지속가능한 공간을 위한 재료 활용 웹 디자인 개발

하숙녕 한국공간디자인학회 2023 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.18 No.5

(연구배경 및 목적) 오늘날 기술 문명 지향의 산업사회가 야기한 환경 문제를 해결하려는 대안으로써 환경에 아무런 해로운 영향을 미치지 않고 지속성이 있거나 모든 제품이 수명이 다한 후에도 다른 용도로 쓰이기 위해 재사용할 것을 적극 권장하고 있으며, 나아가 지구 환경 문제의 심각성을 인식하고 대처하기 위한 방법을 모색하기 시작하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공간을 디자인함에 있어 사용된 후 버려질 산업제품이나 이미 사용했던 자원들을 다시 사용하기 위해 원활한 공급과 수요가 이루어질 수 있도록 재사용 재료의 활성화를 위한 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위한 해결방안으로 재료 웹사이트를 개발하는 것을 목표로 하며, 디자인 개발범위는 다양한 재사용 재료들의 정보자원의 역할로써 웹상의 맵(Map)을 통해 편리하게 공수하는 것을 목적으로 한다. (연구방법) 웹 서비스 구축을 위한 디자인 개발의 범위로는 재사용 재료(Re-used Material)에 중점을 두고 진행하고자 하며, 관련 자료 고찰을 통해 연구의 필요성을 언급하고자 한다. 아울러 현재 실행되고 있는 국내‧외 대표 재료 웹사이트 사례들을 비교 분석함으로써 재료 활용 웹 디자인의 서비스 환경을 구축하고자 한다. 이를 위해 웹사이트 프로토타입의 기획 및 설계를 통해 디자인을 도출하고 완성된 웹 프로토타입을 기반으로 하여 전문가 대상으로 의견을 수렴함으로써 개선점을 찾고 방향을 제언하고자 한다. (결과) 개발한‘리디자인팩토리’의 웹 디자인 프로세스는 다음과 같다. 재사용 자재를 선정하기 위한 첫 번째 단계는 재료를 보유하고 있는 장소의 위치, 종류, 수량, 규격, 활용사례를 통한 아이디어 제공 등 자재 주문 시 고려해야 하는 사항과 수거를 위한 단계이다. 두 번째 단계는 재사용 재료를 활용한 디자인 설계 및 프로세스 단계로 수거한 재사용 재료를 이용하여 설계 또는 시공에 필요한 자료를 검색하고 과정을 통해 이해를 돕는 과정이다. 이는 재료를 적용하고 제작하는데 있어서 시간적인 절약과 다양한 방법으로 연출할 수 있도록 아이디어를 제공한다. 마지막으로 디자인 결과물 실행단계는 이 모든 과정을 거친 디자인에 한하여 소셜 네트워크를 활용하는 단계로써 Facebook, Twitter, You tube, Instagram, Blogs, CSR 웹사이트 등을 통해 모든 전 과정을 등록함으로써 재사용 재료를 활용한 공간을 전파시키고 활성화시키는 방법을 제시한다. (결론) 본 디자인을 기반으로 하여 향후 연구에서는 웹을 활용하는데 있어서 공급과 수요가 원활하게 이루어졌는지 파악하고자 공급자와 수요자를 대상으로 의견을 수렴함으로써 문제점과 한계점을 파악하여 개선점을 제안하고자 한다.

