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한민수(M . S . Han),홍성화(S . H . Hong),이상목(S . M . Lee),장린(R . Chang),이정일(J . I . Lee),장영운(Y . W . Chang),김병호(B . H . Kim),김효종(H . J . Kim),동석호(S . H . Dong) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.2
Objectives: There is no difficulty in the diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma because of early occurrence of obstructive jaundice. Though prolonged survival can be expected with surgical resection, being advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, radical resection has been impossible in most cases. Recently the significant interest has been focused on this lesion and the aggressive surgical resection increased, but the results were various. Thus, the present study was performed to evaulate the clinical characteristics of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: We evaluated retrospectively 63 cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma which were diagnosed at Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1988 to July 1994. Results: 1) The mean age of the patients was 58±12.0 years and the ratio of male to female was 2.9: 1. 2) Jaundice was the most common symptom (85.7%) followed by abdominel pain(53.9%), weight loss (34.9%) and pruritus(30.1%). 3) Of 13 cases(20.6%) who underwent surgical resection, 7 cases(11.1%) had curative resection. PTBD was performed in 4i cases(73%), radiotherapy in 7 cases(11.1%), chemotherapy in 4 cases (6.3%) and metallic stent insertion in 7 cases (11.1%). 4) The mean survival time was 15.3±3.0 months in resection group(13 cases, 20.6%) and 4.8±0.5 months in non-resection group(50 cases, 79.4%). The survival time of resection group was longer than that of non-resection group(p<0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, the prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma is extremely poor and the prolonged survival can be expected with surgical resection. Thus, to determine the resectability, early diagnosis is important and accurate preoperative staging is necessary
디지털 보청기 사용자를 위한 압신 알고리즘의 성능 연구
황윤수,한종희,지윤상,홍성화,이상민,김동욱,김인영,김선일,Hwang, Y.S.,Han, J.H.,Ji, Y.S.,Hong, S.H.,Lee, S.M.,Kim, D.W.,Kim, In-Young,Kim, Sun-I. 대한의용생체공학회 2011 의공학회지 Vol.32 No.3
Companding algorithms have been used to enhance speech recognition in noise for cochlea implant users. The efficiency of using companding for digital hearing aid users is not yet validated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the companding for digital hearing aid users in the various hearing loss cases. Using HeLPS, a hearing loss simulator, two different sensorinerual hearing loss conditions were simulated; mild gently sloping hearing loss(HL1) and moderate to steeply sloping hearing loss(HL2). In addition, a non-linear compression was simulated to compensate for hearing loss using national acoustic laboratories-non-linear version 1(NAL-NL1) in HeLPS. In companding, the following four different companding strategies were used changing Q values(q1, q2) of pre-filter(F filter) and post filter(G filter). Firstly, five IEEE sentences which were presented with speech-shaped noise at different SNRs(0, 5, 10, 15 dB) were processed by the companding. Secondly, the processed signals were applied to HeLPS. For comparison, signals which were not processed by companding were also applied to HeLPS. For the processed signals, log-likelihood ratio(LLR) and cepstral distance(CEP) were measured for evaluation of speech quality. Also, fourteen normal hearing listeners performed speech reception threshold(SRT) test for evaluation of speech intelligibility. As a result of this study, the processed signals with the companding and NAL-NL1 have performed better than that with only NAL-NL1 in the sensorineural hearing loss conditions. Moreover, the higher ratio of Q values showed better scores in LLR and CEP. In the SRT test, the processed signals with companding(SRT = -13.33 dB SPL) showed significantly better speech perception in noise than those processed using only NAL-NL1(SRT = -11.56 dB SPL).