저강우연도 지하수 관개 필지논에서 수도재배기간 동안의 물질수지

황하선 ( H. S. Hwang ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ),전지홍 ( J. H. Jeon ),김병희 ( B. H. Kim ) 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.4

Field experiment was performed to investigate water and nutrient mass balances in paddy field with groundwater irrigation from May to October, 2001. The total water inflow was about 1,183mm in which rainfall, overflow from upstream paddy, and groundwater irrigation accounted for 43, 30, and 27%, respectively. Notice that the precipitation of the study period was less than the average annual precipitation. The total drainage was almost balanced with the inflow and more than half of it was occurred by surface drainage. From the nutrient mass balance analysis, the T-P output (17.56kg/ha) was estimated slightly lower than the input (20.90kg/ha) and the T-N output (130.41kg/ha) was slightly greater than the input (129.24kg/ha). However, the difference was within the expectation and the nutrient mass was thought to be balanced considering uncertainties in field experiment and other activities not included in the study such as algae and soil microorganisms. The surface discharge of nutrient, which was about 10% of total nutrient output, was mainly affected by fertilization and rainfall runoff. Therefore, prudent surface drainage plan might be necessary particularly for the fertilization period to prevent degradation of receiving water quality. The study was performed under abnormally low rainfall compared to the average annual rainfall record, and further monitoring in diverse rainfalls and irrigation methods is recommended to estimate nutrient behavior in the paddy field more reasonably.

남자간호사의 성역할 갈등, 직무만족 및 이직의도와의 관계

황하만(Hwang, Ha-Man),김명자(Kim, Myung Ja) 한국간호행정학회 2017 간호행정학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between gender role conflict for men in nursing, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Methods: The study data were collected between August 1 and September 1, 2015 from 225 men in nursing currently working in 36 Korean general hospitals, each with ≥100 beds. Frequency and percentages were analyzed, and Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan"s test were used. Results: There was no significant difference in gender role conflict based on the general characteristics of the men. In contrast, significant differences in gender role conflict were found in association with the following job-related characteristics: work experience at the present hospital, work department, work unit, and type of work. A significant negative correlation was detected between male gender role conflict and job satisfaction, a positive correlation was found between male gender role conflict and turnover intention. Conclusion: In order to increase job satisfaction and decrease the turnover intention of men in nursing, measures to reduce gender role conflict are needed.

온라인 게임 이용자의 심리적 경험이 게임 중독에 미치는 영향: 지각된 현실감(Perceived Reality)과 프레즌스(Presence) 개념을 중심으로

황하성 ( Ha Sung Hwang ),박성복 ( Sung Bok Park ) 한국지역언론학회 2011 언론과학연구 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구는 온라인 게임을 하면서 게이머들이 느끼는 심리적, 정서적 경험이 온라인 게임 중독과 어떠한 연관성이 있으며, 나아가 온라인 게임 중독에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기존 텔레비전 연구에서 사용되어왔던 지각된 현실감(perceived reality)과 최근 인터넷을 비롯한 디지털 환경에서 논의되고 있는 프레즌스(presence)라는 두 가지의 개념을 적용해 온라인 게임이 제공하는 가상현실에 대한 심리적 경험이 온라인 게임에 빠져드는 중독의 원인이 되는 지 검증하였다. 대학생들을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시한 결과 대학생들은 온라인 게임을 하면서 온라인 게임의 가상현실을 현실로서 느끼는 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며 또한 이러한 현실감의 지각이 온라인 게임 중독에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 지각된 현실감의 세 가지 하위 요인 중 온라인 게임의 등장인물에 대해 감정적 이입을 느끼는 ``동일시`` 요인과 온라인 게임의 내용이 실제 삶을 살아가는 데 있어 도움을 준다고 느끼는 ``유용성`` 요인이 온라인 게임 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 온라인 게임을 하면서 게임속의 가상 세계로 이동되어 마치 그 속에 존재하는 것처럼 느끼는 프레즌스 경험 역시 온라인 게임 중독에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 온라인 게임을 하면서 느끼는 심리적, 정서적 경험이 게임 중독의 원인이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. The present study aims to explore the factors of user`s psychological experience affecting online game addiction. Two concepts, perceived reality and presence are applied to test psychological experiences which game users feel during online game. The study used Potter`s semantic components of perceived reality such as magic window, utility, and identification to examine how online game users perceive reality of game. Survey results from 225 college students indicated that respondents perceived social realism while gaming and such perception was highly related to online game addiction. Among three dimensions of perceived reality identification and utility and presence influenced online game addiction. Specifically, regression results showed that online game user`s feeling of presence had stronger effect on game addiction than perceived reality. Based on these findings suggestions and implications are discussed.

