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유태하,Yoo Isaiah Wonho 한국영어교육학회 2010 ENGLISH TEACHING(영어교육) Vol.65 No.4
This study aims to investigate the errors of prepositional verbs in Korean university students' essays and alert teachers to the necessity of a more systematic instruction of prepositional verbs. Prepositional-verb errors found in the learner corpus of essays written by 416 Korean university students were classified into five categories: (a) preposition omission, (b) wrong prepositions, (c) preposition addition, (d) misordering, and (e) others. Of the 1317 tokens of prepositional verbs retrieved from the corpus, 448 were found to be used erroneously, over half of which were instances of preposition omission. No tokens of misordering errors were found (e.g., *to go school / *go school to). A careful analysis of these errors also revealed the following. First, students were not able to discern the difference between a verb used transitively and the same verb used as a prepositional verb (e.g., believe and believe in). Second, the inability to distinguish transitive verbs from intransitive ones also resulted in a considerable number of errors in preposition omission (e.g., *listen music) and preposition addition (e.g., *enter in university). Third, using wrong prepositions (e.g., *worried at me) was also a rather common occurrence, accounting for 18% of the all the errors related to prepositional verbs.
權武男,李相昊,柳泰夏 慶北大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.51 No.-
In order to investigate seepage failure of sand layer and analyze the effect of the loaded filter constructed on the top of the layer, small scale laboratory tests were carried out on 6 kinds of grain sized sand layers with and without loaded filter of variations of thickness. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The relationship between critical velocity and critical gradient had positive correlation and appears to be linear equation regardless of grain size of the sand. 2. The critical velocity had a trend to increase linearly as grain size of the sand get to be bigger. And the critical velocity in the effective size of 10mm appeared to be about 15 times of that of the 0.2㎜ effective size. 3. The critical velocity was increased according to increase the thickness of loaded filter. And the critical velocity in the 8㎝ thick of loaded filter showed to be 2 times as comparison to the case of no loaded filter. In virtue of the conclusion above, the seepage force can fail sand layer seriously but the stability of sand layers will be able to improve remarkably by construction of loaded filter on the top of the sand layer.
김정운,최병기,최준영,유태하,노원석,송석영 대한마취통증의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.66 No.2
Background: Phenylephrine (PE) produces tonic contraction through involvement of various calcium channels such as store-operated calcium channels (SOCCs) and voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs). However, the relative contribution of each calcium channel to PE-induced contraction has not been investigated in isolated rat aorta of early acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings from rats 3 days after AMI or sham-operated (SHAM) rats were prepared in an organ chamber with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution for isometric tension recording. We assessed the PE dose-response relationships in 2.5 mM calcium medium for both groups. The same procedure was repeated using rings pretreated with the SOCC inhibitor 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, sarco/endoplasmic-reticulum calcium ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (TG), diacyl glycerol lipase inhibitor RHC80267, and sodium-calcium exchanger inhibitor 3,4-dichlorobenzamil hydrochloride for 30 minutes before addition of calcium. When ongoing tonic contraction was sustained, dose-response curves to the VOCC inhibitor nifedipine were obtained to assess the relative contribution of each calcium channel under various conditions. Results: The effect of SOCC induction with TG pretreatment on PE-induced contraction was significantly lower in the AMI group compared to the SHAM group. In addition, there were significant decreases in the sensitivity and efficacy of the VOCC inhibitor nifedipine on PE-induced contraction in the AMI group. Conclusions: Results suggest that the change of vascular reactivity of PE in rat aorta 3 days after AMI is characterized by a decreased contribution of L-type VOCCs. The enhanced VOCC-independent calcium entry mechanisms after AMI can be mediated by enhanced capacitative calcium entry through the activation of SOCCs.