http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
보문 : 중국 청대 변발에 대한 한족의 저항 이데올로기
장미숙 ( Mee Sook Chang ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2012 대한미용학회지 Vol.8 No.3
The purpose of this study is to research Han`s resistance ideologies through the consideration of the queue in Qing dynasty period. This is a qualitative research using the books and theses about society, culture, hair and beauty, and visual materials on the internet. The results are as follows; the queue is a hair-style in which the hair is shaved, excepting a long braid in the center of the back side. It was worn traditionally by the Manchu of Manchuria. This style was forcefully introduced to Han Chinese by Nurhaci in the early 17th century. It was significant because it was a symbol of Ming Chinese submission to Qing rule. The queue also aided the Manchus in identifying those Chinese who refused to accept Qing dynasty domination. The Queue Order (1645) was a kind of law violently imposed by the Qing dynasty. Han Chinese resistance to adopting the queue, especially Taiping Rebellion & Muchang Uprising were widespread and bloody. Ideologies within Han`s resistance like racism and westernism were extracted on the Queue. Like Hallpike`s suggestion, "cutting the hair equals social control", hairstyles can be considered as political and social media, not just as personal styles.
비달 사순(Vidal Sassoon) 헤어디자인의 조형적(造形的) 특성(特性) 연구(硏究)
장미숙 ( Mee Sook Chang ),양숙희 ( Sook Hi Yang ) 한국패션비즈니스학회 2002 패션 비즈니스 Vol.6 No.1
The purpose of this study is to review the innovation of Vidal Sassoon`s hair design. His hair styling was created in 1950-60, and it was related to the Zeitgeist, `Convulsion`. It was aesthetic reform that eliminated artificially of headdress through new design concept and high technique. It was social renovation that changed women`s life through freedom, ease and mobility of hair form. Also, it was scientific innovation that emphasized improvement of hair care. Therefore this researcher set a high value on his contribution in beauty industry, and studied the formative characteristics of his hair styling. The results are as follows: The formative characteristics are classified into the simplicity of form, the mobility of construction, and the variety of color and texture. 1. The simplicity of form showed through geometric form. Vidal Sassoon`s hair design had the overthrow traditional concept of femininity and beauty; in addition, it conferred freedom on not only hair itself but also women`s action. 2. The naturalism and mobility of construction was found in layered and softly swinging hair made up by skillful cutting technique. It was developed by studying on the dynamism of sports in 1984 LA Olympic games. 3. The variety of color and texture showed conspicuously its visual evidence because of the simplicity of form. Especially, he borrowed factors of fine art, that is to say, form, space, texture, line, color and light, and created a performance art. His work is analyzed into an art, and he is one of the best artists.
장미숙 ( Mee Sook Chang ) 한국미용학회 2011 한국미용학회지 Vol.17 No.6
The purpose of this study is to research aesthetic characteristics of modern hair wig styling. This is a qualitative research using the books and theses about society, culture, hair and beauty, and materials on the internet. The results are; firstly, a wig is a head of hair made from human hair, synthetic hair, yak hair or mohair which is worn on the head for fashion or for various other aesthetic and stylistic reasons, including cultural and religious observance. A hair consists of a foundation and hair. The aesthetic characteristics of modern hair wig styling were Functions, Humors, Fashions, and Symbols. Functions were expressed on the wigs for the prevention of hair loss through raising one`s confidence level. Humors were shown in the makeup coordination wigs for play art and costume play through the perfect masquerade for characters` role. Fashions were represented on the wigs for fashion image making through hair transformation, and Symbols were expressed on the wigs for English legal professions representing their social status and for Hasidic women under their religious rules. Today, no longer necessarily reflections of social status, they are just as fashion items.
장미숙 ( Mee Sook Chang ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2016 대한미용학회지 Vol.12 No.4
The purpose of this study is to research blonde images expressed in movies. This is a qualitative research analysis using books and theses about society, culture, hair and beauty, and materials available on the internet. We identified several key results. First, blonde hair color is characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin and the color can be from the very pale blond to reddish strawberry or golden-brownish blond colors. Second, blonde hair can be associated with youth, fertility, light and gold and can also be used to describe a woman being foolish or scatter-brained. Third, the blonde spectacle defined by Laurie Cella as the illustration of feminine seduction is an illusion, and it says that blonde characters in the novel < Gentlemen Prefer Blondes > construct their own images out of their audiences` desires for beauty, confidence and blonde fantasy. Finally, the blonde images expressed in movies are divided into 3 types (dump image as an internal image, glamorous and femme fatal as external images) based on the theory of blonde spectacle. As a result, the smart image, which is the reverse of the dump image, and glamorous image are the main images of the blonde characters. However, blondes are still stereotyped and related to sexual discrimination and this adhesion is accelerated nowadays.
장미숙 ( Mee Sook Chang ) 복식문화학회 2011 服飾文化硏究 Vol.19 No.2
The purpose of this study is to research the ideologies of African-American hair-styles according to cultural phenomena. This is a qualitative research using the books and theses about society, culture, hair and beauty, and materials of internet. The results are; Firstly, African-Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. About 75 percent of the dark-skinned people on this continent have hair labeled "kinky". Secondly, African hair-styles expressed Supernaturalism and Traditionalism in the formative period of African culture. African-American hair-styles reflected Colonialism in the period of slaves. African-American citizen`s hair-styles showed Nationalism after 1960s` Black Pride Movement in the period of settlement in America, and expressed De-territorialism since the boom of 1970s` Reggae. Today, the wearing of dreadlocks, cornrows, and afros has transcended racial and religious barriers. No longer necessarily reflections of ancient traditions and cultural identification, they are just as often fashion items.