1960년대 독일 팝 아트: 전후 서독 미술계의 미국화와 팝 아트 실험

황하연(Hwang, Hayeon) 서양미술사학회 2023 서양미술사학회논문집 Vol.58 No.-

본 논문은 1960년대 미국 팝 아트의 영향을 받아 ‘자본주의 리얼리즘’과 ‘QUIBB’를 주창한 서독의 젊은 예술가들의 작품을 중심으로 1960년대 독일에서 일어난 팝 아트의 흐름을 조명하고, 독일의 팝 아트가 지닌 사회 비판적 성격을 확인하고자 한다. 전후 독일에서는 나치 시대 탄압된 모더니즘 미술의 맥을 잇고 자국 미술의 수준을 세계 미술계와 나란히 하기 위해 미국의 추상표현주의를 적극적으로 수용하고 있었다. 1960년대 들어 미국 미술의 흐름이 팝 아트로 전환되고 유럽 미술의 중심지였던 파리에서 이를 소개하자 독일에서도 팝 아트에 대한 수용이 일어났다. 본 논문에서는 독일의 중요한 전시 《도큐멘타》를 통해 서독에서 팝 아트를 비롯한 미국 미술 수용이 어떻게 이루어졌는지 파악하고, 예술 잡지 『아트 인터내셔널』이 서독 예술가들에게 팝 아트를 전파하는 데 일조했음을 확인할 것이다. 또한 팝 아트를 실험한 서독 뒤셀도르프의 젊은 예술가들의 작품을 통해 독일 팝 아트의 특징을 규명하고자 한다. 리히터, 루엑, 폴케, 쿠트너가 표방한 ‘자본주의 리얼리즘’과 가울과 알베르만이 결성한 ‘QUIBB’ 그룹의 활동을 통해 서독에서 팝 아트라 칭할 만한 예술적 활동이 있었음을 확인할 수 있다. 특히 독일의 팝 아트는 전쟁에 대한 반성과 자본주의 사회에 대한 비판적인 성격을 띤다. 이는 과거사 문제를 망각한 채 추상을 좇으며 세계 미술계에 편입되고자 했던 전후 서독 미술에 대한 반성이자 비판으로 이해할 수 있다. This essay examines the development of pop art in West Germany in the 1960s, focusing on the works of young artists in West Germany who advocated ‘Capitalist Realism’ and ‘QUIBB,’ artistic styles influenced by American pop art in the 1960s. After the World War II, West German art actively adopted Abstract Expressionism from the United States in order to revitalize the modern art of Germany oppressed under the Nazi regime and to promote German art worldwide. In the 1960s, German artists and collectors started to appreciate pop art introduced to Europe. In this essay, how American art was seen in Germany’s important exhibition Documenta, and how it was accepted by Germans through a widely-read magazine Art International are discussed. The works of young artists in Düsseldorf were to experiment with pop art. ‘Capitalist Realism’ and ‘QUIBB’ testify to the existence of pop art in West Germany, revealing its notable characteristics. German pop art is distinguished for its socio-critical nature on capitalist society and war. This can be understood as a reflection and criticism on West German art after the WWII which pursued abstract art, consigning its historical problems to oblivion.

감법혼색의 실제적 적용상의 문제점 분석 연구

황하예진(Hwang Hayejin),전창림(Jeon Changlim) 한국색채학회 2012 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

