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Abubakar Adamu,Jitsupa Deepho,Abdulkarim Hassan Ibrahim,Auwal Bala Abubakar 경남대학교 수학교육과 2021 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.26 No.2
In this paper, an inertial Halpern-type forward backward iterative algorithm for approximating solution of a monotone inclusion problem whose solution is also a fixed point of some nonlinear mapping is introduced and studied. Strong convergence theorem is established in a real Hilbert space. Furthermore, our theorem is applied to variational inequality problems, convex minimization problems and image restoration problems. Finally, numerical illustrations are presented to support the main theorem and its applications.
Influence of pre-compression on crack propagation in steel fiber reinforced concrete
Abubakar, Abdulhameed U.,Akcaoglu, Tulin Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.11 No.3
In this study, a new understanding is presented on the microcracking behavior of high strength concrete (HSC) with steel fiber addition having prior compressive loading history. Microcracking behavior at critical stress (σcr) region, using seven fiber addition volume of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2.0% was evaluated, at two aspect ratios (60 and 75). The specimens were loaded up to a specified compressive stress levels (0.70fc-0.96fc), and subsequently subjected to split tensile tests. This was followed by microscopic analyses afterwards. Four compressive stress levels as percentage of fc were selected according to the linearity end point based on stress-time (σ-t) diagram under uniaxial compression. It was seen that pre-compression has an effect on the linearity end point as well as fiber addition where it lies within 85-91% of fc. Tensile strength gain was observed in some cases with respect to the 'maiden' tensile strength as oppose to tensile strength loss due to the fiber addition with teething effect. Aggregate cracking was the dominant failure mode instead of bond cracks due to improved matrix quality. The presence of the steel fiber improved the extensive failure pattern of cracks where it changes from 'macrocracks' to a branched network of microcracks especially at higher fiber dosages. The applied pre-compression resulted in hardening effect, but the cracking process is similar to that in concrete without fiber addition.
Clinical assessment and grading of back pain in horses
Abubakar Musa Mayaki,Intan Shameha Abdul Razak,Noraniza Mohd Adzahan,Mazlina Mazlan,Abdullah Rasedee 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.6
Background: The clinical presentation of horses with back pain (BP) vary considerably with most horse's willingness to take part in athletic or riding purpose becoming impossible. However, there are some clinical features that are directly responsible for the loss or failure of performance. Objectives: To investigate the clinical features of the thoracolumbar region associated with BP in horses and to use some of the clinical features to classify equine BP. Methods: Twenty-four horses comprised of 14 with BP and 10 apparently healthy horses were assessed for clinical abnormality that best differentiate BP from normal horses. The horses were then graded (0–5) using the degree of pain response, muscular hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness and overall physical dysfunction of the horse. Results: The common clinical features that significantly differentiate horses with BP from non-BP were longissimus dorsi spasm at palpation (78.6%), paravertebral muscle stiffness (64.3%), resist lateral bending (64.3%), and poor hindlimb impulsion (85.7%). There were significantly (p < 0.05) higher scores for pain response to palpation, muscular hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness and physical dysfunction among horses with BP in relation to non-BP. A significant relationship exists between all the graded abnormalities. Based on the cumulative score, horses with BP were categorized into mild, mild-moderate, moderate and severe cases. Conclusions: BP in horse can be differentiated by severity of pain response to back palpation, back muscle hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness, physical dysfunctions and their cumulative grading score is useful in the assessment and categorization of BP in horses.
