충격반향기법 및 웨이블릿 변환을 이용한 콘크리트 궤도 슬래브의 들뜸 및 이상개소 파악

조호진(Ho Jin Cho),박성백(Sung Baek Park),박재학(Jae Hak Park),권세곤(Se Gon Kwon),임유진(Yu Jin Lim) 한국철도학회 2017 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.20 No.6

The Social-Scientific Approach to Galatians in Light of Patronage in the Ancient Mediterranean World: The Social Description of Patron, Client, and Broker

조호형(Ho Hyung Cho) 한국복음주의신약학회 2021 신약연구 Vol.20 No.1

This article attempts a new understanding of Galatians’ context in light of the patronage system of the ancient world based on the social scientific method. In the first century A.D. when Galatians was written, the atmosphere of a society united by the system was dominated. The system consisted of a relationship between a patron, a client, and a broker. This paper presupposes the social atmosphere and examines a more profound situation beyond the superficial situation that the Galatians tried to abandon the gospel preached by Paul because of the teachings of false teachers who infiltrated the church. To this end, I examine the traces of the patronage system based on data from Aristotle, Seneca, Cicero, Sophocles, and Marcus Aurelius. A patron did a favor to a client, and the client was obliged to thank and had his duty to the patron. If any of the two parties does not fulfill one’s obligations in the mutual relationship, the patron or the client is subject to criticism in society and consequently shame. I applied the system found in ancient data to Galatians, revealing that the patron is God, the clients are Galatians, and the broker is Jesus Christ. God did a favor by giving the Galatians the status and identity of children through Christ the Mediator. Naturally, they had to thank God and live according to His will. However, they did not fulfill any obligation and were deceived by the propaganda of false teachers and tried to turn away from God. In Paul’s eyes, their actions were foolish enough to be criticized by society in those days. Through these results, I reveal from the patronage that the Galatians’ action to turn away from God was wrong in terms of honor and shame. 본 논문은 사회과학적인 방법을 근간으로 고대 세계의 후원제도 안에서 갈라디아서의 정황에 대한 새로운 이해를 시도한다. 갈라디아서가 저술된 A.D. 1세기는 후원제도로 결속된 사회의 분위기가 주를 이루었다. 이 제도는 후원자와 수혜자, 그리고 중개인의 관계로 이루어졌고, 사회 전체에 보편적으로 받아들여졌다. 본 논문은 이 사회적인 분위기를 충분히 전제하고, 교회에 침투한 거짓 교사들의 가르침에 의해 갈라디아인들이 미혹되어 바울이 전한 복음을 버리려고 한다는 표면적인 정황을 넘어, 이면의 상황을 조명한다. 이를 위해, 필자는 그 당시 아리스토텔레스(Aristotle), 세네카(Seneca), 키케로(Cicero), 소포클레스(Sophocles), 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스(Marcus Aurelius)의 자료들을 바탕으로 후원자와 수혜자, 그리고 중개인의 관계를 드러내면서, 후원제도에 대한 흔적들을 조사한다. 후원자는 수혜자에게 호의를 베풀고, 수혜자는 이 호의에 감사하고 그에게 의무를 다해야 했다. 만약 이 두 당사자의 상호 관계에서 의무를 다하지 않았을 때, 후원자나 수혜자는 사회에서 비난의 대상이 되며 결과적으로 수치를 당하게 된다. 필자는 여러 자료 안에서 발견된 후원제도를 갈라디아서에 적용하여 , 후원자는 하나님이며, 수혜자는 갈라디아인들이며, 중개인은 예수 그리스도임을 드러낸다. 하나님은 중재자 그리스도를 통하여 갈라디아인들에게 자녀의 신분과 정체성을 부여함으로써, 호의를 베풀었다. 자연스럽게 이들은 하나님에게 감사하며 그의 뜻대로 살아야 했다. 그러나 이들은 어떤 의무를 다하지 않고 거짓 교사들의 선전에 미혹되어, 하나님에게서 돌아서려고 했다. 바울이 보기에, 이들의 행동은 그 당시 사회에서 비난을 받아도 마땅할 정도로, 어리석은 것이었다. 이러한 결과물들을 통하여, 필자는 갈라디아서의 정황을 그 당시의 후원제도의 관점에서 드러내고, 후원자 하나님으로부터 돌아서고자 하는 수혜자 갈라디아인들의 행동이 명예와 수치의 관점에서 어느 정도로 잘못되었는지 사회과학적인 접근을 통하여 보여준다.

