Association of Two Polymorphisms of DNA Polymerase Beta in Exon-9 and Exon-11 with Ovarian Carcinoma in India

Khanra, Kalyani,Panda, Kakali,Bhattacharya, Chandan,Mitra, A.K.,Sarkar, Ranu,Bhattacharyya, Nandan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Background: DNA polymerase beta ($pol{\beta}$) is a key enzyme in the base excision repair pathway. It is 39kDa protein, with two subunits, one large subunit of 31 kDa having catalytic activity between exon V to exon XIV, and an 8 kDa smaller subunit having single strand DNA binding activity. Exons V to VII have double strand DNA binding activity, whereas exons VIII to XI account for the nucleotidyl transferase activity and exons XII to XIV the dNTP selection activity. Aim: To examine the association between $pol{\beta}$ polymorphisms and the risk of ovarian cancer, the present case control study was performed using 152 cancer samples and non-metastatic normal samples from the same patients. In this study, mutational analysis of $pol{\beta}$ genomic DNA was undertaken using primers from exons IX to XIV - the portion having catalytic activity. Results: We detected alteration in DNA polymerase beta by SSCP. Two specific heterozygous point mutations of $pol{\beta}$ were identified in Exon 9:486, A->C (polymorphism 1; 11.18%) and in Exon 11:676, A->C (polymorphism 2; 9.86%). The correlation study involving polymorphism 1 and 4 types of tissue showed a significant correlation between mucinous type with a Pearson correlation value of 4.03 (p=0.04). The association among polymorphism 2 with serous type and stage IV together have shown Pearson ${\chi}^2$ value of 3.28 with likelihood ratio of 4.4 (p=0.07) with OR =2.08 (0.3-14.55). This indicates that there is a tendency of correlation among polymorphism 2, serous type and stage IV, indicating a risk factor for ovarian cancer. Conclusion: Hence, the results indicate that there is a tendency for $pol{\beta}$ polymorphisms being a risk factor for ovarian carcinogenesis in India.

Korean Red Ginseng water extract inhibits cadmium-induced lung injury via suppressing MAPK/ERK1/2/AP-1 pathway

Mitra, Ankita,Rahmawati, Laily,Lee, Hwa Pyoung,Kim, Seung A.,Han, Chang-Kyun,Hyun, Sun Hee,Cho, Jae Youl The Korean Society of Ginseng 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.5

Background: Few studies reported the therapeutic effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in lung inflammatory diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory role and underlying molecular in cadmium-induced lung injury have been poorly understood, directly linked to chronic lung diseases (CLDs): chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer etc. Therefore, in this study we aim to investigate the therapeutic activities of water extract of KRG (KRG-WE) in mouse cadmium-induced lung injury model. Method: The anti-inflammatory roles and underlying mechanisms of KRG-WE were evaluated in vitro under cadmium-stimulated lung epithelial cells (A549) and HEK293T cell line and in vivo in cadmium-induced lung injury mouse model using semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), luciferase assay, immunoblotting, and FACS. Results: KRG-WE strongly ameliorated the symptoms of CdSO4-induced lung injury in mice according to total cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and severity scores as well as cytokine levels. KRG-WE significantly suppressed the upregulation of inflammatory signaling comprising mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and their upstream enzymes. In in vitro study, KRG-WE suppressed expression of interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and IL-8 while promoting recovery in CdSO₄-treated A549 cells. Similarly, KRG-WE reduced phosphorylation of MAPK and c-Jun/c-Fos in cadmium-exposed A549 cells. Conclusion: KRG-WE was found to attenuate symptoms of cadmium-induced lung injury and reduce the expression of inflammatory genes by suppression of MAPK/AP-1-mediated pathway.

