에너지부문 환경세 도입의 소득분배 파급효과

강만옥 ( Man Ok Kang ),임병인 ( Byung In Lim ) 한국환경정책평가연구원 2008 환경정책연구 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 에너지부문 환경세 도입방안의 소득분배 파급효과를 『도시가계조사』 및 『가계조사』자료를 이용하여 Kakwani지수에 적용하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 첫째 비수송용 에너지 사용에 대한 조세는 누진적, 수송용 연료에 대한 조세는 역진적인 성격을 가지는 것으로 나타났고, 둘째 시나리오별 누진성측정지표는 현행 에너지 가격구조와 비교하면, 환경세가 역진적이라고 추정한 기존 연구들과 달리 시나리오 1은 교통혼잡세를 제외하고는 누진성을 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 시나리오 2의 전체 세부담액에 의한 지표는 누진성을 약간 강화시켰고, 시나리오 3은 부가가치세와 세수 총계에서 약간 역진적인 성격을 보이나 환경세, 열량세, 환경세·교통혼잡세·열량세의 합계로 각각 측정한 지표는 누진성을 전반적으로 강화시키는 것으로 추정되었다. 셋째, 환경세도입으로 인해 조세수입이 증가(시나리오 3)하는 것을 절대빈곤계층에게 환급해 줄 경우 예상대로 누진성을 강화시켰고 또한 환급수준이 클수록 누진성 강화 정도역시 커졌다. 결과적으로 환경세 도입이 소득분배 측면에서 부정적인 영향을 주지 않을 뿐만 아니라 환경세 도입으로 인해 발생한 세수 증가분을 빈곤계층에게 일부 환급할 경우, 누진성이 더 강화되는 결과를 보여주어 소득계층간 불공평성도 상당부분 해소될 수 있다고 결론내릴 수 있다. This study examined the income distribution effect of the environmental taxes in the energy sector by applying the Urban Family Survey and the Household Income and Expenditure Survey to the Kakwani index. The results analyzed are as follows:first, taxes of the non-transportation energy sector show progressive tax schemes, while those of transportation energy show regressive ones. Second, we calculated the scenario-specific progressivity index on basis of the existing energy price structure. Contrary to the previous works claimed to be regressive, the progressivity in scenario I got higher than before, except for the congestion taxes. Also, the index by the total sum of taxes in scenario II showed just a little bit higher progressive tax system. In scenario III, both the value added tax and the total sum of taxes have a little regressive structure, but the indexes in the environmental taxes, heat capacity taxes, and those which the environmental tax and the congestion tax and heat capacity taxes are summed up, are in general progressive. Third, subsidizing the tax revenues raised from the environmental taxes to the poor classes by a simulation approach shows more progressive as expected, implying the more subsidy the higher the progressivity index. As a result, it is said that the implementation of the environmental taxes has no negative impact on the income distribution, and the subsidy of the tax revenue raised from it to the poor can make the income inequality improve.