πâσα άνθρωπίνη κτίσιϛ에 대한 재고 - 베드로전서 2:13에 대한 새로운 해석 -

조호형(Ho Hyung Cho) 대한성서공회 2020 성경원문연구 Vol.0 No.46

One must rightly understand the context of life including a word in the source language to translate it rightly in the receptor language. In light of this conviction, I disclose in the study the meaning of πâσα άνθρωπίνη κτίσιϛ in 1 Peter 2:13. Remarkably, versions in Korean, English, and other languages translate πâσα into “every” and άνθρωπίνη into “human.” Nearly all versions also render κτίσιϛ into “institution” or “authority” in a consistent manner. Some lexicographers try to render κτίσιϛ into another meaning, but most Greek dictionaries and a number of scholars go with the general flow. However, I have asked a fundamental question as to whether it is rendered as the two meanings in the Septuagint and the New Testament: it occurs 15 times in the former and 19 times in the latter. As a matter of fact, it has never been rendered as “institution” or “authority” in history since ktis, ij was used by Pindar as an act to found and fulfill something. I especially put emphasis on grasping the meaning of κτίσιϛ in the context of passages to which it belongs, along with the historical circumstances. First, I detect the passage to which the phrase in 2:13 belongs, and see if it is included in the household codes. These codes deal with the relationship between human beings, not between human beings and institution; the phrase in 2:13-17 shows the attitude to rules Christians should take under the sovereignty of God. Second, I examine how ποτáσσω in 2:13 is used in 1 Peter, and disclose that it takes a person as an indirect object; πâσα άνθρωπίνη κτίσιϛ in 2:13 points to the person that is “emperor” or “governors” in 2:13-14. Third, I determine that the adjective anv qrwpi,nh before kti,sij occurs to make clear the meaning of kti,sij which has an inclusive meaning in the Septuagint and the New Testament. Last but not least, I notice in 1 Peter that the destination was the Asia Minor where the imperial cult was prevalent. Peter and the recipient of the letter might have known the circumstances of worshiping the emperor. In light of the situation, I manifest that the “Lord”(κτίσιϛ) is only Jesus Christ, and ποτáσσω means “appreciating” the position of the emperor in the sense of respecting him. By investigating in this manner, I come to conclude that πâσα άνθρωπίνη κτίσιϛ in 1 Peter 2:13 is “every human creature.”

