PIR) of 100% at the concentration of 10% while the same effect was achieved by trans-anethole at concentration of 5%. On the contrary, fenchone did not show any pupicidal activity. Treatment of the third instar house fly larvae with LC5o of fennel oil, trans-anethole, and fenchone significantly inhibited the acetylcholinestrase (AchE) when compared with the control untreated larvae. Additionally, the glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production significantly increased in the larvae treated with trans-anethole. The results of the present study indicate that the insecticidal activity of fennel oil was mainly attributed to the presence of trans-anethole as a major constituent.

Experimental study of biomass combustion and separation using vertical cyclone combustor

Ahmed Gharib,Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman,Mohamed Shehata 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.11

The present work is devoted to study experimentally the effect of the vortex finder length to the cyclone height ratio (S/H), the air flow rate, and the biomass particles (diameters, feeding flow rates, and type) on the separation efficiency of the cyclone in cold tests. Results from the cold tests were taken as a base of the combustion tests in order to identify the optimum operating conditions. In addition, the combustion characteristics of the cyclone were studied. The experimental results showed that, by increasing the air flow rate, the biomass particles diameter and decreasing the biomass feeding flow rate, the separation efficiency increased. Also, by increasing the vortex finder length to the cyclone height ratio (S/H) the separation efficiency increased for vortex finder ratios greater than 8 % up to 16 % where the separation efficiency reached its maximum value. After that, the separation efficiency started to decrease by further increase of the vortex finder ratio. It is worth stating that, the fine biomass particles gave lower separation efficiency than the coarse particles at whole ranges of feeding flow rates. For all particles diameters, the maximum centerline axial temperatures were obtained at the top of the cyclone. For coarse particles diameters, the centerline axial temperature started to decrease until axial distance of y/D = 3. After that, the centerline axial temperature increased slightly until the exit of the cyclone. For fine particles diameters the centerline axial temperature decreased until the bottom of the cyclone. Finally, the combustion of LPG and biomass fuel mixture revealed higher values of radial temperatures than those obtained from the combustion of the LPG only at the same thermal load.

Assessment of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters of Hepatic Parenchyma for Differentiation of Biliary Atresia from Alagille Syndrome

Abdel Razek Ahmed Abdel Khalek,Abdalla Ahmed,Elfar Reda,Ashmalla Germeen Albair,Ali Khadiga,Barakat Tarik 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.12

Objective: To assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of the hepatic parenchyma for the differentiation of biliary atresia (BA) from Alagille syndrome (ALGS). Materials and Methods: This study included 32 infants with BA and 12 infants with ALGS groups who had undergone DTI. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of the liver were calculated twice by two separate readers and hepatic tissue was biopsied. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the mean values of the two groups. The optimum cut-off values for DTI differentiation of BA and ALGS were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: The mean hepatic MD of BA (1.56 ± 0.20 and 1.63 ± 0.2 x 10-3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of ALGS (1.84 ± 0.04 and 1.79 ± 0.03 x 10-3 mm2/s) for both readers (r = 0.8, p = 0.001). Hepatic MD values of 1.77 and 1.79 x 10-3 mm2/s as a threshold for differentiating BA from ALGS showed accuracies of 82 and 79% and area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.90 and 0.91 for both readers, respectively. The mean hepatic FA of BA (0.34 ± 0.04 and 0.36 ± 0.04) was significantly higher (p = 0.01, 0.02) than that of ALGS (0.30 ± 0.06 and 0.31 ± 0.05) for both readers (r = 0.80, p = 0.001). FA values of 0.30 and 0.28 as a threshold for differentiating BA from ALGS showed accuracies of 75% and 82% and AUCs of 0.69 and 0.68 for both readers, respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic DTI parameters are promising quantitative imaging parameters for the detection of hepatic parenchymal changes in BA and ALGS and may be an additional noninvasive imaging tool for the differentiation of BA from ALGS.

Radiological hazards assessment associated with granitoid rocks in Egypt

Abdel Gawad Ahmed E.,Masoud Masoud S.,Khandaker Mayeen Uddin,Hanfi Mohamed Y. 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.6

The present study aimed to assess the radioactive hazards associated with the application of granitoid rocks in building materials. An HPGe spectrometer was used to detect the levels of the radioactive elements uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40 in the granitoid rocks. The results showed that the levels of these elements were lower (38.32 < 33 Bq kg 1), comparable (47.19–45 Bq kg-1) and higher (992.26 ≫> 412 Bq kg 1) than the worldwide limits for 238U, 232Th, and 40K concentration, respectively. The exposure to gamma radiation of granitoid rocks was studied by various radiological hazard variables like the absorbed dose rate (Dair), the outdoor and indoor annual effective dose (AEDout and AEDin), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). A variety of statistical methods, including Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used, to study the relationship between the radioactive elements and the radiological hazards. According to statistical analysis, the main radioactive risk of granitoid rocks is contributed to by the elements uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40. Granitoid rocks can be applied in building materials, but under control to prevent risk to the public.

Ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block versus transmuscular quadratus lumborum block for post-operative analgesia in inguinal hernia repair

( Ahmed Zaghloul Fouad ),( Iman Riad M. Abdel-aal ),( Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ali Gadelrab ),( Hany Mohammed El-hadi Shoukat Mohammed ) 대한통증학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.34 No.2

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. Regional blocks might provide excellent analgesia and reduce complications in the postoperative period. We aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia (TF) plane block versus the transmuscular quadratus lumborum (QL) block in patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair. Methods: Fifty patients enrolled in this comparative study and were randomly assigned into two equal groups. One group received an ultrasound-guided QL block. In comparison, the other group received an ultrasound-guided TF plane block. The primary outcome was the patient-assessed resting, and movement-induced pain on the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) measured at 30 minutes postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of patients receiving rescue analgesia in the first postoperative day, ease of performance of the technique, and incidence of adverse effects. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in NRS at rest and with movement between the groups over the first 24 hours postoperatively. The proportion of patients that received postoperative rescue analgesics during the first 30 minutes postoperatively was 4% (n = 1) in the QL group compared to 12% (n = 3) in the TF group. However, the mean performance time of the TF block was shorter than that of the QL block, and the performance of the TF block appeared easier technically. Conclusions: The ultrasound-guided TF plane block could be as effective as the QL block in lowering pain scores and decreasing opioid consumption following nonrecurrent inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using NSM/EBR techniques

Abdel-kareem, Ahmed H.,Debaiky, Ahmed S.,Makhlouf, Mohamed H.,Abdel-baset, M. Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.1

This paper presents the experimental results of research into the behavior of shear-enhanced reinforced concrete R.C beams using steel stirrups, Fiber Reinforced Polymers FRP rods, and Fiber Reinforced Polymers FRP strips. This enhancement was accomplished by the Near Surface Mounted technique NSM. The NSM technique contains a groove on the outside surface of the concrete member to adjust the depth to be less than the cover of the member. After cleaning, the epoxy paste was used to fill half of the groove's depth. In the groove, the particular FRP element is then installed. Finally, the groove is filled with epoxy and the outside surface of the concrete is levelled with so much epoxy. This method enables the fiber reinforcement polymer FRP materials is covered completely by epoxy. The objective of this research is to study the effect of NSM technique on shear resistance for stressed beam. 13 experimental studies of half-scale R.C beams were involved in this paper. The experimental program included two specimens strengthened with steel stirrups, eight specimens strengthened with stirrups of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer GFRP rods with the shape of deferent end anchorage and angle, two specimens strengthened with externally bonded GFRP strips. The remaining un-strengthened specimen was allocated for comparison as a control one. The test results included ultimate load of capacity, deflection, cracking, and failure mode. All beams enhanced with GFRP rods showed a capacity improvement ranging from 14% to 85% compared to the reference beam, and compared to the reference beam, beams enhanced with GFRP strips showed a capacity improvement ranging from 7% to 22%.

Assessment of radioactivity levels and radiation hazards in building materials in Egypt

Ahmed E. Abdel Gawad,Mohamed Y. Hanfi,Mostafa N. Tawfik,Mohammed S. Alqahtani,Hamed I. Mira Korean Nuclear Society 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.2

Different degrees of natural radioactivity found in quartz can have negative consequences on health. Quartz vein along the investigated Abu Ramad area, Egypt, had its natural radioactivity assessed. The HPGe spectrometer was used to determine the role played by the radionuclides ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in the gamma radiation that was emitted, and the results showed that these concentrations are 484.64 ± 288.4, 36.8 ± 13.1 and 772.2 ± 134.6 Bq kg^-1 were higher than the corresponding reported global limits of 33, 45, and 412 Bq kg^-1 for each radionuclide (²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K). Among the radiological hazard parameters, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) is estimated and it's mean value of ELCR (1.2) is higher than the permissible limit of 0.00029. The relationship between the radionuclides and the associated radiological hazard characteristics was investigated based on multivariate statistical methods including Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). According to statistical research, the radioactive risk of quartz is primarily caused by the ²³⁸U, ²³²Thand ⁴⁰K. Finally, applying quartz to building materials would pose a significant risk to the public.