Exon 8-9 Mutations of DNA Polymerase β in Ovarian Carcinoma Patients from Haldia, India

Khanra, Kalyani,Panda, Kakali,Mitra, A.K.,Sarkar, Ranu,Bhattacharya, Chandan,Bhattacharyya, Nandan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Background: Ovarian cancer is the number one killer among all the gynecological cancers. We undertook association study to identify potential alterations in the genomic DNA of a DNA repair gene, DNA polymerase beta ($pol{\beta}$), involved in base excision repair (BER), in ovarian carcinomas of patients from Haldia, India. Mutations, splice variants have been reported earlier in different tumors other than ovarian tumors. Aim: In this study we explored the possibility of association of any mutation of $pol{\beta}$ (Exon 8) with prognosis in 152 ovarian cancer samples. Results: Alteration in the exon 8 region (Exon 8:468, $A{\rightarrow}C$; 15.1%) was noted among fifty seven polymorphism positive samples. Alteration in the intervening sequence 8 (IVS8, -25, $A{\rightarrow}C$; 3.9%) was also noted. All alterations are heterozygous in nature. Conclusions: We found no significant association among the samples from serous type, stage IV, and the $pol{\beta}$ mutations ($P{\leq}0.01$). Only a slight tendency of association was evident between IVS8, -25, A to C; and stage III. Further analysis with a larger number of samples is needed.

A Comparison of the Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerizations of 3-Oxetanol and Glycidol

A. Timothy Royappa,Mitra R. Vashi,Cholena L. Russo,Aaron C. Blackwell 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.10

The technologically important polymers poly(3-oxetanol) and polyglycidol (sometimes referred to as polyglycerol) were both synthesized in high yield by a one-pot BF3-catalyzed cationic ring-opening polymerization of the respective monomers in dichloromethane at ambient temperature. The polymerization reactions and the resulting polymers were compared. The polymerization of 3-oxetanol was less exothermic than the polymerization of glycidol under identical reaction conditions, because of the lower ring strain in 3-oxetanol than in glycidol, confirmed by semi-empirical calculations. The resulting polymers were similar, i.e., they had similar Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, molecular weights, thermal properties and physical characteristics. However, the poly(3-oxetanol) had a higher ratio of secondary to primary alcohols than did polyglycidol.

Characterisation of PMMA microfluidic channels and devices fabricated by hot embossing and sealed by direct bonding

A. Mathur,S.S. Roy,M. Tweedie,S. Mukhopadhyay,S.K. Mitra,J.A. McLaughlin 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.6

In this study we fabricated a silicon-based stamp with various microchannel arrays, and demonstrated successful replication of the stamp microstructure on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrates. We used maskless UV lithography for the production of the micro-structured stamp. Thermal imprint lithography was used to fabricate microfeatured fluidic platforms on PMMA substrates, as well as to bond PMMA lids on the fluidic platforms. The microfeature in the silicon-based (silicon wafer coated with SU- 8) stamp includes microchannel arrays of approximately 30 ㎛ in depth and 5 mm in width. We produced various channels without pillars, as well as with SU-8 pillars in the range of 50–100 ㎛ wide and 6 ㎛ in height. PMMA discs of 1 mm thickness were utilized as the molding substrate. We found 10 kN applied force and 100 ℃ embossing temperature were optimum for transferring the microstructure to the PMMA substrate. In this study we fabricated a silicon-based stamp with various microchannel arrays, and demonstrated successful replication of the stamp microstructure on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrates. We used maskless UV lithography for the production of the micro-structured stamp. Thermal imprint lithography was used to fabricate microfeatured fluidic platforms on PMMA substrates, as well as to bond PMMA lids on the fluidic platforms. The microfeature in the silicon-based (silicon wafer coated with SU- 8) stamp includes microchannel arrays of approximately 30 ㎛ in depth and 5 mm in width. We produced various channels without pillars, as well as with SU-8 pillars in the range of 50–100 ㎛ wide and 6 ㎛ in height. PMMA discs of 1 mm thickness were utilized as the molding substrate. We found 10 kN applied force and 100 ℃ embossing temperature were optimum for transferring the microstructure to the PMMA substrate.

Effect of Tilliacorine on Haematological and Biochemical Parameters

A. Roychowdhuri,J. Rajan Vedasiromoni,Malaya Gupta,S. K. Mitra,Biswapati Mukherjee,Arnab Khasnobis,Tapan Seal 한국생약학회 2000 Natural Product Sciences Vol.6 No.3

Tiliacora racemosa Colebr. belonging to the family Menispermaceae, is the biggest storehouse of diphenyl bisbenzylisoquinoline (DBBI) alkaloids. Exhaustive chemical processing of the root of T. racemosa by the application of modern separation techniques yielded a DBBI alkaloid which was identified as tiliacorine using sophisticated spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, MS). Haematological study with tiliacorine proved that there was no abnormal haematological results in comparison with the normal values. Chronic toxicity study with tiliacorine revealed that the alkaloid is devoid of any hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic action.