갈라디아서 6:2에 나타난 "그리스도의 법"에 대한 연구

조호형(Ho Hyung Cho) 한국복음주의신약학회 2015 신약연구 Vol.14 No.4

I briefly introduce multifarious views regarding the phrase ο νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ in Galatians 6:2. I place my work within broad scholarship's trajectory by explaining my thesis that the νόμος in the phrase refers to "principle," unwritten law, rather than written law such as the Mosaic law or any other written laws. I investigate the usages of νόμος from the 7th century BC to 2nd century AD and pave the way for its various possible meanings. With the certainty that the meaning of a word is revealed in the context in which it is found, I argue that νόμος in the phrase in 6:2 refers to "principle," unwritten law in the situational context of Galatians. In a broad context, 6:2 is in 5:13-6:10, which is termed as Paraenesis, which is made up of exhortations for the people of the new covenant. In the narrower context, 6:2 belongs under section 5:25-6:6, which shows that they should perform in one community with the Christian principle of life, i.e. πνεύματι στοιχῶμεν ("Let us keep in step with the Spirit," 5:25). The verb, στοιχέω means being in line with a person considered as standard for one's conducts. Used with the πνευμα as a dative of association, στοιχέω implies a sense of order harmonized with the Christian principle formed by the Spirit. For Paul, being led by the Spirit is a sine quo non for believers who are the new people by faith in Christ. I explore ο νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ in 6:2 itself. First, I note that νόμος is used almost always in q positive sense in Galatians. Remarkably, Paul negatively depicts νόμος as the written Mosaic law throughout the letter. Through the difference of the two's tone, I maintain that the νόμος means unwritten law, that is, 'principle.' Why then does Paul use νόμος to signify 'principle'? In effect, as is appeared in his letters, he must have known other words such κανών, στοιχειον, and ἀρχή to mean 'principle'. Even so, he uses it as a device for communication with his recipients as two occurrences of νόμος demonstrate in 4:21. Second, I assert that the genitive Χριστοῦ is a genitive of production/producer, which creates the head noun modified by the genitive. According to this grammatical view, the phrase, ο νόμος τοῦ Χριστοῦ means the principle created by Christ. The principle results from the new era inaugurated by the crucified and risen Christ who is the turning point between the old age and the new one (3:23-25; 4:4-5). Third, as is generally known, the verb ἀναπληρόω, which takes the phrase as a direct object, has been understood as having a sense of fulfillment. However, as is mentioned above, it would be appropriate to mean "conforming to a standard" because Paul presents the principle of life for the people of the new age, i.e. the walking with the Spirit. Lastly, "burdens" include all problems that believers should bear in one community. In conclusion, in 6:2 Paul exhorts the people of the new era to conform to the new era's principle created by the crucified and risen Christ.

경찰공무원의 리더십 인식에 관한 연구

조호대 ( Cho Ho Dae ),조민상 ( Cho Min Sang ) 한국경찰학회 2011 한국경찰학회보 Vol.13 No.2

This study wished to grasp realization about supervisor`s leadership in view of low rank class to police officers. Analysis result, displayed difference of realization age, rank, period involved with ``Transformational Leadership``. Age, Rank, Period are constituent that a common is discovered regarding time. Also, realization about Work Form, Work Area displayed difference regarding ``Transactional Leadership``. Police organization`s activity achieves through mutual cooperation relation than police officer``s individual activity. Through this activity, the police can accomplish organizational goal achievement. Leadership is getting a lot of interests over several fields. There is various organization goals that seek in organization and various leadership exists. Considers ``dominoes effect`` about latent leader in police formation and may have to try in realization about leadership exhibition and leadership development.

일 지역 간호대학생의 자아존중감, 간호전문직관 및 조직몰입에 관한 연구

조호진(Cho, Ho-Jin),이종율(Lee, Jong-Yul) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.12

본 연구는 일 지역 간호대학생의 자아존중감, 전문직관 및 조직 몰입 간의 관계를 규명하기 위해 시도되었다. 자료수 집은 2015년 5월 23일에서 27일 사이에 J시에서 간호대학생 287명을 대상으로 시도되었다. 자료에 대한 분석은 평균, 표준 편차, t 검정, ANOVA, Scheffe`s test, Pearson 상관 계수, 단계적 다중 회귀 분석을 WIN SPSS 17.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석 하였다. 간호대학생들은 자아존중감, 간호전문직관 및 조직몰입에 대해 5점 만점에 각각 4.07점, 3.93점 및 3.75점의 평균값으로 나타났으며, 간호대학생의 자아존중감은 전문직관, 조직몰입과 통계적으로 유의한 순 상관관계를 보였고, 전문 직관과 조직몰입도 통계적으로 유의한 순 상관관계를 보였다. 자아존중감과 전문직관 두 측정변인은 간호대학생의 조직몰 입에 대해 47.2 %의 설명력을 보였다. 이에 간호대학생의 자아존중감과 전문직관을 증진시키는 교육을 통해 긍정적인 조직 몰입을 강화하는 것이 필요하다. Purpose : This study was done to identify the relationship among Self-esteem, Nursing professional values, Organizational commitment in a diploma nursing students. Method : A descriptive research design was used in this study. The participants were 287 nursing students in J city who were surveyed between May 23 and May 27, 2015. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 17.0 Program, which determined frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe`s test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. Result : The nursing students investigated a mean of 4.07 and 3.93 on self-esteem and Nursing professional values respectively. They attained a mean of 3.75 on organizational commitment. There were positive correlation between self-esteem, nursing professional values and organizational commitment for nursing students. Two factors explained 47.2% of organizational commitment of nursing students. Conclusion : It is necessary to enhance positive organizational commitment to improve Self-esteem and Nursing professional values in clinical practice of nursing students. Also,

