인산석고 시멘트 혼합토의 공학적.환경적 특성 연구

장동수,연규석,김기성,하선효,김용성,Chang, Dong-Su,Yeon, Kyu-Seok,Kim, Ki-Sung,Ha, Seon-Hyo,Kim, Yong-Seong 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.53 No.3

This study aimed to investigate the engineering and environmental characteristics of phosphogypsum-cement-soil mixtures composed of phosphogypsum, soil, and a small amount of cement was analysed on the basis of the unconfined compression test, the tensile strength test, the freezing and thawing test, the wetting and drying test, SEM and EDS analysis, XRD analysis and Leaching test. The specimens were manufactured with soil, cement and phosphogypsum. The cement contents was 10 %, and the phosphogypsum contents was 10, 20, 30, and 40 % by the weight of total dry soil. Each specimen was manufactured after curing at constant temperature and humidity room for 3, 7 and 28 days, after which the engineering characteristics of phosphogypsum-cement-soil mixtures were investigated using the unconfined compression test, the tensile strength test, the freezing and thawing test, the wetting and drying test. The basic data were presented for the application of phosphogypsum-cement-soil mixtures as construction materials. To investigate the environmental characteristics, leaching test was performed and the leaching test results were far below than of regulatory requirement of Waste Management Act in Korea. Therefore the results show that phosphogypsum is environmentally safe and can be used as construction materials in environmental aspect.

Multi Detector Row CT에서 관상동맥 석회화 측정시 영향 인자에 관한 연구

김기홍(Ki Hong Kim),장동수(Dong Soo Chang),권영백(Young Baek Kwon) 대한CT영상기술학회 2005 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Purpose There are change of calcification amount by many factors in calcium scoring. This study is to ascertain the change and to improve the accuracy on those in the multi-detector row computed tomography(MDCT). Materials and Methods The MDCT(Somatom sensation 16, Siemens Erlangen, Gennany) was used for this study. The volume, mass, and score were measured according to change including DFOV(200, 250, 300mm), overlapping reconstruction rates (0, 25, 50%), and slice width (2, 3, 5mm). Results The volume, mass, and score according to change of DFOV were increased 0.3-5.0%, 0.8-20.0%, and 1.4-4.0%, respectively. The volume, mass, and score according to change of overlapping reconstruction rates were increased 0.4-24.0%, 0.8- 9.0%, and 3.0-45.0%, respectively. The volume, mass, and score according to change of slice width were also increased 1.0-48.0%, 12.0-41.0%, and 21.0-48.0%, respectively. Conclusion There were change in all DFOV, overlapping reconstruction rates, and slice width The calcium score m danger group can change, therefore, it is necessary that standard for the study is established.

『세계성서공회연합회 그리스어』 신약전서 5판의 본문 변화들에 대한 연구

장동수(Dong-Soo Chang) 대한성서공회 2016 성경원문연구 Vol.- No.39

The purpose of this paper is to investigate textual changes in the Catholic Letters of the United Bible Societies’ The Greek New Testament, 5<SUP>th</SUP> Edition (UBS 5<SUP>th</SUP>). There are 33 readings in the text of the UBS 5<SUP>th</SUP> edition as well as the Nestle-Aland 28<SUP>th</SUP> (NA 28<SUP>th</SUP>) edition which differ (sometimes significantly) from those of the UBS 4th/NA 27<SUP>th</SUP> editions of 1993. This is because the Editio Critica Maior (ECM) representing a new level of scientific research (CBGM, Coherence-Based Genealogical Method) on the text and offering a text newly established on this basis is already available, and the text of the Catholic Letters was taken from the ECM, and apparatus was reconstructed on the basis of this text. But we are not in a position to completely understand why particular readings have been chosen without additional material supporting the textual decisions made in the ECM (and especially a textual commentary). Sometimes this can be discerned by new evidence or other discussions; some general tendencies can be discerned by the differences between the ECM and the NA 27<SUP>th</SUP>/ 26<SUP>th</SUP> editions or the UBS 4<SUP>th</SUP>/3<SUP>rd</SUP> editions. In this regard, this paper provides a short introduction to the CBGM, a critical overview of those 33 textual changes, and some detailed analysis on several passages that merit closer attention. An analysis of some of these variants is done in order to see how and why several new readings have been adopted in this new edition. This paper provides three results from the analysis, and critical evaluation on them. First, it is not easy to discern any general tendency among these variants because sometimes the new readings follow early witnesses like Sinaiticus or only Vaticanus (Jud 5) or even only early versions (without any Greek manuscripts) in 2 Peter 3:10 while at other points, they follow the later Majority (Byzantine from this edition) text or even only some later Minuscules like P (025) in 1 Peter 4:16. Second, new readings of the UBS 5<SUP>th</SUP> edition at several passages like 1 Peter 4:16; 2 Peter 2:18; 1 John 5:10 and 5:18 can surely be better, and in some cases like James 2:3; 1 Peter 1:6; and 2 Peter 2:6, old readings of the UBS 4th edition may be better. This not only signifies both strengths and weaknesses of the CBGM but also reflects the result which is not from the editors’ reasoned eclecticism but from the application of the CBGM. Third, since the CBGM emboldens editors of the ECM to go against the bulk of the manuscript evidence at significant moments, textual choices of the ECM/UBS 5<SUP>th</SUP> edition can only be understood in light of the CBGM. Therefore, detailed textual commentary on textual decisions as well as further intensive studies on the relevance of this method should follow.