전통적으로는 빛의 삼원색, 물감의 삼원색, 회화의 삼원색이 각기 다르게 인식되어 왔으나, 감법혼색과 가법혼색이 정립되고, 색의 과학적 측정과 표현이 발전하고 Kubelka-Munk 혼색이론 등이 나오면서 색채에 대한 과학적이고 체계적인 교육과 표현이 가능해진 것도 사실이다. 그러나 현실적으로 색채의 교육은 실습이 동반되어야 하는데 이에 필요한 화구용품의 물감은 안료와 제품의 제약으로 색채이론을 충실히 재현하기에 문제가 많다. 그럼에도 불구하고 감법혼색 이론을 바탕으로 색채교육을 하기 위하여 시판제품의 물감을 사용하여 색채교육을 해야 하는 현실에서 이 연구의 중요성을 갖는다. 본 연구는 Cyan, Magenta, Yellow의 이론값에 가장 가까운 포스터컬러를 추출하고 이들의 혼색으로 만들어지는 이차색과 Red, Green, Blue 이론값이 어떤 양상을 보이는지와 그 차이를 검토한다. 검토 후에는 포스터컬러의 혼색으로 추출된 이차색과 시판제품의 유채색 기본10세트와의 색을 비교 분석하여 세트의 구성의 문제점을 분석한다. 분석 결과 첫 번째, 일차색 이론값에 해당하는 시판제품의 혼색 결과 색력1)의 차이로 정확한 이차색이 나오지 못하여 혼색교육에 적합하지 못한 경우도 있었다. 두 번째, 시판제품의 기본 10색 세트 포스터컬러와 감법혼색의 일차색, 이차색 이론값과는 다소 차이가 있었다. 특히 Cyan의 이론값에 해당하는 Blue계열색상은 시판제품에서는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 세 번째, 시판제품 중 미술가들이 Red의 대표적인 색상을 Carmine으로, Green의 대표적인 색상을 Viridian으로 알고 있지만, 이론값과는 차이가 있었다. 네 번째, 시판제품의 일차색인 Cyan, Magenta, Yellow의 혼색으로 얻은 결과물의 색상 값이 이론적인 이차색과 정확히 일치할 수 있다면 가장 이상적이나 현실적으로 차이를 보이며, 정확한 이차색들을 단색으로 세트에 구성하는 경우 색의 구성을 좀 더 고려할 필요가 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 감법혼색의 이론과 시판 화구제품을 사용하여 나타나는 혼색교육의 문제점을 제기하고 해결방법을 제시하여 혼색 교육에서 오는 혼돈을 방지하고 올바른 색채교육을 가능하게 할 수 있는 다양한 시판 화구제품의 개발을 촉구 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Traditionally, the three primary colors of light, paints and picture have been differently recognized. However it is true that scientific and organized education and expression of color became possible since subtractive mixture and additive mixture of colors were organized, scientific measuring and expression of color were developed and color mixture theory of Kubelka-Munk was introduced. However, in reality, coloring education should be accompanied with practice but necessary paints of pictures have lots of problems to realize coloring theory enough because of product limit. Nonetheless, this study has importance to education coloring with paints which are available on market based on subtractive mixture theory, in reality. This research extracts the closest poster color to theory of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and reviews what aspects will be shown from secondary colors from the above mixture and theories of Red, Green, Blue. After review, we would like to compare and analyze extracted secondary colors from poster colors extraction and original 10 colors of chromatic colors and discuss solutions of organization of original 10 color set. The results are as follows: first, according to mixture of available products in market which is relevant to theory of first color, there were some cases that were not appropriate for mixture coloring education with unclear secondary color because of difference of color force. Also, even though you may get similar colors with secondary coloring theory, chroma was lowered. Second, the original 10 poster color set in market and theory of first and secondary colors of subtractive mixture were slightly different. Especially, we could not find blue colors for theory of Cyan in market. Third, among products in market, artists have known the representative color for red is carmine and the one for green is viridian, but there were differences between theory values. Fourth, there are some cases of expressing similar colors with first color mixture of products in market and single type products of vermilion, light green, cobalt blue which are similar with theory value of secondary colors. Thus, it is necessary to be considered when you are about to but the original 10 color set and poster color products. This study raises issues of mixture color education which are shown when using theory of subtractive color and painting products in market and suggests solutions so that confusion from mixture education is prevented and various painting products are available in market for proper coloring education can be promoted.