한랭지역 기후환경에 따른 철도시스템 기준연구

조호령(Ho-Ryung Cho),김인철(In-Chuol Kim),전찬웅(Chan-Woong Jeon),박혜민(Hye-Min Park),조시현(Si-Hyeun Cho),오우식(Woo-Sik Oh),김시환(Si-Hwan Kim),나현(Hyun Na) 대한전기학회 2020 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.7

전기철도 부하개폐기용 절연애자 설계검토

조호령(Ho-Ryung Cho),김재문(Jae-Moon Kim),김인철(In-Chuol Kim),전찬웅(Chan-Woong Jeon),조시현(Si-Hyeun Cho),박혜민(Park Hye-Min),박종원(Park Jong-Won),오우식(Woo-Sik Oh),김종락(Kim Jong-Rak),강태섭(Kang Tae-Sub) 한국철도학회 2020 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

전차선로에는 전차선에 안정적인 전력을 급전하기 위하여 전철변전소와 급전구분소 등이 시설되고, 급전시설에는 전차선에 급전과 단전을 담당하는 전원개폐장치인 부하개폐기나 단로기가 설치되어 필요에 따라 전원을 개폐하게 된다. 현재 국내에서는 에폭시절연부하개폐기를 주로 사용하고 있고 최근에는 진공인터럽터를 내장하여 부하개폐가 가능하면서도 절연부와 개폐부가 노출된 개방형 부하개폐기가 수입되어 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 개발하고 있는 개방형 부하개 폐기의 절연애자의 특성에 대하여 살펴보고 설계검토 내용에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.

HVDC 500kV 폴리머애자 개발

조호령(Ho-Ryung Cho),박재원(Jae-Won Park),이상식(Sang-Sik Lee),이철호(Chul-Ho Lee),임윤석(Yun-Seog Lim) 대한전기학회 2015 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.7

대민부서 경찰공무원의 현장 치안력 확보 방안

조호대 ( Ho Dae Cho ) 한국경찰학회 2012 한국경찰학회보 Vol.14 No.5

경찰공무원은 임무를 수행함에 있어서 ‘긴급한 상황에 대한 직관적인 능력’을 토대로 각각의 상황에 적합한 판단을 통해 문제에 대한 해결책을 선택하고 행동을 결정하게 된다. 즉, 현장에서의 판단을 통해서 경찰활동의 성공여부가 좌우된다고 볼 수 있다. 다양한 범죄가 발생하고 경찰에 대한 요청이 급증하고 있는 실정에서 경찰공무원의 현장 대응과 치안력의 확보는 무엇보다 중요하다고 볼 수 있다. 지역사회는 긴급 상황과 지역에 존재하고 있는 무질서에 대한 도움이 필요할 때 경찰에게 우선적으로 의존하는 경향을 보인다. 또한 경찰은 지역사회에 있는 문제점과 범죄의 해결에 필요한 정보를 수집함에 있어서 지역사회에 의존하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 경찰공무원의 현장 치안력을 확보할 수있는 방안에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 경찰공무원이 대민 활동을 전개하는데 현실적인 여건을 검토하여 현장에서 적절히 활동할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. The police are to achieve duty and ``Ability about urgent circumstance`` does suitable judgment in each circumstance by nature. Through this, select solution about problem and decide action. That is, police officers can regard that success or failure of police activity is influenced in spot through judgment. Police official`s confrontation and security of public peace can see that first of all, is important in real condition that various criminal offense happens and request about the police is increasing rapidly. The community relies upon the police to help in emergencies and curb disorder. The police rely on the community to report crime and provide important information that is necessary to address community concerns and solve crime. Therefore, this study wishes to discuss about plan that police officers can secure public peace on the spot. Police officers examines realistic situation to achieve civil affairs activity, they wish to suggest plan that can act on the spot properly.