인공신경망기법을 이용한 CFRD의 정부침하량 예측

장동수 ( Dong-su Chang ),배수빈 ( Su-been Bae ),임현택 ( Hyun-taek Lim ),박성용 ( Sung-yong Park ),이충원 ( Chung-won Lee ),김용성 ( Yong-seong Kim ) 한국농공학회 2014 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구에서는 36개 콘크리트 표면차수벽형 석괴댐 (Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam, 이하 ‘CFRD’라 한다)의 계측자료 및 인공신경망기법의 적용을 통해 댐 축조단계에서 얻어지는 계측자료를 이용하여 담수 후 댐의 정부침하량을 예측하는 기법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에 사용한 인공신경망 모델에는 역전파 학습알고리즘(back-propagation learning algorithm)이 적용되었으며, 알고리즘의 검증, 전이함수의 결정, 최적모델의 결정, 정규화, 최적 매개변수의 제안을 거쳐 최적의 모델을 도출하였다. 또한, 인공신경망 모델 설계를 위하여 높이, 내부침하량 등을 입력변수로 설정하고 정부침하량을 출력변수로 설정하였으며, Matlab을 통해 결과를 도출하였다. 이를 검증하기 위한 상대 중요도 평가 방법을 활용한 민감도 분석을 수행한 결과, CFRD의 정부침하량을 산정하는 요소로서 댐 높이가 가장 중요한 인자임을 확인하였다. 기존의 경험식 등에서 댐 높이가 정부침하량 산정의 중요한 인자로 사용되었음에 비추어 볼 때, 본 연구 결과는 신뢰성이 확보된 것으로 판단된다. 즉, 본 연구에서 제안한 CFRD의 정부침하량 예측방법 및 계산절차는 침하량 예측, 여성고결정 등 댐의 설계·시공 및 유지관리를 위한 계측관리 지표로써 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

유용미생물이 혼입된 시멘트-화산재 블록의 강도특성

장동수 ( Dong-su Chang ),김열규 ( Yeol-gyu Kim ),박성용 ( Sung-yong Park ),이충원 ( Chung-won Lee ),김용성 ( Yong-seong Kim ) 한국농공학회 2013 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

2013년 8월 일본 가고시마현의 사쿠라지마 쇼와 화구에서 폭발적인 분화가 발생했다. 폭발로 인해 대량의 화산재가 상공 5,000m까지 치솟았으며, 폭발로 인해 가고시마 시 중심부에 대량의 화산재가 내려, 화산재 처리에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 국내에서도 2002년 백두산 지역의 지표면 팽창현상이 관찰되면서, 백두산의 분화 위험성이 증대되고 있다. 백두산 화산이 폭발하여 남한지역에 쌓이게 되면, 화산재의 처리 및 처분에 따른 막대한 국가적 손실이 유발되므로, 화산재 처리 및 활용방안의 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 화산재를 건설재료로 활용하기 위하여 ① 백두산 화산재+시멘트+감수제+유용미생물, ② 한라산 화산재+시멘트+감수제+유용미생물 ③ 다공성의 제올라이트+시멘트+감수제+유용미생물, ④ 자갈+시멘트+감수제+유용미생물 등이 혼합된 4종류 블록의 3일, 7일, 28일 재령의 공시체에 대한 배합비별 휨강도 특성 및 동결융해저항성을 분석하였다. 각 블록에 혼입된 유용미생물은 배합시 사용된 물의 0, 5, 10, 15, 20%로 배합하였으며 유용미생물을 혼입하지 않은 경우 최대의 휨강도를 발현하고 유용미생물 첨가가 많을수록 강도가 저하하는 것으로 나타나, 유용미생물의 첨가는 휨강도 저하에 밀접한 영향을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

