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소아 두부외상 환자에서의 반복적인 두부 CT 검사의 유용성
조호준 ( Ho Jun Jo ),임용수 ( Yong Su Lim ),김진주 ( Jin Joo Kim ),조진성 ( Jin Seong Cho ),현성열 ( Sung Youl Hyun ),양혁준 ( Hyuk Jun Yang ),이근 ( Gun Lee ) 대한외상학회 2015 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.28 No.3
Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of pediatric trauma patients came to the emergency department. Without guidelines, many of these children underwent repeat brain computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of repeat brain CT in children with TBI. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of TBI in children younger than 19 years of age who visited the emergency department (ED) from January 2011 to December 2012. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale score of the patients, study population divided in three groups. Clinical data collected included age, mechanism of injury, type of TBI, and outcome. Results: A Total 83 children with TBI received repeat brain CT. There were no need for neurosurgical intervention in mild TBI (GCS score 13-15) group who underwent routine repeat CT. 4 patients of mild TBI group, received repeat brain CT due to neurological deterioration, and one patient underwent neurosurgical intervention. Routine repeat CT identified 12 patients with radiographic progression. One patient underwent neurosurgical intervention based on the second brain CT finding, who belonged to the moderate TBI (GCS score 9-12) group. Conclusion: Our study showed that children with mild TBI can be observed without repeat brain CT when there is no evidence of neurologic deterioration. Further study is needed for establish indication for repetition of CT scan in order to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure of children. [ J Trauma Inj 2015; 28: 149-157 ]
원자력플랜트 고온구조용 SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC 복합재료의 기계적 특성 평가
윤한기(Han-Ki Yoon),조호준(Ho-Jun Cho),박원조(Won Jo Park) 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4
SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composites are well-known materials for high temperature structural applications because of their intrinsic properties using fusion power reactors such as shield and divertor coolant channel. However, the brittle characteristics of SiC such as low fracture toughness and low strain-to fracture still impose a severe limitation on practical applications of SiC materials. For these reasons, SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composite can be considered as a promising for structural materials because of their good fracture toughness compared with monolithic SiC ceramics. But, high temperature and pressure lead to the degradation of the fiber. Therefore, an improvement of the coating fiber is key requirements for fabrication of SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composites by LPS method. In this paper, The SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composites were fabricated by the LPS method and investigated effects of SiC fiber coating. The SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composites were fabricated with coated and uncoated Tyranno-SA fibers. The thickness of the coating fiber was 0.25 ㎛ and 0.5 ㎛. In order to investigate effects of coating, the flexural strength were carried out at room temperature, respectively. The densification and microstructure of LPS-SiC<SUB>f</SUB>/SiC composites were observed by FE-SEM.
결핵성 흉막염에서 Soluble Interleukin-2R, Interleukin-6 및 Adenosine Deaminase의 변화에 관한 연구
김종혁 ( Kim Jong Hyeog ),정복현 ( Jeong Bog Hyeon ),문승환 ( Mun Seung Hwan ),조호준 ( Jo Ho Jun ),이명구 ( Lee Myeong Gu ),현인규 ( Hyeon In Gyu ),정기석 ( Jeong Gi Seog ),남송현 ( Nam Song Hyeon ),류지소 ( Lyu Ji So ),조현찬 ( 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.2
흉막 질환을 진단하고 그 기전을 이해하는데 각종 면역학적 지표들이 이용되어 왔으며 특히 결핵성 흉막염은 T 임파구가 활성화도이 조력 T 임파구가 증가하고 sIL-2R, ADA 및 interferon gamma 등이 증가한다고 알려져 있다. 저자들은 이들 T 임파구의 산물인 sIL-2R, IL-6, ADA 등이 흉막질환의 감별 진단에 도움이 되는지를 살펴 보고 서로간의 상관관계를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 흉막액에서 sIL-2R 치는 결핵성에서 877±430pmol/L로 결핵성에서 증가되어 있었다. 2) 흉막액에서 IL-6 치는 결핵성에서 25,593±17,352pg/ml, 악성에서 5,800±3,485pg/ml로 유의한 차이를 보였고 농흉에서 74,080±48,569pg/ml로 가장 높게 나타났다. 3) 결핵성 흉막액내의 sIL-2R 치와 ADA 치는 서로 유의한 상관관계를 보이며 증가되어 있었다(r=0.5623, p=0.001). 4) 결핵성 흉막액의 sIL-2R 치는 IL-6가 증가함에 따라 상승하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 흉막염에서 결핵과 악성 종양의 감별은 ADA, sIL-2R 및 IL-6 모두가 의미있는 지표들로 사료되며 결핵성에서 sIL-2R와 ADA 간의 유의한 상관관계가 있고 sIL-2R와 IL-6 간에도 동반상승의 경향을 보여 T 임파구에서 형성되는 이들 지표들이 결핵성 흉막 삼출액내에서 서로 연관성이 있음을 시사하였다. Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of interleukin-6 (IL-6), Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and adenosine deaminase in diagnosing tuberculos pleurisy and in differentiating it from malignant pleural effusion, and to find out mutual relationships between the three parameters. Methods: We investigated the level of IL-6, sIL-2R and ADA in various pleural diseases. Included were 77 subjects with pleural effusion (57 bopsy proven tuberculous pleurisy, 9 malignant pleural effusion, 5 empyema, 4 parapneumonic effusion, 1 paragonimiasis and 1 pancreatitis). IL-6 was measured by Quantikine human IL-6 (R&D systems), sIL-2R by h-interleukin-2-receotor ELISA (Boehringer Manheim biochemica) and ADA by Giusti`s colorimetric method. Results: The level of IL-6 was significantly higher in tuberculous effusion (25,593±17,352 pg/ml) than that of malignant effusion (5,800±3,485 pg/ml, p < 0.001). IL-6 was also increased in empyema fluids (74,080±48, 569 pg/ml). The level of sIL-2R was significantly higher in tuberculous effuson (877±430 pmol/l) than that of 20 nontuberculous effusion (259±230 pmol/L, p<0.001). The level of ADA was also higher in tuberculous effusion (82.4±26.9 U/L) than that of nontuberculous effusion (18.8±11.6 U/L, p<0.001). Levels of both ADA and sIL-2R were lower in malignant effusion (16.4±9.66 U/L, 229+171 pmol/L) than those of tuberculous effusion. The sensitivity and specificity of IL-6 in discriminating tuberculosis from malignancy were 84% and 100% respectively (cut-off value: 10000 pg/ml). Those of sIL-2R were 87% and 77% (cut-off value: 350 pmol/L). ADA was most valuable in differentiating tuberculosis from malignancy, sensitivity and specificity of which were 100% (cut-off value: 40 U/L). The correlation coefficient of sIL-2R and IL-6 was 0.3822 (p=0.001). Conclusion: It was suggested that assay of IL-6, sIL-2R and ADA could play an implemental role in differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. Increased level of the three parameters and significant correlations between them were suggestive of the involvement of activated T cells in tuberculous pleural effusion.