지속가능한 공간디자인을 위한 재사용 디자인의 웹 개발에 대한 기초연구 -전문가 심층 인터뷰를 중심으로-

하숙녕,이준민 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.3

(Background and Purpose) As a preliminary study on developing a reuse design website for sustainable space, this study aims to lay the foundation for activating sustainable space by creating a reuse design environment, expanding consumers’ participation in it, and disseminating it through web development. Therefore, this study intends to approach and solve substantial, realistic reuse design website development issues by conducting in-depth interviews with space design experts. (Method) Twenty-five experts who have experience working with reusable materials were selected as individual in-depth interviewees. The subjects were mostly women who majored in interior space design. They were working people in their 40s and 50s, with about 20 years of related work experience and expertise in education and research. To conduct the interviews, a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of open questions was readied in advance and applied mainly based on a list that is generally applicable to reusable materials. Later, research was carried out as a main interview method for eliciting more in-depth interviewee responses to descriptive questions by asking the question again in a more specific, analytical way. (Results) This study intended to present a solution and activate the use of reusable materials by considering related issues through in-depth interviews with experts. To this end, data were collected using the in-depth interview method, which is a qualitative research method, and the following implications were presented in four categories, namely market analysis, sustainability, marketing and sales, and distribution services, based on the results, which comprised 12 derived characteristics. First, market analysis with respect to reusable materials was found to have a positive effect on the public through expanded social interest in reuse and recycling. In particular, an examination of remodeling cases for existing aging spaces revealed infinite possibilities for utilizing reusable materials. Second, in terms of sustainability, an important aspect of utilizing reusable materials is to bolster public confidence in environmental friendliness, for which acts of environmental preservation, such as minimizing environmental destruction and reducing waste, were found to take priority. Third, the importance of advertising and promotion to marketing and sales was highlighted as crucial to vitalizing the utilization of reusable materials in various fields. Fourth, in terms of distribution services, it was confirmed that from website design to development, distribution, and commercialization, expansion is essential to the smooth distribution of reusable materials. (Conclusions) This study should provide ideas and opportunities for the many designers who are tasked with creating innovative new designs through web design and the use of reusable materials in environmentally sustainable spaces. (연구배경 및 목적) 본 연구는 지속가능한 공간을 위한 재사용 디자인의 웹 개발을 위한 예비 연구로써 웹 개발을 통해 재사용 디자인 환경을 조성하고 많은 수요자들의 참여를 확장하고 보급함으로써 지속가능한 공간의 활성화에 기여할 수 있는 토대를 마련하는데 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 재사용 디자인을 활용한 웹 사이트 개발을 위해 공간디자인 분야의 전문가를 중심으로 심층인터뷰를 실시함으로써 보다 실질적이고 현실적인 문제에 대해 접근하고 이를 해결하고자 한다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 조사를 위해 조사대상자는 재사용 재료 관련 분야의 업무경력이 있는 전문가들 25명을 대상으로 개별 심층인터뷰를 실시하였다. 조사대상자는 주로 실내·공간디자인 전공의 여성이 대부분이었으며, 관련업무경력이 20년 전후인 40~50대 실무직과 교육·연구직에 종사하는 전문가들로 구성되었다. 진행방법으로는 재사용 재료 관련 전반에 해당되는 목록을 토대로 연구자가 작성한 반구조화된 개방형 질문지를 중심으로 조사가 이루어졌으며, 주된 면접기법으로는 서술적인 질문에 따른 조사대상자의 답변에 대해 좀 더 구체적이고 분석적인 재질문을 하여 심화된 응답자의 대답을 유도할 수 있도록 사다리법(ladder research)으로 진행하였다. (결과) 본 전문가 심층인터뷰 조사를 통하여 재사용 재료 활용과 관련된 문제를 고려하여 해결방안을 제시하고 더욱 활성활 시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 질적 연구방법인 심층면접법을 사용하여 자료를 수집하였으며 도출된 12가지 특성의 결과를 기반으로 시장분석, 지속가능성, 마케팅 영업, 유통 서비스의 4가지로 구분하여 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시하였다. 첫째, 재사용 재료 관련 시장 분석을 통해 본 결과, 재사용, 재활용에 대한 사회적 관심이 확대되면서 대중에게도 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 기존의 노후화된 공간 리모델링 사례를 살펴보면서 재사용 재료 활용에 대한 무한한 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 지속가능성 측면에서 검토해 본 결과, 재사용 재료를 활용에서 중요한 것은 환경 친화성에 대한 공신력을 갖추는 것으로써 환경 파괴를 최소화하고 폐기물을 줄이는 등의 환경보존이 우선적 의미가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 마케팅 영업 측면에서 검토해 본 결과, 다양한 분야에서 재사용 재료의 활용을 활성화시킬 수 있으려면 광고와 홍보가 마케팅에서 얼마나 중요한지 알 수 있었다. 넷째, 유통 서비스 측면에서 검토해 본 결과, 재사용 재료의 원활한 유통을 위해서 웹 사이트 디자인에서부터 개발, 보급, 실용화까지의 확장이 필수적이라는 것을 본 연구의 조사를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. (결론) 본 연구를 통해 환경지속적인 공간을 위한 재사용 재료의 웹 디자인 및 구현으로 인해 새로운 디자인을 창조해야 하는 많은 디자이너들에게 아이디어를 제공함과 동시에 혁신적인 디자인을 창조할 수 있는 기회를 마련해야 할 것이다.