Summer monsoon rainfall variability over North East regions of India and its association with Eurasian snow, Atlantic Sea Surface temperature and Arctic Oscillation

Prabhu, A.,Oh, J.,Kim, I. w.,Kripalani, R. H.,Mitra, A. K.,Pandithurai, G. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Climate dynamics Vol.49 No.7

<i>Salmonella</i> exploits Arl8B‐directed kinesin activity to promote endosome tubulation and cell‐to‐cell transfer

Kaniuk, Natalia A.,Canadien, Veronica,Bagshaw, Richard D.,Bakowski, Malina,Braun, Virginie,Landekic, Marija,Mitra, Shuvadeep,Huang, Ju,Heo, Won Do,Meyer, Tobias,Pelletier, Laurence,Andrews‐,Poly Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Cellular microbiology Vol.13 No.11

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The facultative intracellular pathogen <I>Salmonella enterica</I> serovar Typhimurium establishes a replicative niche, the <I>Salmonella</I>‐containing vacuole (SCV), in host cells. Here we demonstrate that these bacteria exploit the function of Arl8B, an Arf family GTPase, during infection. Following infection, Arl8B localized to SCVs and to tubulated endosomes that extended along microtubules in the host cell cytoplasm. Arl8B<SUP>+</SUP> tubules partially colocalized with LAMP1 and SCAMP3. Formation of LAMP1<SUP>+</SUP> tubules (the <I>Salmonella</I>‐induced filaments phenotype; SIFs) required Arl8B expression. SIFs formation is known to require the activity of kinesin‐1. Here we find that Arl8B is required for kinesin‐1 recruitment to SCVs. We have previously shown that SCVs undergo centrifugal movement to the cell periphery at 24 h post infection and undergo cell‐to‐cell transfer to infect neighbouring cells, and that both phenotypes require kinesin‐1 activity. Here we demonstrate that Arl8B is required for migration of the SCV to the cell periphery 24 h after infection and for cell‐to‐cell transfer of bacteria to neighbouring cells. These results reveal a novel host factor co‐opted by <I>S</I>. Typhimurium to manipulate the host endocytic pathway and to promote the spread of infection within a host.</P>

Artificial neural network-based sodium nitrite NQR analysis in an urban noisy environment

Mohammad Saleh Sharifi A. M.,Hossein Afarideh,Mitra Ghergherehchi,Mehdi Simiari 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.83 No.3

Using the nuclear quadrupole resonance procedure in non-shielded environments requires special measures. For this purpose, noise reduction and interference suppression algorithms have been used to increase signal-to-noise and interference ratio or SNIR. For this aim, two types of antennas are considered, the ferrite core coil antenna as the main antenna receives the free induction decay or FID signal, radio frequency interference or RFI, and noise, and the omnidirectional auxiliary antenna receives the RFI and noise as the algorithm reference noise. To perform the noise and interference cancelation, the weighting factors in auxiliary antenna data are so important, that an artifcial neural network or ANN model has been used to increase the SNIR. In this research, sodium nitrite has been used as a sample, then algorithms have been tested in a nonshielded environment. The resonant frequency of the 200 g sample, by the signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 18.889 dB, the signal-to-interference ratio improvement of 24.819 dB, and the FID signal amplifcation of 16.925 dB, were measured at 4.649 MHz. The main technique in this study was to use an auxiliary antenna to estimate the noise and interference and compute the learned weighting factor before sending the NQR pulse.

Symmetric key end to end Cryptosystem using Plateaued functions and Hadamard matrix

P. Poojary,K. Prakasha,P. K. Harikrishnan,G. R. Vadiraja Bhatta,Deepmala,A. Mitra 장전수학회 2020 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.23 No.1

Hadamard matrices are a special type of matrices having various applications in cryptography. Here we present a method for the construction of Hadamard matrices using plateaued Boolean functions. The key generated using Hadamard matrices is used for end to end encryption of the messages using symmetric key cryptography. The performance of the proposed system is compared with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and RSA cryptosystems. The results prove that the proposed system outperforms existing systems.