Thermal Stability of Latex Modified Mortars Containing CNTs

Ahmed Abdel-Mohti,Eslam Soliman,Hui Shen 한국콘크리트학회 2018 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.12 No.4

Durability of concrete and cementitious materials has been of a great concern to the construction industry in the last two decades due to the deterioration of large number of concrete structures which were built in the 60 and 70 s. Among different environmental conditions, the continuous exposure to freeze–thaw and thermal fatigue cycles remains one of the most aggressive conditions to concrete structures and bridges. On the other hand, the use of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, has shown promising results in improving the properties of cementitious materials. In this paper, the role of using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the thermal stability and durability of latex modified mortars (LMM) is examined. CNTs contents of 0.5 wt%, 1.0%, and 1.5 wt% of latex were added prior to mixing the latex modified mortar components and the resulting LMM specimens were subjected to freeze-thaw and thermal fatigue cycles. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of LMM specimens were then evaluated. In general, it was observed that the addition of CNTs improve the compressive strength of LMM specimens. On the contrary, CNTs have limited or no influence in the tensile strength, development of shrinkage strains, and flexural capacity of LMM specimens under same thermal conditions.

Protective Effect of Korean Panax ginseng against Chromium Ⅵ Toxicity and Free Radicals Generation in Rats

Abdel-Wahhab, Mosaad A.,Ahmed, Hanaa H. The Korean Society of Ginseng 2004 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.28 No.1

Earlier studies have demonstrated that chromium (Cr) Ⅵ compounds have been shown to be more toxic and carcinogenic than other chromium compounds. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of red ginseng against chromium Ⅵ-induced toxicity and free radical generation. Sixty adult male rats were divided into six equal groups include: control group, group received Cr Ⅵ alone (50 mg/kg b.w.), group treated with Korean ginseng (K. ginseng) alone (20 mg/kg b.w), group treated with Cr Ⅵ for 15 days then received K. ginseng for other 15 days, group treated with Cr Ⅵ and K. ginseng at the same time for 15 days, and group treated with K. ginseng for 15 days then Cr Ⅵ for other 15 days. The results revealed that Cr Ⅵ caused significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP, G-GT, urea, creatinine, and acid phosphatase. Whereas, it caused significant decrease in TP, albumin, testosterone, GPX, and SOD indicating a stress for liver, kidney and testes. K. ginseng alone caused significant increase in GPX and SOD activities in healthy animals and this result suggests a prophylactic role for this herb in protection against the damaging impact induced by free radical species. Furthermore, the other biochemical parameters measured after K. ginseng administration were comparable to the control values. Treatment with Cr Ⅵ followed by K. ginseng, Cr Ⅵ and K. ginseng or K. ginseng followed by Cr Ⅵ resulted in significant improvement in all tested parameters towards the normal values of the controls. However, this improvement was pronounced in the group pre-treated with K. ginseng for 15 days before Cr Ⅵ administration. It could be concluded that K. ginseng exhibited a protective action against the toxic effects of Cr Ⅵ and it had the ability to scavenge free radicals resulted from Cr Ⅵ intoxication.

Disruption of cell-cell interaction by a polydnavirus gene, CpBV-ELP1

Ahmed Abdel-Fattah,Yonggyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

A polydnavirus, Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV), is a symbiotic provirus to an endoparasitoid wasp, C. plutellae. When the wasp parasitizes its natural host, Plutella xylostella, larvae, CpBV viral particles are translocated to hemocoel of P. xylostella along with the wasp eggs. CpBV-ELP1 is encoded in a viral segment and expressed in the parasitized larvae during entire parasitization period. A recombinant baculovirus expressing CpBV-ELP1 was constructed and applied to a non-natural host, Spodoptera exigua, larvae. When the recombinant baculovirus was injected to hemocoel, CpBV-ELP1 was expressed in hemocytes as early as 2h postinjection and then later expressed in other tissues. When it was applied to diet, CpBV-ELP1 was expressed in midgut epithelium at 12 h and subsequently expressed in internal tissues. Both application methods of the recombinant baculovirus caused significantly higher mortality of S. exiguathan non-recombinant baculovirus. Interestingly, midgut epithelial cells expressing CpBV-ELP1 by infection of the recombinant baculovirus showed poor cell-cell interactions. Integrin, a cell surface molecule associated with cell-cell interaction, was cloned in S. exigua and was confirmed in its expression in the midgut epithelium. A hypothesis was raised that CpBV-ELP1 interrupts integrin function by direct binding or by blocking internal integrin signaling.