재사용 재료를 적용한 지속가능한 실내디자인에 관한 연구

하숙녕,이정교 한국공간디자인학회 2012 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 현대 소비사회에서 과잉 생산되어 방치되거나 폐기되는 재료들을 이용하여 1차 가공만을 거쳐 공간에 다시 사용함으로써 지속적인 재료로 재창조된 사례들을 분석하고자 한다. 산업화된 사회에서 많은 양의 자재들과 제품들은 사용되지 않고 그대로 비축 혹은 종종 폐기처리 된다. 이 과정에서 발생되는 폐기물을 지속가능한 재사용 재료로 정의하고 이를 실내의 부분이나 전체를 계획하는 과정에서 다시 사용함으로써 재사용재료의 당위성을 갖는다. 이에 따라 재사용 재료를 가연성과 불연성으로 분류한 후, 실내디자인에 적용된 재사용 재료의 종류와 특성을 분석한다. 분석결과, 제일 많이 사용된 재사용 재료는 불연성의 금속류였으며, 그 중 컨테이너박스가 가장 많이 조사되었다. 이는 내구성이 좋고 오래 지속적으로 사용할 수 있는 재료들로써 간단한 도구를 사용하고도 변형이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 가연성 폐기물은 나무류가 가장 많이 사용되었다. 또한 대부분의 재사용 재료는 실내전체에 사용되기 보다는 부분적으로 혼합되어 적용되었으므로 한 장소에 다양한 소재들이 조사되었다. 공간의 유형은 주거공간이 7곳, 상업공간이 5곳, 전시공간과 업무공간 그리고 복합문화공간이 각각 1곳으로 조사됨으로써 다양한 유형의 공간에서 사용되었다. 이는 새로운 디자인을 창조해야 하는 많은 디자이너들에게 단순히 새로운 재료들을 추가하는 대신에, 그전에 존재하고 있었던 것들을 새로운 방법으로 대체하여 적용할 수 있는 아이디어를 제공함과 동시에 혁신적인 디자인을 창조할 수 있다는 것을 재확인하였다. This study is to analyze examples of reproduction of objects that are left over, or disused because of overproduction in a consumer society through a single process, making them continuously useful by placing them in space. In industrialized societies, a large amount of materials and products are unused and accumulated. The industrial waste produced in this process of accumulation can be considered as a sustainable reused material, and it gets validity of reusable material as it becomes reused in a part of an interior or the whole part of it. Therefore, reused materials in interior design can be analysed by categorizing them into raw combustible incombustible. The result of the analysis, the most reused material was a container box, also metallic materials were used a lot. They are durable and sustainable materials that can be transformed with only simple tools. In combustible waste, the mostly used material was wood, and the others were used partly by mixed with other materials. Also, the types of researched space are 7 living places, 5 commercial spaces, 1 exhibition places, a working place and a cultural complex. For many designers who create new designs, it suggests and proves an idea of creating a new and innovative thing out of existing objects rather than just using new materials.

A Study on the Value of Minimalism in Yoshio Taniguchi's Museum

하숙녕 사단법인 미래융합기술연구학회 2021 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.7 No.7

Recently, design work to empty a space has been arousing the interest of many people through the mass media. The phrase ‘to empty a space’ is synonymous with the meaning of ‘to empty’, or ‘something not there’, ‘to remove’, ‘to be tidy’. In the artistic sense,'minimal' implies the meanings of 'excluding decorations','refined images', and 'simple lines or planes'. The beginning of the 20th century tended to be led by the Modern Movement, and by the end of the 60s, many other styles of architecture based on the Ideology of Modernism were formed. As part of the modernism, a new art trend called 'Minimalism' emerged, and it was derived not only into indoor spaces, but also into various fields such as music, culture, movies, fashion, architecture, furniture, and design. Most of all In 1997, the project that drew the greatest attention from the world's architectural world was the architectural design competition of The Museum of Modern Art in New York, the center of modern architecture and contemporary art. It was a difficult task that attracted the attention of the world, as the extension would be built right next to such a famous building, resulting in comparison and evaluation. The final winner was this unexpected figure, Yoshio Taniguchi of Japan. Therefore, in this study the characteristics of minimalism in space are analyzed in connection with the elements that make up the space centered on the museum designed by Yoshio Taniguchi. The analysis items are divided into the elements applied to the design, the connection of the space, and the characteristics of materials, based on which this study attempts to analyze the value of the space. As the method of this study, minimalism was examined through review of literature and previous studies, and characteristics were analyzed through each case on how to express natural elements and plan in connection with certain spatial elements for minimalist design against four art museums designed by Yoshio Taniguchi between 1991 and 2004 through personal visits and excerpts from web searches and literature. As a result of analyzing his work, the characteristics of minimalism of Yoshio Taniguchi are a simple box-shaped structure, implement artificial and natural lightings and the spirit of emptiness. In the early 1990s, Taniguchi pursued a style of creating spaces with elaborate horizontal and vertical divisions, and Inokuma Museum became a decisive moment in completing such a style. Yoshio Taniguchi‘s works went beyond the refined and minimalist style of European designers and had a subtle oriental lyricism there. While the conflicting concepts of bigness and rusticity flew through neat straight lines and curves, they had a deep meaning. After all, the morphological motif of his minimalism architecture can be found in modernist thoughts of the West, but the philosophical motif and its development can be found in the view of nature of the East.