Abubakar Abdussamad,Manogaran Motharasan,Yasid Nur Adeela,Othman Ahmad Razi,Shukor Mohd Yunus Abd 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.8
More concerning about dye pollution is that it is being worsened by a lack of adequate treatment. This study optimized the adsorption of Trypan Blue (TB) dye in an aqueous solution using screened bacterial biomass. Among twelve different bacterial isolates screened against TB dye, Pseudomonas sp. strain MM02 showed a high adsorption percentage of 36.5%. The adsorption process was enhanced using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface methodology (RSM) optimization. An adsorption of 59% was achieved through OFAT optimization (TB dye concentration 15 ppm, contact time 20 min, pH 6.5, agitation speed 150 rpm, adsorbent amount 1.10 g and temperature 30 °C), while statistical optimization using RSM resulted in a further increased adsorption of the dye to 61.51% (TB dye concentration 22.27 ppm, adsorbent size 0.32 g, and temperature 34.27 °C). The results of this investigation demonstrated that OFAT and RSM optimization were effective and that they were also appropriate strategies for optimizing the adsorption of TB dye by Pseudomonas sp. strain MM02. Thus, it is possible to achieve the necessary water quality while saving money by using the strain MM02 of Pseudomonas sp. MM02 in a water treatment facility. Changes in free energy of adsorption (ΔGo), enthalpy (ΔHo) and entropy (ΔSo) as well as the activation energy (Ea) were determined. ΔHo, ΔSo and Ea with pH control were −26.5, −230 and 43.5 kJ/mol. The result showed that bacterial cellulose could be employed as an effective sorbent for the removal of direct dye from an aqueous solution and the values of ΔHo, ΔGo and Ea indicate that the adsorption of direct dye onto bacterial cellulose was a physisorption process: ΔGo and ΔHo.
Skilled Migration, Human Capital and Educated Unemployment
( Abubakar Lawan Ngoma ),( Usman Umaru Bubaram ) 한양대학교 경제연구소 2021 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.26 No.3
It is, theoretically, argued that the possibility of migration to where-the-returns to education is higher promotes human capital investment and educated unemployment in the migrants’ source countries. However, empirical studies seeking to support this claim are uncommon in the received literature. This paper examines the effect of skilled migration on human capital formation and unemployment of educated workers in migrants’ source developing countries. The paper uses System Generalised Method of Moments (SGMM) technique on panel dataset from 96 migrant-sending countries over the period of 1980 - 2000. The results reveal that skilled migration exerts positive effect on educational investment in migrants’ source countries. The results further show that the possibility of skilled migration attenuates skilled unemployment in migrants’ source countries. From the policy standpoint, the paper shows that policymakers in migrantsending countries can use the potentials of international migration to boost their countries level of human capital and reduce skilled unemployment.
Abubakar, Muhammad,Manzoor, Shumaila,Ali, Qurban Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.1
Among the main intimidation to the sheep and goat population, PPR outbreaks are causing huge losses especially in endemic areas. During recent times, six outbreaks of PPR were confirmed at semi-organized goat farms/herds in various regions of Punjab province and Islamabad capital territory (ICT), Pakistan. The disease started after introduction of new animals at these farms with no history of previous PPR vaccination. The clinical signs appeared affecting respiratory and enteric systems and spread quickly. Disease caused mortality of 10-20% and morbidity of 20-40% within a time period of four weeks. Morbidity and mortality rates were 30.38% (86/283) and 15.55% (44/283), respectively. Three treatment regimes were executed to demonstrate the role of vaccination during outbreak at these farms. First was to use only the broad spectrum antibiotics (Penicillin & Streptomycin and/or Trimethoprim and Sulfadiazine) at two farms (Texilla and Attock). Second treatment regime was to use the same broad spectrum antibiotic along with extensive fluid therapy (Farms at ICT-1 and ICT-2). The third regime was to use of broad spectrum antibiotic plus fluid therapy along with vaccinating the herd against PPR during first week of outbreak (ICT-3 and ICT-4). The third scheme of treatment gave the better results as there was no mortality in third week post-outbreak. Therefore, it is suggested to give proper importance to PPR vaccination along with conventional symptomatic treatment when dealing the PPR outbreaks in endemic disease conditions.
Abubakar Abdullahi,Saifuzzaman Ibrahim,Law Siong Hook,Wan Azman Saini Wan Ngah 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2023 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.38 No.4
This paper investigated the impact of financial integration on economic development using the dynamic panel quantile estimator on a sample of 95 countries from 2004-2019. The results showed that the impact of financial integration on economic development varied across income levels. This study found that financial integration impacted economic development negatively in middle and high-income countries. However, financial integration did not significantly affect economic development in low-income countries.