Induced quadrupolar singlet ground state of praseodymium in a modulated pyrochlore

van Duijn, J.,Kim, K. H.,Hur, N.,Ruiz-Bustos, R.,Adroja, D. T.,Bridges, F.,Daoud-Aladine, A.,Fernandez-Alonso, F.,Wen, J. J.,Kearney, V.,Huang, Q. Z.,Cheong, S.-W.,Perring, T. G.,Broholm, C. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.96 No.9

<P>The complex structure and magnetism of Pr2-xBixRu2O7 was investigated by neutron scattering and extended x-ray absorption fine structure. Pr has an approximate doublet ground state and the first excited state is a singlet. While the B-site (Ru) is well ordered throughout, this is not the case for the A-site (Pr/Bi). A broadened distribution for the Pr-O-2 bond length at low temperature indicates the Pr environment varies from site to site even for x = 0. The environment about the Bi site is highly disordered ostensibly due to the 6s lone pairs on Bi3+. Correspondingly, we find that the non-Kramers doublet ground-state degeneracy, otherwise anticipated for Pr in the pyrochlore structure, is lifted so as to produce a quadrupolar singlet ground statewith a spatially varying energy gap. For x = 0, below TN, the Ru sublattice orders antiferromagnetically, with propagation vector k = (0,0,0) as forY(2)Ru(2)O(7). No ordering associated with the Pr sublattice is observed down to 100 mK. The low-energy magnetic response of Pr2-xBixRu2O7 features a broad spectrum of magnetic excitations associated with inhomogeneous splitting of the Pr quasidoublet ground state. For x = 0 (x = 0.97), the spectrum is temperature dependent (independent). It appears disorder associated with Bi alloying enhances the inhomogeneous Pr crystal-field level splitting so that intersite interactions become irrelevant for x = 0.97. The structural complexity for the A-site may be reflected in the hysteretic uniform magnetization of B-site ruthenium in the Neel phase.</P>

Molecular cloning, characterization and mRNA expression of duck interleukin-17F

Kim, W.H.,Fernandez, C.P.,Diaz, J.A.R.,Jeong, J.,Kim, S.,Lillehoj, H.S.,Chang, H.H.,Min, W. Elsevier 2015 Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Vol. No.

Interleukin-17F (IL-17F) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in gut homeostasis. A full-length duck IL-17F (duIL-17F) cDNA with a 510-bp coding region was identified in ConA-activated splenic lymphocytes. duIL-17F is predicted to encode 166 amino acids, including a 26-amino acid signal peptide, a single N-linked glycosylation site, and six cysteine residues that are conserved in mammalian IL-17. duIL-17F shares 77.5% amino acid sequence identity with chicken IL-17F (chIL-17F), 37-46% with corresponding mammalian homologues, and 53.5% with the previously described duck IL-17A (duIL-17A). The duIL-17F transcripts were expressed in a wide range of untreated tissues; levels were highest in the liver and moderate in the thymus, bursa, kidney, and intestinal tissues. Expression levels of duIL-17F transcript were slightly up-regulated in ConA- and LPS-activated splenic lymphocytes but not in poly I:C stimulated cells. duIL-17F forms heterodimers with duIL-17A. Recombinant duIL-17F, like duIL-17A, induced IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 expression in duck embryonic fibroblasts (DEFs). duIL-17A, but not duIL-17F expression, was significantly up-regulated in the liver and spleen of Salmonella Typhimurium-infected ducks. Further analysis of the contributions of IL-17F to different Salmonella spp. or other disease models will be required to expand our understanding of its biological functions.

Upregulation of duck interleukin-17A during Riemerella anatipestifer infection

Fernandez, C.P.,Kim, W.H.,Diaz, J.A.R.,Jeong, J.,Afrin, F.,Kim, S.,Jang, H.K.,Lee, B.H.,Yim, D.,Lillehoj, H.S.,Min, W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science 2016 DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.63 No.-

<P>Although IL-17 cytokines play critical roles in host defense immunity, dysregulated expression of these cytokines is associated with inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Riemerella anatipestifer is the most important infectious bacterium in the duck industry. Interestingly, not all avian species are equally susceptible to R. anatipestifer infection. This paper reports the first description of mortality rate, bacterial burden, and expression profiles of immune-related genes between ducks and chickens infected with R. anatipestifer. Ducks exhibited increased susceptibility to R. anatipestifer infection compared to chickens, as determined by mortality rate and bacterial burden. Comparative expression analyses of immune-related genes in R. anatipestifer-infected tissues obtained from both species revealed that TLR3, TLR7, IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma transcript levels were higher in chickens, whereas TLR4 and IL-17A transcript levels were higher in ducks. Marked increases in expression of IL-17A and IL-6, but not TGF-beta, were associated with Th17 cell differentiation in duck splenic lymphocytes, but not in chicken splenic lymphocytes, stimulated with R. anatipestifer. Moreover, upregulation of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-17A mRNA expressions, but not TGF-beta, was confirmed in the liver and spleen of ducks infected with R. anatipestifer, indicating that IL-17A is strongly associated with Riemerella infection in ducks. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Maximum vortex-induced vibrations of a square prism