창의적 문제해결 능력 함양을 위한 PBL 중심의 공간디자인 연구

하숙녕,장은지 한국공간디자인학회 2022 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.17 No.8

(Background and Purpose) Today, the policies of higher education institutions focus on introducing an education system to nurture creative convergence talent. Among the educational methods for developing these abilities, PBL is recognized as an effective educational alternative to develop creative problem-solving abilities. Therefore, this study aimed to derive implications through the entire design process and the completed results to develop creative problem-solving abilities through a PBL-applied class model in the education field of Shop Space Design. (Method) This study first establishes the basis of the instructional model through PBL-related literature. Second, it applies the designed class model to the “Shop Space Design” course to second-year students majoring in spatial design at a university in Korea. Third, it conducts a survey of students who participated in the class, evaluates and analyzes the academic achievement of problem-solving and self-directed learning, and derives the applicability and implications of the PBL instructional model. (Results) The survey showed that satisfaction was generally high in the evaluation at each stage of the class. In the first stage of planning, the second plan drafting was as high as 94%. In this process, it is judged that students who had no experience in the field solved a problem through the process of acting and observing on their own while exploring and checking the space. In the second stage, the process of reconfirming the problem and deriving a solution, it was found that the continuous feedback of the instructor facilitated problem-solving. In the third stage of evaluation, more than 94% of the students responded that it was helpful in developing problem solving and self-directed learning in the final presentation, evaluation, and final panel stage. Finally, it is considered a significant step for problem solving that shows results by making efforts until the end through voluntary participation and collaboration of the students themselves to solve community problems through the entire process of planning, checking, implementing, and solving. (Conclusions) This study was conducted by applying a learner-centered class model in the process of finding and solving problems in the community, and its significance is to verify it through the evaluation of factors and results for problem-solving abilities by applying it to the actual education field. It is expected that this will serve as a basis for continuous instructional model development in spatial design major courses in the future.

A Study on Consumer Awareness for the Active Use of Reused Materials for a Sustainable Space

하숙녕 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.6

(Background and Purpose) As an alternative to solve environmental problems caused by a technology-driven industrial society, it is highly recommended that objects be repurposed after their end of lives without inducing a detrimental effect on the environment. It is time to systematically supply and manage such materials so that they can be continuously provided to the design industry. Therefore, this study attempts to approach and solve practical and realistic problems through an FGI survey to activate the use of reused materials for sustainable space design. (Method) Five groups were formed that were each composed of four subjects of an actual consumer group interested in eco-friendly, reusable, and sustainable space design. The subjects were in their 40s-50s, had a university or higher degree, and mainly resided in apartments. Because the subject groups were interested in concepts related to this study, it is considered to be sufficient to draw a more diverse and concrete opinion. The researcher conducted a workshop based on a questionnaire in an atmosphere where group opinions could be freely discussed, and then summarized the results. (Results) This FGI survey confirmed the results of a preceding statistical survey on the awareness, preference, and experience of reused materials. The main results are as follows. First, in the statistical survey, 48% of the respondents were aware of reused materials to a moderate degree; in the FGI survey, they generally knew about them. Second, the statistical survey results showed that detailed guidelines and a maintenance plan for reused materials are required in order for them to be used in space design; however, the FGI survey results showed that it is necessary to diversify the types as well as to secure demands. Third, when applying them to the space design, most respondents said that it is necessary to consider environmental friendliness, price, and harmony with the surroundings. Also, when choosing reused materials, statistics respondents preferred low-cost, easy-to-maintain, and long-lasting materials, while FGI respondents preferred long-lasting, easy-to-maintain, and low-cost eco-friendly materials, taking design, color, and structure into consideration. Finally, the FGI respondents demanded that the materials be long-lasting, easily disposable, and easy to maintain when they are used for space design in construction in the future. (Conclusion) In order to utilize the reused materials in space, it is necessary for the required resources to be smoothly supplied or directly collected through a network convention when and where they are needed. In order for a sustainable design with insight for a future to be established through this study, a new sustainable design axis of a social network and consumer participation should be formed for balanced development.