유용성 미생물 발효액(EM-X) 섭취가 운동 시 피로변인 및 항산화력에 미치는 효과

정진원 ( Jin Won Jung ),임병만 ( Byung Man Lim ),박현조 ( Hyon Cho Park ),김용선 ( Yong Sun Kim ),이상행 ( Sang Hang Lee ),홍용 ( Yong Hong ),김홍남 ( Hong Nam Kim ) 한국운동영양학회 2005 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of EM-X intake on antioxidant and fatigue recovery capacity during exercise. High school wrestlers participated in the experiments. The subjects were divided into 3 groups; control (CON, n = 7), vitamin (VITA, n = 7), and EM-X (EM-X, n = 7) groups. Measurements were performed for 2 times; after 1 week intake, and after 4 weeks intake. VO2max was measured on a treadmill using Bruce protocol. Exercise load was 4,000m running at 70% of VO_(2max). Blood samples were drawn from an antecubital vein at rest, right after exercise, and 30 min, 60 min recovery periods. Dependent variables were ammonia and lactate which were fatigue variables, and DPPH and POV which were antioxidant variables. The results of the study were as follows; Blood ammonia was significantly increased in 3 groups right after exercise and 30 min, 60 min recovery period compared to rest period (p<.05). In case of I or 4 weeks intake, there were significant differences in vitamin and EM-X group (p<.05), Blood lactate was significantly increased in 2 groups (control, vitamin group) right after exercise and 60 min recovery period compared to rest period (p<.05) In case of 1 week intake, there were significant decreases in control and EM-X groups only right after exercise. In case of 4 weeks intake, there was not a significant decrease only in EM-X group right after exercise and 30 min, 60 min recovery period compared to rest period, whereas the level of lactate in the recovery period was lower than the level of rest period. DPPH was significantly increased in control and vitamin groups right after exercise and 30 min recovery period compared to rest period (p<.05). However, in case of 4 weeks intake, POV was significantly increased in 3 groups right after exercise and 30 min, 60 min recovery period compared to rest period (p<.05). These results suggested that 1 or 4 weeks intake of EM-X was effective on reducing fatigue and oxidation after exercise.

농약물질 중 살충제 관련 농업 종사자들의 직무 -노출 매트릭스 구축을 위한 기초 자료 조사 연구 (2) : 채소류

김기연 ( Ki Youn Kim ),조만수 ( Man Su Cho ),임병서 ( Byung Seo Lim ),이상길 ( Sang Gil Lee ),강동묵 ( Dong Mug Knag ),김종은 ( Jong Eun Kim ) 한국산업보건학회 2014 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation to provide fundamental data for establishing job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers treating agricultural insecticide. Materials and Methods: The survey on domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation was conducted by two research methods. The first method is to utilize agricultural pesticides published annually from Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method is to apply cultivation area of vegetable announced officially from Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation through the second method was done by multiplying total cultivation area of vegetable(㎡) with optimal spray amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation per unit cultivation area of vegetable (kg/㎡). Results: As a result of analysis of public data related to insecticide for vegetable cultivation, it was found that its domestic usage amount has decreased gradually from the first sale year(1969) to current year(2012). There is, however, a considerable difference of annual usage trend of insecticide for vegetable cultivation between shipments and estimation. The annual usage trends of insecticide for vegetable cultivation based on regional classification were different from those based on total aspect. Conclusions: The region which used insecticide for vegetable cultivation the most in Korea was Jeolla-do, followed by Gyeonsang-do,Chungcheong-do, Seoul/Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do and Jeju-do. Substantially, mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based onshipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was 281±115%, which indicates that usage amounts of insecticide estimatedby cultivation area are three times lower than those based on shipments.

性, 年齡과 Harvard step test 成績과의 關係硏究

林炳萬 全州大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

After athletics, in order to examine the phenomenon of heart-rate's change, I have divided a group with grade, sex and height of tool, and have tested the Harvard Step Test. After that, I analyzed the data and we are able to recognize the result as follow: 1. After sport, girl students' number of heart-rate increase more than boy students'. 2. On 25㎝ of stool-height, elementary student is proved to increase more high grade than low, and on 33㎝ of stool-height is also revealed such tendency. Accordingly we can recognize the above statement, too. 3. On while sport or period of recovery's increasing number of heart-rate has enormous relation to the heart-rate before starting sport-repose's of heart-rate. 4. From this point of view, in case of evaluation of heart-rate's change about Harvard Step Test, it seems to me that method of determination of repose's number of heart-rate has more request of caution.