A. Barrero-Gil,P. Fernandez-Arroyo 한국풍공학회 2013 한국풍공학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This paper presents an experimental investigation concerning the peak amplitudes of oscillation of a square prism due to Vortex-Induced-Vibrations (VIV) as a function of the mass damping parameter m*S (the so called Griffin--plot); mand S being, respectively, the non-dimensional mass and the mechanical (structural) damping ratio. With this purpose in mind, an electromagnetic actuator has been employed to provide controlled damping. During the experiments the mass--damping parameter was in the range 0.15< m * S < 2.4. Experiments show that there is a value of mS below which VIV appears combined with galloping and the prism oscillation increases monotonically with the incoming flow velocity. For m*S >0.3 the present experiments show a well-defined VIV phenomenon and, consequently, a Griffin-plot can be defined.

Equivalent norms in a Banach function space and the subsequence property

Jose M. Calabuig,Maite Fernandez-Unzueta,Fernando Galaz-Fontes,Enrique A. Sanchez-Perez 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회지 Vol.56 No.5

Consider a finite measure space $(\Ome,\Sig,\mu)$ and a Banach space $X(\mu)$ consisting of (equivalence classes of) real measurable functions defined on $\Ome$ such that $f\chi_A \in X(\mu) $ and $ \|f\chi_A \| \leq \|f\|, \ \pt f \in X(\mu), \ A \in \Sig$. We prove that if it satisfies the subsequence property, then it is an ideal of measurable functions and has an equivalent norm under which it is a Banach function space. As an application we characterize norms that are equivalent to a Banach function space norm.

Diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the Caramoan Island Group, Maqueda Channel, Southern Luzon, Philippines

Michael A. Clores,Joward B. Bautista,Jason B. Fernandez,Michael A. Cuesta,Rafe M. Brown 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.1

We report for the first time the herpetological biodiversity (amphibians and reptiles) of the Caramoan Island Group (CIG), Maqueda Channel, southern Luzon Island, the Philippines. Herpetofaunal biodiversity assessment, using the standard field-based methodology for survey work, was conducted at nine sites in the CIG, off the northeast coast of the Bicol Peninsula of southern Luzon. The overall species richness (s) in the CIG is 22 (three amphibians, 12 lizards, and seven snakes) represent new island records for a variety of the native species, ten of which are endemic to the Philippines. Beta diversity (β-diversity) of the CIG is 0.84 reflecting a relatively high degree of local area turnover of species when among-site comparisons were quantified; this finding most likely reflects habitat variability which is consistent with our observation emphasizing how a high proportion of faunal diversity is associated with, or confined, to very specific microhabitats (limestone areas, lower-montane forests, mangroves, beach coastal forests, etc.). The overall community similarity index of the archipelago was 0.545 implying that CIG has moderate overlap of amphibian and reptilian species composition. Our findings provide baseline information on the unique composition of herpetofauna in the CIG, which highlights a general paucity of knowledge about the Peninsula’s herpetofaunal diversity.

EQUIVALENT NORMS IN A BANACH FUNCTION SPACE AND THE SUBSEQUENCE PROPERTY

Calabuig, Jose M.,Fernandez-Unzueta, Maite,Galaz-Fontes, Fernando,Sanchez-Perez, Enrique A. Korean Mathematical Society 2019 대한수학회지 Vol.56 No.5

Consider a finite measure space (${\Omega}$, ${\Sigma}$, ${\mu}$) and a Banach space $X({\mu})$ consisting of (equivalence classes of) real measurable functions defined on ${\Omega}$ such that $f{\chi}_A{\in}X({\mu})$ and ${\parallel}f{\chi}_A{\parallel}{\leq}{\parallel}f{\parallel}$, ${\forall}f{\in}({\mu})$, $A{\in}{\Sigma}$. We prove that if it satisfies the subsequence property, then it is an ideal of measurable functions and has an equivalent norm under which it is a Banach function space. As an application we characterize norms that are equivalent to a Banach function space norm.

LY341122, a Novel Inhibitor of Lipid Peroxidation, Reduces Focal Ischemic Brain Damage in Rats After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Huh, Pil-Woo,Belayev, Ludmila,Zhao, Weizhao,Clemens, J.A.,Panetta, J.A.,Busto, Raul,Fernandez, G.,Ginsberg, Myron D. 가톨릭대학교 2000 Bulletin of The Catholic Research Institutes of Me Vol.28 No.-