사무용수납가구 디자인을 위한 수납가구 이용행태에 관한 사례연구

하숙녕 ( Sook Nyung Ha ),신화경 ( Hwa Kyoung Shin ) 상명대학교 디자인硏究所 2006 디자인硏究 Vol.18 No.-

사무실 환경에 맞는 수납가구의 디자인은 외형도 중요하지만 수납물품에 따른 적합한 가구선택 및 내부디자인이 요구된다. 즉, 업무형태, 수납행태 등에 부합하는 수납가구 디자인의 중요성이 더욱 강조된다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사무실 근무자를 대상으로 수납가구의 이용행태와 사용상의 문제점 및 요구를 파악하여 수납가구 디자인을 위한 자료를 제시하고자 한다. 구체적인 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수납가구에 대한 사용실태를 파악한다 둘째, 수납가구별 수납행태를 파악한다. 셋째, 수납가구별 요구되는 설계 및 디자인을 파악한다. 수납가구별 이용행태에 관한 사례조사 결과에 의한 수납가구디자인의 방향은 다음과 같다. -수납가구의 내부구획 및 단의 높이 등은 수납하고자 하는 물품의 종류와 관련이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. -수납가구는 수납물품의 정리 패턴 및 종류에 따라 사용상의 차이를 보일 수 있으므로 bookcase와 cabinet 등은 내부 단 높이 조절이 요구되며 선반이 휘지 않도록 견고해야 한다. 또한 서랍 처리가 된 경우의 수납가구는 서랍이 너무 세분화 되어 얇은 서랍에 수납할 수 있는 용품을 제한하지 않도록 하는 배려가 필요하다. -선반이나 서랍 안에도 수납물품을 정리, 보관하는데 필요한 divider(간막이)가 요구되며 divider의 형태는 사용자에 따라 그 칸이나 넓이를 조정할 수 있도록 하는 배려가 있어야 한다. 또한 내부 구획에 의한 수납이 부족하거나 없는 경우에는 에에 대체할 만한 엑세서리를 개발하여 외부에서도 부착하여 사용할 수 있는 디자인이 필요하다. -팀구성의 변화와 이동은 수납가구의 재배치 및 수납 물품의 재정리를 요하게 되므로 수납물품의 재배치 및 정리작업에 소용되는 시간절약을 위해 개인용 수납가구에 대한 배려 및 이에 대한 이동성이 디자인에 반영되어야 한다. -수납용 가구의 위치는 대부분 책상 옆에 위치하기를 희망하였으며, 가구의 높이가 낮은 경우에는 책상과 연결하여 작업면으로 연장하여 사용할 수 있도록 책상면과 연관된 디자인이 필요하다. The design of office furniture requires to be circumspective for both the exterior and interior perspective, meaning that it should be appropriate for the office environment and specious for the filing purpose. In other words, the arrangement of office furniture should be efficient along with specious filing cabinets inside the furniture. Interviewing office workers over problems and requirements on office furniture, I intend to provide the fittest office furniture design. Case study is as follows. First, Identify worker demands to office furniture. Second, case study on the filing usage by furniture. Third, identify the design requirements for each filing system furnitures. In accordance with case studies, the design filing furniture shall be as follows. Inner design (division/height of shelf) of filing furniture is closely linked with what is filed. Given that the filing furniture would be flexible depending on how to file and what to file, shelves of bookcase and cabinet shall not be easily bent but easily convertible in height. However, note that the divided drawer shall not be too narrow to file. For neat arrangement, dividers are necessary for shelf and drawer. The shape of divider shall be flexible, not fixed, so that users can change corresponding to their purpose. Furniture accessory, attachable outside of the furniture, shall be developed in case for lack of inner space. Corporate reshuffle is accompanied by rearrangements of office furniture and filing furniture. As such office furniture design shall reflect portability to save time and efforts regarding the rearrangements. The results of this showed case study that most workers prefer the filing furniture closely located to the desk. For more efficient furniture design, the surface of filing furniture shall be convertible to the extension of the main desk.