스포츠 활동 참여와 여가만족의 관계

임병만 전주대학교 자연과학종합연구소 1996 전주대학교 자연과학연구소 학술논문집 Vol.9 No.2

The primary purpose of this study was to prove the relationship of sports participation and leisure satisfaction. In order to meet the mentioned purpose, subject for this study consisted of residents of chonbuk provinces in 1996. The sample of 591 employees (231 from sports paticipation, 260 from Non--sports participation) were collectes through stratified cluster random sample method. For the measurement of research variables, Beard and Ragleb's leisure satisfaction sccle. The statistical methods such as Analysis of Covariate and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to analyze the collectes data. From the analyses of the data, the study reaches the following concousion: Firstly, the socio-demographic characteristics exert influence on the sports participation and leisure satisfaction. Secondly, It was found that the leisure satisfaction of sports participants showed higher than Non-participants. Thirdly, Sports participation level of leisure satisfaction exert influence on the frequence and duration. Fouthly. Sports paticipation has positive effect on leisure satisfaction.

大學生의 肥瘦에 대한 意識과 體格과의 關聯에 관한 硏究

林炳萬 圓光大學校附設 生活體育硏究所 1994 生活體育硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The following findings were obtained from the statistical analysis on the relationship between the self-image of ponderosity and the actual stature in the 515 university students in the Chunbuk Province. 1. Those who evaluated themselves as obese or moderate on their stature with the consciousness of the obesity or thinness (5 step evaluation) were about 20 percent, whereas those who evaluated themselves as thin were about 60 percent. Most students evaluated themselves as ectomorphy. 2. The regression line of the weight on the average weight and height with the seven steps of height with the step of the evaluation of obesity or thinness of the actual stature showed the parallel relationship among the evaluation steps of obesity or thinness. The regression line of the group in which the evaluation step of the obesity or thinness was moderate was located above the regression line from all the samples and the slope was higher in the former group. 3. There was a strong relationship between the obesity or thinness of the actual stature and the ideal stature with the evaluation step of the obesity or thinness. The regression line of the weight on the height tended to center on the regression line of the average group with the evaluation step on the obesity or thinness. The regression equation of the weight on the height of the stature which belonged to the average group was Y = 0.8(X-90). 4. In the relationship between the ideal height and the actual height, the ideal value is highly related to the size of the actual height. The ideal value was 7~8cm higher than the actual value in the steps in which the actual height was low, whereas the higher the actual value, the ideal value was closer to the actual value.

高麗時代 武戱의 體育的 價値에 關한 硏究

林炳萬 圓光大學校附設 生活體育硏究所 1995 生活體育硏究 Vol.6 No.-

The military play in Kory dynasty was investigated from viewpoints the historical development and progress of change and, the values in physical education in the light of the role. The martial act in primitive age for survival physical activity was changed for the military perposes with social development and the military play was formed as martial act was changed to play activity using leisure time with social development. The values of military play in physical education are as follows: 1. Physical value. military play was performed so frequently and as it was relcted to the promotion they concentrated on the improvement of skill and they could maintain their sound bodies. 2. Mental value. military play helped the participants and the spectators relieve their mental stress and get their mental satisfaction and balance by the fullfillment of their need of achievement through competition. 3. Social value. military play preformed such social effects of sports in socity as the maintain the maintenance of system, tension management, social unification, achievement of objectives, and adaptation at that time. The study of the results reprensets that the militory play in Kory dynasty provided a starting point of physical education in Korea changing from military to pure style.

孔子의 體育思想 硏究

成鍾林,林炳萬 한국체육사학회 1998 체육사학회지 Vol.3 No.-

China regard six arts as compulsory subjects in the school education of a ruling class from the Seoju period and made much of the pen and the sword in the military education But Confucius didn't respect the sword but the pen. He taught six scriptures instead of six arts and disregareded physical and military education. His idea of physical education had great influence on physical activities and developments in China and other countries with the confucian culture. His confucianism starting from the Han Period got an advantage over the books of various philosophers and scholars in school education. Confucius respected mental activities but neglected manual labor and a working class. His providential outlook on the universe and his emotionalism had final influence on the physical areas in posterior generation. Especially he made light of the dynamic and human body emphasizing only the moral training and intellectual training. This kind of his idea had been a guiding principle from ancient times to modern times. As a result, Confucian idea of physical education led to the weak body strength which was compared to the word that a chicken's power is better than a scholar's.