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조영찬(Young-Chan Cho),백만기(Man-Kee Baek),박현수(Hyun-Su Park),조준현(Jun-Hyun Cho),안억근(Eok-Keun Ahn),서정필(Jung-Pil Suh),정지웅(Ji-Ung Jeung),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee),원용재(Yong-Jae Won),송유천(Yoo-Chun Song),정응기(Eung-Gi Jeong 한국육종학회 2020 한국육종학회지 Vol.52 No.S
Rice research in Korea during the past 100 years has gone through tremendous changes and improvements as the country underwent a turbulent history of transformation. Full-scale R&D modernization began in the 1970s, when the government focused policy on achieving self-sufficiency in rice in order to establish the foundation for national economic growth. A major landmark was reached by the development of the rice variety “Tongil” and its cultivation technology, which was at the core of the unprecedented Korean “Green Revolution”. Since achieving self-sufficiency in rice, the breeding goal of Korea moved from increasing yield to improving grain quality as more consumers began to seek high quality food products in the 1980s. This change led to the establishment of the high quality rice breeding platform for enhancing the global competitiveness of Korean rice to cope with the opening of domestic rice market in the 2000s. Currently, the major breeding goals in rice are developing premium quality cultivars for table rice and specialized cultivars for boosting processed food industry. To date, the National Institute of Crop Science has released a total of 300 rice cultivars, including 202 table rice and 98 specialized usage cultivars. Diverse technologies have been developed and utilized for breeding new rice cultivars to meet changing needs. In the next 100 years of rice breeding, the convergence of traditional crop improvement technologies and the new breeding technologies utilizing recent advances in biotechnology will play a crucial role in enhancing breeding efficiency.
곽중기(Jung Ki Kwak),김현주(Hyeon Ju Kim),이지현(Ji Hyun Lee),신가희(Ga Hee Shin),조만기(Man Gi Cho),한봉호(Bong Ho Han) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.4
In the aquaculture industry, a photobioreactor (Pbr) with high productivity is a prerequisite for mass production of Chlorella sp., a feeding fry for Rotifer(Brachinous plicatilis). To enhance the productivity of Chlorella sp., model Pbrs such as Cylinder type, Spherical surface type, Half-spherical surface type, Plate type, Raceway pond type and Water-wheel type Pbr with different values of surface area exposed to light/culture volume(S/V) were manufactured, and maximum specific growth rate(μ_(max)) and productivity of Chlorella vulgaris 211-11b at 25℃, pH 7.0 and 12,000 lux were compared each other. The μ_(max) and productivity were not proportional to S/V. Among the 6 model Pbrs, Half-spherical surface type Pbr showed the highest μ_(max) and productivity as 2.206(day^(-1)) and 0.247(gℓ^-1day^(-1)).
박현수(Hyun-Su Park),백만기(Man-Kee Baek),남정권(Jeong-Kwon Nam),신운철(Woon-Cheol Shin),정종민(Jong-Min Jeong),이건미(Gun-Mi Lee),박슬기(Seul-Gi Park),김춘송(Choon-Song Kim),조영찬(Young-Chan Cho),김보경(Bo-Kyeong Kim) 한국육종학회 2017 한국육종학회지 Vol.49 No.4
To diversify the grain size and shape of japonica rice, we developed the Breeding Materials with Diverse Grain Size and Shape (BM_DGS) and characterized the grain and yield-related traits. We used the donor parents Jizi1560 and Jizi1581, japonica germplasm with extremely large grain size. Four cross combinations between the each donor parents and Korean high yielding japonica rice cultivars, Deuraechan and Boramchan, were constructed and anther culture method was applied. Among 290 doubled haploid lines, we selected 91 elite lines with diverse grain size and shape and designated to the BM_DGS. The grain size and shape of BM_DGS exhibited beyond the characteristics of previously developed Korean rice cultivars. The alleles of major grain-related genes, GW2, GS3, and qSW5, in BM_DGS showed two types, wild type or loss-of-function mutant type. The loss-of-function mutant alleles, gw2, gs3, and qsw5, had an effect on increasing grain size. The phenotypic variation of grain length was mostly controlled by GS3 alleles, and grain width and thickness were influenced by the combinations of GW2 and qSW5 alleles. 1,000-grain weight was determined by the combinations of GW2, GS3, and qSW5. The grain-related genes influenced the phenotypic variation of yield-related traits. The result of this study could be useful to elucidate the relationship between the grain-related genes and agronomic traits. And the BM_DGS are being utilized in the breeding programs to diversify the grain size and shape in japonica rice.