전통시장의 공간계획 및 연출에 관한 현황 연구

하숙녕 ( Sooknyung Ha ) 한국공간디자인학회 2015 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.10 No.5

(Research Background & Purpose)Korea``s traditional markets seriously have lost their own everyday cultural values and not in harmony with surrounding spaces, due to modernization for the past 100 years. Everyday culture can be expressed in form of design as it is. However, people have turned away from Korea``s traditional markets due to their facilities that fall behind and market environments not in harmony. More recently, our traditional markets are much changing, being spurred by national nurturing projects, improving to cope up with new industrial environment. In order to revitalize our traditional markets, many ways are tried through effective culture/design programs, enhanced competitiveness over hypermarket, supplementation/evaluation of traditional market programs for ongoing development/improvement and extended facilities for better market environment. In this regard, the analysis was made in this study, on six domestic/overseas cases, especially in terms of display and spatial planning of facilities through which market environment can be seen at a glance. (Research Method) In this study, spatial planning, ceiling design, store and market opening sign, display method and lighting were examined in domestic/overseas traditional markets from design perspectives, to further draw the current status of our designs, problems and ways for improvement, in order to look into design trends in terms of spatial structure and display method especially in traditional markets delivering various lifestyles and cultures, For the analysis, 6 domestic/overseas traditional markets were chosen, to extract data provided by literatures and web sites and through visits in February 2014 for domestic case studies, and to extract data through search and visit during from April through to August in 2015 for domestic case studies. In particular, most of domestic cases included representative markets known as local culture and history, of which national projects have been planned or completed. (Result)In the results of analysis, it was planned as geometric space structure in all domestic cases, and monotone colour planning and unopen booths found in many of them. They failed to give unified feelings due to the display of many items in one spot. In addition, most of them were structured with high and domed ceilings. From overseas cases, they contained designs with their history, tradition and nostalgia from the past, for differentiation. Such design elements include old buildings, signs, stands and wood/steel with local color expressed, in order to inform history of a city and that of a market. From the spatial planning, they planned various forms using geometric vertical/horizontal grid and circular/centripetal figure. In such spaces, the repair and the clean indoor environment of storage methods and selling stands were well maintained. (Conclusion)It was found that there was higher daily average sales amount compared to the previous year, in most of markets with facilities modernization support project applied. In conclusion, it was also critical element to improve traditional market where various lifestyles and cultures are delivered by making good use of designs and cultural aspects through facilities modernization.

프랭크 로이드 라이트와 찰스 레니 맥킨토시의 가구디자인 특성 비교 연구

하숙녕(Ha, Sook-Nyung),한영호(Han, Young-Ho) 한국실내디자인학회 2010 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.19 No.6

There is a commonality between Frank Lloyd Wright and Charles Rennie Mackintosh in that they created the new patterns of geometric Art Nouveau from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This study compares the furniture of Wright and Mackintosh who had significant impacts on the development of modern design for each of the periods divided by their design feature to find the individualities and similarities of their design. It is an analytical approach with an accurate understanding of the design trends of the Art Nouveau era. The results of the furniture comparison are as follows: The finding is that Wright and Mackintosh designed creative furniture in harmony with a specific indoor space. Organic design was well expressed through the selection and use of wooden materials. Based on the understanding of tree characteristics, they did not use detailed decorations, but designed the simple and rigorous forms of furniture with highlighted interest in geometry. As for shape, Wright’s furniture in his early days tend to be look largely formal and heavy. Since his debut in Japan in 1905, the furniture design became very sophisticated. On the other hand, Mackintosh’s chairs are characterized by plenty of geometric patterns and long back. In many cases, his chairs were designed as part of formative elements in space, not for the purpose of furniture itself. As for materials and colors, Wright used mainly cherry wood. And he also utilized metals colored in olive green, red-brown and others for office furniture. The frames, fabrics and leather used lor most of the furniture have natural colors, which are harmonious with spaces. Meantime, Mackintosh used primarily oak and ash trees. He used seat cushions and various colors to make the design of furniture have a sophisticated and simple image. The materials used for seat panel are horsehair, rush, silk and leather. He applied these materials to the furniture by weaving or cutting them.

‘2012Architecten’의 사례 조사를 통한 재사용 디자인 전략

하숙녕(Sook Nyung Ha1),이정교(Jung Kyo Lee) 한국디자인학회 2013 디자인학연구 Vol.26 No.1