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회전원판 공법에서의 자산화 공정을 이용한 소규모 오 · 폐수처리
이찬기,류돈식 ( Chan Ki Lee,Don Sik Ryu ) 한국물환경학회 1997 한국물환경학회지 Vol.13 No.3
The objective of this study is to solve the problems related to the effluent quality in RBC process : media clogging and the biomass sloughing. Three stage RBC with Autoxidation phase was operated along with the existing three stage RBC operation by varying the operational parameters in order to compare removal efficiencies of organics and nitrogen. The BOD removal efficiencies in the three stage RBC with Autoxidation phase were over 95% at a organic loading of 98.4g BOD/㎡/day. The existing three stage RBC process showed a 95% removal at a organic loading of 49.2g BOD/㎡/day. Suspended solids removal efficiency was between 61 and 70 percent in the Autoxidation phase at 1st stage RBC by biomass sloughing, and that of the existing RBC was between 45 and 61 percent. Removal of ammonia-nitrogen determined by varying NH₃-N loading rate showed a 85.3∼92.1 percent in the Autoxidation phase and a 67∼76percent for the existing three stage RBC process. NO₃-N level in the effluent increased with decreasing influent loading. In the determination of the kinematic coefficient, area capacity constant(P) in the first stage Autoxidation phase of RBC was 39.9gBOD/㎡·day and half velocity constant(Ks) was 306㎎/L. In the existing three stage RBC, they were 46.6gBOD/㎡·day and 467㎎/L, respectively.
이찬기,김영래,Lee, Chan Ki,Kim, Young Rai 대한토목학회 1987 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.7 No.3
본(本) 연구(硏究)는 배뇨(排尿)슬러지를 퇴비화(堆肥化)시켜 유기물(有機物)의 감소(減少), 부식비도(腐蝕比度)와 퇴비화기간(堆肥化期間)을 알아보는데 그 목적(目的)이 있으며 실험실(實驗室) 반응조(反應槽)가 이용(利用)되었다. 실험(實驗)에 사용(使用)된 시료(試料)는 기뇨처리장(冀尿處理場) 슬러지로서 함수비(含水比)를 단계적(段階的)으로 변화(變化)시켜 퇴비화정도(堆肥化程度)를 알아보았다. 함수비(含水比)가 60%에서 퇴비화기간(堆肥化期間)이 약 10일(日)로 나타났고 COD는 37mg/l/day(lgr 건조 중량중)감소(減少)하였으며, C/N는 약 11~13, 부식비도(腐蝕比度)는 175정도(程度)로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to know reduction of organic matter, degree of humification and composting period by corp. posting of night soil sludge. Laboratory reactor was used for this study. Samples being used in this experimentation was sludge of night soil treatment plant. The degree of composting was investigated by changing moisture content. The laboratory study indicated that the degree of humification was about 175, C/N ratio was about 11~13, composting period was about 10 days and COD reduction was 37mg/l/day in case of 60% moisture content.
습식공정 파우더 파운데이션에서 파우더 코팅 시스템의 특성 연구
이찬기 ( Chanki-lee ),이수진 ( Sujin-lee ),최재욱 ( Jaewook-choi ),최영진 ( Yeongjin-choi ),한상훈 ( Shang-hoon Han ) 대한화장품학회 2010 대한화장품학회지 Vol.36 No.3
파우더 파운데이션은 사용이 간편하고 수정화장이 용이하여 고객들이 많이 사용하고 있으며, 파우더 파운데이션을 만드는 방법은 건식방식, 소성방식, 그리고 습식방법으로 크게 분류할 수가 있다. 이 중 습식방법은 이미 잘 알려진 바와 같이 back injection 방법과 front injection 방법이 있으며, 본 논문에서는 front injection 방법을 사용해 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 용매의 종류에 따른 경도 변화를 살펴보면 휘발성 실리콘이나 탄화수소계 휘발성 물질을 이용할 때 보다 정제수를 이용할 때 경도가 높게 나타났으며, 사용감 측면에서는 물보다는 탄화수소계 휘발성 물질과 휘발성 실리콘 등을 사용했을 때, 고객 선호도가 높게 나타났다. 또한 코팅물질 변화에 따른 경도 변화로는 아미노산계 코팅물질을 사용하였을 때 경도가 상승하는 효과를 나타냈으며, 실리콘 코팅 물질을 사용했을 때 경도 상승효과가 미비한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 각 대상 고객에 맞는 처방을 개발하고자 할 때 사용감과 경도의 상관관계를 알고, 처방설계에 이용한다면 고객이 원하는 사용감에 한발 더 접근할 수 있으리라 생각된다. Among various make-up products, foundations are widely used to express clear and flawless skin. Foundations can be classified by its formula to 3 types, liquid foundation, powder foundation, and oil dispersion foundation. Powder foundations are easy to carry and use, so it is commonly possessed. In the R&D point of view, the developing method of powder foundations can be classified again to 3 types. Dry-process, baked-process, and the wet slurry-process. The fact that the wet slurry-process goes through either the back injection method or the front injection method is previously known. The front injection process is used as the main method in this study. We observed the quality dependence on the kind of solvent and the powder coating system. In brief, when water was used as the main solvent, the hardness increased than when volatile silicones or hydrocarbons were used. And the sensory results were shown to prefer volatile solvents (silicones or hydrocarbons) over water. Similarly, when the amino acid-coating system was applied, the hardness was shown to increase, when silicone-coating system shown no specific change. By these results, tailor-made powder foundations targeting specific customer grades can be easily produced.