배양 조건에 따른 Spirulina platensis 의 성장 및 지방산 조성
주동식(Dong Sik Joo),조만기(Man Gi Cho),레이너부홀츠(Rainer Buchholz),이응호(Eung Ho Lee) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.3
Owing to their high growth rate, marine microalgae such as Chlorella, Spirulina, Porphyridium and Dunaliella have been relieved to be potentially useful for the production of foods, drugs and energy from light, CO₂ and minerals. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the growth and fatty acid composition in the blue green alga Spirulina platensis when the temperature and light intensity of culture conditions were changed. The optimal growth conditions for Spirulina platensis from the biomass and lipid contents were 30℃ on 6391μE/㎥/sec and 35℃ on 4235μE/㎥/sec. The difference of lipid contents between exponential phase and stationary phase were very large according to growth conditions. According to growth conditions the fatty acid compositions of Spirulina platensis differed, but regardless of growth conditions the main fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C20 : 0 in saturated fatty acid, C16 : 1, C18:1 and C18 : 2 in unsaturated fatty acid.
초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 Spirulina platensis 로부터 지질추출 및 지방산 조성 분석
주동식(Dong Sik Joo),조만기(Man Gi Cho),이응호(Eung Ho Lee) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.3
This study was performed to obtain information about the extraction conditions of lipids from microalgae, Spirulina platensis, using supercritical fluid CO₂. Regardless of extraction temperature conditions, the extracted lipid contents increased as pressure increased, but decreased at 8500 psi on earth temperature. The highest yield of extracted lipid content showed in the condition of 5500psi at 50℃, and extracted lipid content was about 20%. In same pressure the contents of C18 : 2 and C20 : 0 increased as temperature increased, butt fatty acids composition were 60∼75% saturated, 12-20% monounsaturated and 13∼31% polyunsaturated regardless of extraction conditions. The C18 : 3 was only detected in the condition of 5500psi at 50℃ but the content was very little.
경구투여 β - glucan 이 잉어와 넙치의 비특이적 면역활성에 미치는 영향
박성우(Sung Woo Park),곽중기(Jung Ki Kwak),구재근(Jae Geun Koo),조만기(Man Gi Cho) 한국수산과학회 2001 한국수산과학회지 Vol.34 No.4
β-glucan을 시판의 배합사료에 0.1% 첨가한 다음 담수어인 잉어 (평균체중 1.0g 및 68.7g)와 해산어인 넙치 (평균 체중, 12.1g 및 54.0g)에 2주간 첨가사료, 1주간 무첨가사료, 2주간 첨가사료 투여의 투여방법으로 5주간 경구투여한 다음 인위감염에 대한 생잔율을 조사하였다. 또 투여기간중의 말초혈액의 백혈구수와 혈중리소자임의 활성과 5주간 투여후에 채취한 백혈구의 식작용능을 조사하였다. β-glucan첨가사료 투여군에 1×10^6 cells의 Aaeromonas hydrophila를 접종한 평균체중 68.7g의 잉어군과 1×10^5 cells의 Edwardsiella tarda를 접종한 평균체중 68.7g의 넙치군에서 β-glucan첨가사료 투여군이 무첨가투여군에 비해 생존율이 높았고 (P<0.05), 그외의 접종군에서는 무첨가투여군과 차이가 없었다. β-glucan첨가사료 투여기간 동안 말초혈액중의 마크로파아지와 호중구수는 투여기간에는 증가, 무투여기간에는 감소하는 경향이었으며 특히 마크로파아지의 증가가 현저하였다. 