코치의 강인성 및 사회적 지지와 스트레스-탈진 관계 모형 검증

장동수(Jang, Dong-Soo),성창훈(Seong, Chang-Hoon),이기세(Lee, Ki-Se),송규근(Song, Gyu-Geun) 한국사회체육학회 2017 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.70

The purpose of this study is to examine whether the coaching stress-burnout model by Kelley (1994) developed in the West for individuals and team coaches such as shooting, Taekwondo, gymnastics and boxing has universal validity in domestic culture. In other words, do the coach’s personal problem, the stiffness of the stress and the social support of the environmental issue act as reaction variables for stress? We hypothesized that psychological - social variables affect stress and affect burnout of coaches. First, the structural equation was tested to verify the coach stress-exhaustion model. As a rseult, ‘exercise practice’, ‘attitude of life’ and ‘interpersonal competence’ of ‘robustness’ showed a decrease in stress of coaches. ‘Informal, emotional and instrumental support’ of ‘social support’ showed a decrease in coaches’ stress such as economic difficulties, interpersonal relationships and training conditions. In the relationship between ‘coaching stress’ and ‘coaching burnout’, ‘burden of performance’ was the most influential factor in both ‘lack of achievement’ and ‘physical & mental exhaustion’. Second, ‘robustness’ in response to stress decreased ‘stress’, but it increased ‘burnout’ rather. Also, ‘social support’ showed a decrease in ‘stress’, whereas ‘social support’ did not affect ‘burnout’. In the study, the coaches’robustness for stress decreases the stress, but they also increases the burnout, which is contrary to the previous research results. This means thath te athlete’s stress can change spontaneously as a result of performance, but the stresses of the coaches can come from constant and evolving stresses that worry about the present and upcoming future and environment. I guess this will strengthen coach’s exhaustion. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the detailed factors of the evolved stress in the follow - up study.

원문의 구두점 때문에 달라지는 성경 해석에 대한 소고

장동수(Dong-Soo Chang) 한국신학정보연구원 2008 Canon&Culture Vol.6 No.1

신약성경의 정경 순서가 신약전서의 이해에 미치는 영향

장동수(Chang, Dong-Soo) 침례신학대학교 출판부 2019 복음과 실천 Vol.63 No.1

인공신경망 기법을 이용한 도로 건설비용 예측

장동수 ( Dong-su Chang ),허재영 ( Jae-young Her ),박성용 ( Sung-yong Park ),이충원 ( Chung-won Lee ),김용성 ( Yong-seong Kim ) 한국농공학회 2013 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

공사비 예측은 건설공사를 수행하는데 소요되는 비용을 개략적으로 산정하여 계획단계에서의 효율적인 예산수립을 도모하기 위한 것이다. 그러나 현재 국내 발주기관에서 활용하고 있는 도로공사 개략공사비 산정 체계는 단순하게 단위길이 당 단가에 도로의 연장을 곱하는 방식이 사용되고 있는 실정이다. 도로의 건설비용 산정에는 도로의 연장, 폭 및 설계속도 등 많은 인자가 연관되어 있으므로 상기와 같은 방식은 다대한 오차의 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사업초기단계에서 수집할 수 있는 도로 건설관련 데이터들을 토대로 인공신경망 기법을 이용하여 계획단계에서 도로 공사비를 예측 할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 다양한 입력변수를 설정하고, 그에 따른 공사비를 출력변수로 설정하여 Matlab의 인공신경망 툴을 이용하여 최적의 모델을 구현하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 얻어진 결과물은 계획단계에서의 도로건설 공사비 예측을 필요로 하는 실무자들에게 좋은 보조적 툴이 될 것으로 기대된다.

텍스투스 레켑투스와 신약성서 번역

장동수(Dong-Soo Chang) 대한성서공회 2008 성경원문연구 Vol.- No.23