Introduction : LY341122 [2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(2-(4-methylethylam inomethyl-phenyloxy)ethyl) oxazole is a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation and a free radical scavenger, which has been shown to protect against global ischemia and traumatic brain injury in rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of LY341122 on ischemic injury in a highly reproducible model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats (270-330g) were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to 120 min of temporary MCAo by retrograde insertion of an intraluminal nylon suture (1) coated with poly-l-lysine (2) through the external carotid artery into the internal carotid artery and MCA. The drug (LY341122; n=19) or vehicle (PBS, n=10) was administered i.v. (5 or I0mgf/kg bolus and 5 or 10mg/kg/h infusion for 20 h starting 1h or 2h after onset MCAo). Heating lamps were used to maintain rectal and temporalis muscle temperatures at 37 to 37.5℃. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), plasma glucose and blood gases were repeatedly measured. The neurological status was evaluated during occlusion (60 min) and daily for 3 days after MCAo; a grading scale of 0-12 was employed, as previously described (2). Three days after MCAo, brains wereperfusion-fixed and infarct volumes and brain edema were determined. (Data in figures represent mean values ± S.E.M.) Results : Rectal and cranial (temporalis muscle) temperatures, MABP, plasma glucose and blood gases in the 29 animals of this study showed no significant differences between groups. LY341122 significantly improved The neurological socre compared to vehicle at 24h, 48 and 72h after MCAo (5mg/kg [2h]; 10mg/kg [1h] and 10mg/kg [2h], Fig.1) Treatment with LY341122 significantly ) reduced total (cortical and subcortical) corrected infarct volume in all treated groups compared tovehicle rats (Fig. 2). When considered separately, cortical infarct volume was significantly reduced by treatment with drug in the LY341122 10mg/kg [1h] and LY341122 10mg/kg [2h] groups compared to vehicle rats(14.7 ± 95 vs. 106.8 ± 20.9㎣, and 36.9 ± 20.1 vs. 106.8 ± 20.9㎣, respectively; p<0.005 and p<0.04). Cortical infarct areas were also significantlysmaller in treated rats than in the vehicle groups at multiple coronal levels (Fig 3, 4). Striatal infarct volume was significantly reduced by treatment with LY341122 in the LY341122 10mg/kg [1h] group compared to the vehicle groups (23.7 ±3.4 vs. 63.2 ±6.7㎣,p<0.004). Conclusions : These results suggest that LY341122, when administered in a dose of 5 or 10mg/kg at 1 or 2 hours after MCA occlusion, confer neuroprotective effects on neurological score and infarct volume compared to vehicle-treated rats. It is important to note that this neuroprotective effect of LY341122 was demonstrated with postischemic administration. (Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism [Suppl. 1]19:S186, 1999)

Review of Cortical Bone Trajectory: Evidence of a New Technique

Juan Delgado-Fernandez,Maria Ángeles García-Pallero,Guillermo Blasco,Paloma Pulido-Rivas,Rafael,G. Sola 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5

This article summarizes recent evidence on the cortical bone trajectory (CBT) obtained from published anatomical, biomechanical, and clinical studies. CBT was proposed by Santoni in 2009 as a new trajectory that can improve the fixation of pedicle screws in response to screw loosening in osteoporotic patients. Recently, research interest has been growing with increasing numbers of published series and frequent reports of new applications. We performed an online database search using the terms “cortical bone trajectory,” “pedicle screw,” “CBT spine,” “CBT fixation,” “MISS CBT,” and “traditional trajectory.” The search included the PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in an analysis of 42 articles in total. These covered three aspects of CBT research: anatomical studies, biomechanical parameters, and clinical cases or series. Compared to the traditional trajectory, CBT improves pullout strength, provides greater stiffness in cephalocaudal and mediolateral loading, and shows superior resistance to flexion/extension; however, it is inferior in lateral bending and axial rotation. CBT seems to provide better immediate implant stability. In clinical studies, CBT has shown better perioperative results for blood loss, length of stay in hospital, and surgery time; similar or better clinical postoperative scores; and similar comorbidity, without any major fixation system complications due to instrumentation failure or screw misplacement. In addition, advantages such as less lateral exposure allow it to be used as a minimally invasive technique. However, most of the clinical studies were retrospective case series or case-control studies; prospective evidence on this technique is scarce, making a definitive comparison with the traditional trajectory difficult. Nevertheless, we can conclude that CBT is a safe technique that offers good clinical results with similar biomechanical and perioperative parameters to those of the traditional trajectory. In addition, new applications can improve its results and make it useful for additional pathologies.

Maximum vortex-induced vibrations of a square prism

Barrero-Gil, A.,Fernandez-Arroyo, P. Techno-Press 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.1

This paper presents an experimental investigation concerning the peak amplitudes of oscillation of a square prism due to Vortex-Induced-Vibrations (VIV) as a function of the mass damping parameter $m^*{\zeta}$(the so called Griffin--plot); $m^*$ and ${\zeta}$ being, respectively, the non-dimensional mass and the mechanical (structural) damping ratio. With this purpose in mind, an electromagnetic actuator has been employed to provide controlled damping. During the experiments the mass--damping parameter was in the range 0.15 < $m^*{\zeta}$ < 2.4. Experiments show that there is a value of $m^*{\zeta}$ below which VIV appears combined with galloping and the prism oscillation increases monotonically with the incoming flow velocity. For $m^*{\zeta}$ >0.3 the present experiments show a well-defined VIV phenomenon and, consequently, a Griffin-plot can be defined.