혈중 리소자임은 잉어에서는 β-glucan첨가사료 투여기간에는 상승하고 무투여기간에는 감소하였지만, β-glucan첨가사료를 다시 투여한 후 급격히 상승하여 높은 활성을 유지하였다 그러나 넙치는 잉어보다는 활성의 증가는 현저하지 않았고 무투여기간에도 변동이 없었지만 무첨가투여군 보다는 항상 높은 활성을 나타내었다. The effects of dietary β-glucan administration on non-specific immune parameters in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, (1.0g and 68.7g of body weight) and flounder, Paralichthys olivcaces (12.1g and 54.0g of body weight) were evaluated. All fishes were fed an experimental diet supplemented with β-glucan at 0.1% per ㎏ diet for 5 weeks. A week intermission with basal diet occurred between first 2 weeks and second 2 weeks of β-glucan administration. The changes in the numbers of peripheral neutrophils and macrophages were counted under light microscopy and serum lysozyme activity was also analysed at a week of interval during the experiment. Phagocytic activities of leucocytes from the swimm bladder of carp and the peritonium of flounder were measured 5 weeks after feeding. The oral adminisration of β-glucan induced significant reduction in mortality after an artificial challenge with 1×10^6 cells of Aeromonas hydrophila in larger carp and 1×10^5 cells of Edwardsiella tarda in larger flounder but did not in other groups. The numbers of peripheral macrophages and neutrophils, phagocytic acitivies of leucocytes, and the activity of serum lysozyme were greatly increased in the fish fed a β-glucan supplemented diet. These suggest that β-glucan administration by oral route can enhance leucocyte phagocytic activity, serum lysozymal activity, and survival rate against artificial infections depending on the infected fish size and challenged bacterial concentration.
원용재(Yong-Jae Won),양창인(Chang-Ihn Yang),조영찬(Young-Chan Cho),최임수(Im-Soo Choi),김명기(Myeong-Ki Kim),정응기(Eung-Gi Jeong),이점호(Jeom-Ho Lee),이상복(Sang-Bok Lee),백만기(Man-Kee Baek),홍하철(Ha-Cheol Hong),안억근(Eok-Keun Ah 한국육종학회 2016 한국육종학회지 Vol.48 No.3
The Misomi is a rice variety derived from a cross between ‘Sobi’ which has adaptability of low fertilizer cultivation and SR21110 (Ilpum/Jinbu19) by the rice breeding team at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2013. The heading date of ‘Misomi’ is August 14 and six days later than check variety, ‘Hwaseong’. It has 83 cm of culm length and 121 spikelets per panicle. It showed weaker cold tolerance than that of ‘Hwaseong’ during exposed to cold stress. ‘Misomi’ showed resistance to blast disease, K1, K2 and K3 race of bacterial blight and stripe virus, but susceptibility to K3a race, other viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and short grain shape. It has low protein content (6.2%) and similar amylose content (19.4%) to that of ‘Hwaseong’. ‘Misomi’ showed better palatability index of cooked rice than that of ‘Hwaseong’. Particulary, ‘Misomi’ showed excellent processing adaptability than ‘Chucheong’ and ‘Hwaseong’ on palatability index of cold and aseptic cooked rice. Its milled rice recovery rate is similar to those of ‘Hwaseong’. However, whole grain rate of milled rice is higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’. Misomi has 5.68 MT/ha of milled rice productivity in ordinary cultivation, which was 12% higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’. Misomi could be adaptable to the middle plain area and Midwest coast area in Korea (Grant No. 5635).