관개방법에 따른 논에서의 영양물질 배출부하 특성 비교

황하선 ( Ha Sun Hwang ),윤춘경 ( C. G. Yoon ),전지홍 ( Ji Hong Jeon ),공동수 ( Dong Soo Kong ),신동석 ( D. S. Shin ) 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2004 No.-

수질오염총량 단위유역의 유량조건별 수체 손상 평가를 위한 부하지속곡선 적용성 연구

황하선 ( Ha Sun Hwang ),윤춘경 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon ),김지태 ( Ji Tae Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2010 한국물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.6

The purpose of this study was evaluated on the applicability of Load Duration Curve Method (LDC Method) using HSPF watershed model and sampling data for efficient TMDLs in Korea. The LDC Method was used for assessment pollutant characteristics in watershed and water quality variation in each water flow level. Load Duration Curve is applied for judge the level of impaired water-body and can be estimated the impaired level by pollutant, such as BOD, I-N, and T-P in this study depending on variation of stream flow. As a result, BOD, T-P was usually exceed the standard value at low flow and dry hydrologic period. Improvement of effluent concentration from WWTP and riparian buffer protection zone are effective to improve the water quality. T-N showed the worst condition at mid-range hydrologic period and moist hydrologic period. Therefore, soil erosion control program and BMPs for non-point source pollution control is effective for recovery the water quality, which can be useful method for management of water quality in the plan of recovery water quality spontaneously. Applicability of LDC Method was evaluated in the Nakbon A watershed. However, we need to consider more detailed and accumulated data set such as accurate G1S data and detail pollution data, and WWTP discharge water quality data for accurate evaluation of watershed. Overall, The LDC Method is adequate for evaluation of watersheds characteristics, and its application is recommended for watershed management and TMDL Implementation.

방송제작자들의 디지털포비아(Digitalphobia)에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

황하성 ( Ha Sung Hwang ),김미경 ( Mi Kyung Kim ) 한국지역언론학연합회 2007 언론과학연구 Vol.7 No.4

낙동강수계 3단계 광역시,도 경계지점 목표수질 설정을 위한 관리권역 및 관리목표 설정 방법 연구

황하선 ( Hasun Hwang ),박지형 ( Jihyung Park ),김용석 ( Yongseok Kim ),류덕희 ( Doughee Rhew ),최유진 ( Yujin Choi ),이성준 ( Sungjun Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.5

The current Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC) sets the Target Water Quality (TWQ) by utilizing the delivery ratio, unit loads, and water quality modeling, it also allocates the watershed’s permitted discharge load. Currently, common target pollutants of every unit watershed in TPLC are BOD and T-P. This study has reviewed the 1th and 2th of TWQ setting process for the Nakdong River 3th TWQ setting in Total Pollution Load Control (TPLC). As a result of review, 1th and 2th were divided into one management basin (mulgeum) for setting management goals. However, 3th was divided into six management basins (mulgeum, gnagjeong, geumho river, nam river, miryang river, end of nakdong river). The principle of management goal setting were to achieve the objective criteria of Medium Areas for the linkage of the water environment management policy. And Anti-Degredation (principle of preventing deterioration) were applied to the 3th TWQ. Also, additional indicators were considered in accordance with the reduction scenarios for the final management goals.

유역모형을 이용한 유량조건별 배출계수 산정 및 활용방안 연구

황하선 ( Ha Sun Hwang ),이한필 ( Han Pil Rhee ),박지형 ( Jihyung Park ),김용석 ( Yong Seok Kim ),이성준 ( Sung Jun Lee ),안기홍 ( Ki Hong Ahn ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.6

TPLMS (Total water pollutant load management system) that is the most powerful water-quality protection program have been implemented since 2004. In the implementation of TPLMS, target water-quality and permissible discharged load from each unit watershed can be decided by water-quality modeling. And NPS (Non-point sources) discharge coefficients associated with certain (standard) flow are used on estimation of input data for model. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) recommend NPS discharge coefficients as 0.15 (Q275) and 0.50 (Q185) in common for whole watershed in Korea. But, uniform coefficient is difficult to reflect various NPS characteristics of individual watershed. Monthly NPS discharge coefficients were predicted and estimated using surface flow and water-quality from HSPF watershed model in this study. Those coefficients were plotted in flow duration curve of study area (Palger stream and Geumho C watershed) with monthly average flow. Linear regression analysis was performed about NPS discharge coefficients of BOD, T-N and T-P associated with flow, and R2 of regression were distributed in 0.893~0.930 (Palger stream) and 0.939~0.959 (Geumho C). NPS Discharge coefficient through regression can be estimated flexibly according to flow, and be considered characteristics of watershed with watershed model.