Differential LC VCO with Enhanced Tank Structure and LC Filtering Techniques in InGaP/GaAs HBT Technology

이상열,김남영,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Kim, Nam-Young The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineerin 2007 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.18 No.2

본 논문은 InGaP/GaAs HBT 공정을 통해 제작한 적응성궤환 잡음제거시스템용 낮은 위상잡음을 갖는 LC 차동 전압제어 발진기를 제안합니다. 전압제어 발진기는 필터링 기술을 포함한 향상된 공진 탱크 구조를 갖습니다. 비대칭 인덕터 대칭 캐패시터 구조로 제안된 전압제어 발진기의 출력 가변 범위는 207 MHz입니다. 출력 전력은 balun과 케이블 손실을 포함하여 -6.68 dBm입니다. 10 kHz, 100 kHz, 1 MHz에서의 위상잡음은 각각 -102.02, -112.04 그리고 -130.4 dBc/Hz입니다. 이 전압제어 발진기는 총 $0.9{\times}0.9mm^2$ 면적 내에 집적화되었습니다. This paper presents the InGaP/GaAs HBT differential LC VCO with low phase noise performance for adaptive feedback interference cancellation system(AF-lCS). The VCO is verified with enhanced tank structure including filtering technique. The output tuning range for proposed VCO using asymmetric inductor and symmetric capacitors withlow pass filtering technique is 207 MHz. The output powers are -6.68 including balun and cable loss. The phase noise of this VCO at 10 kHz, 100 kHz and 1 MHz are -102.02 dBc/Hz, -112.04 dBc/Hz and -130.40 dBc/Hz. The VCO is designed within total size of $0.9{\times}0.9mm^2$.

$GABA_A$-Benzodiazepine 수용체 이상과 불안장애

이상열,박민철,강희자,Lee Sang-Yeol,Park Min-Cheol,Kang He-Ja 대한불안의학회 2005 대한불안의학회지 Vol.1 No.1

In the 40 years since the first benzodiazepine was brought into clinical use there has been a substantial growth in understanding the molecular basis of action of these drugs and the role of their receptors in anxiety disorders. Benzodiazepine receptors are present throughout the brain with the highest concentration in cortex, and it potentiate and prolong the synaptic action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Central benzodiazepine receptors and $GABA_A$ receptors are part of the same macromolecular complex. Abnormalities of these $GABA_A$-benzodiazepine receptors as a result of drug challenge tests and neuroimaging studies may underlie some anxiety disorders. The role of $GABA_A$-benzodiazepine receptors in the action of benzodiazepine and as a factor in anxiety disorder, in both animal and humans including knock-out and knock in technique, may lead to new anxiolytics that have potentially significant therapeutic gains without unwanted side effects.

우리나라 의료의 생의학적 모델 어떻게 할 것인가? - 생의학적 모델에서 생물정신사회적 모델로 -

이상열,Lee, Sang-Yeol 한국정신신체의학회 2012 정신신체의학 Vol.20 No.1

질병의 생물정신사회적 이해는 건강의 의미 있는 증진을 위해서 매우 중요한다. 건강의 유지와 증진은 신체적, 정신적, 사회적, 그리고 영적인 안녕감을 통하여 이루어진다. 건강은 단순한 상태와 삶의 목적이 아니며, 일상생활에서의 자원으로, 개인적, 사회적뿐만 아니라 신체적 능력의 긍정적 개념이다. 한편 의료 체계에서 생물정신사회적 모델의 이해 역시 매우 중요하다. Engel은 의사들의 교육 및 진료에서 생의학적 접근을 비판하고, 새로운 모델인 생물정신사회적 모델을 주장하였다. Engel은 인간을 특정한 방법으로 자신의 건강을 위해하거나 증진시킬 수 있는 생물학적, 정신적, 사회적 존재로 보았다. 질병의 생물정신사회적 모델의 중요함에도 불구하고, 우리나라의 의료는 질병의 생의학적 모델에만 중점을 두고 있다. 그 결과 한국의 의료가 기계화 되어가고 있고 비인간화 되어가고 있다. 저자는 한국 정신신체의학회 창립 20주년을 맞이함에 따라 우리나라 의료 체계 및 실제적인 임상 진료에서 질병의 생물정신사회적 모델의 중요성을 강조하고자 하였다. Understanding the biopsychosocial model of illness is crucial for any meaningful advance of health. The maintenance and promotion of health is achieved by different combinations of physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being. Health is not an objective of living. It is not only a state, but also a resource for everyday life. Health is a positive concept that emphasizes personal and social resources, as well as physical capacities. Understanding the biopsychosocial model of health and disease is very important in the medical system. George Engel challenged the medical profession to reconsider a strict biomedical approach to medical education and care, and to embrace a "new medical model," the biopsychosocial model. He argued that humans are at once biological, psychological, and social beings who behave in certain ways that can promote or harm their health. Although understanding the biopsychosocial model of illness is important, Korea's medical system have mainly been focusing on the biomedical model of illness. I would like to highlight the importance of biopsychosocial model of illness for Korea's medical system and real clinical field according to the 20th anniversary of Korean Society of Psychosomatic Medicine.

소의 뇌로부터 Calmodulin 단백질의 순수분리 및 생화학적 성질 연구

이상열,권헌영,김정희,이서구 ( Sang Yeol Lee,Heun Young Kwon,Jung Hye Kim,Sue Goo Rhee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1990 BMB Reports Vol.23 No.2

Calmodulin, a heat stable Ca^(++)-binding protein, is a multifunctional modulator, mediating many of the Ca^(++) effects in cellular functions. This protein interacts reversibly with Ca^(++) to form a protein/ Ca^(++) complex, whose activity is regulated by cellular flux of Ca^(++). Calmodulin from bovine brain was purified to complete homogeneity by heat, acid treatment and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The biochemical properties of the purified protein were examined under various criteria. It was estimated to have an apparent molecular weight of 21K and 15K in the absence or presence of Ca^(++) respectively, which would mean the great conformational changes were induced by the binding of Ca^(++) to calmodulin. The calmodulin had distinct ultraviolet absorption peaks at 259, 265, and 279 nm due to phenylalanine and tyrosine residues. Also, this protein activated the Ins(1,4,5) P₃-Kinase of which role is very important in cellular signal transduction, about seven folds (at 6 μM Ca^(++) and 1.0 μM calmodulin) with a Ca^(++)-dependent manner.

소 위의 Phosphoinositide - specific Phospholipase C Isozymes 에 관한 연구

이상열,문경호,이기영 ( Sang Yeol Lee,Kyung Ho Moon,Kee Young Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1990 BMB Reports Vol.23 No.4

Expression of multiple PLC isozymes was studied in bovine stomach of rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The soluble protein of stomach homogenates was resolved on a DEAE column using high performance liquid chromatography. The PLC enzymes from the stomach of rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum were eluted from the DEAE-column at 26-30 min and 41-46 min. Comparing the retension times of stomach PLC enzymes with those of bovine brain PLC isozymes, the PLC in the first and second peak might be corresponded to PLC δ and either of PLC β or γ respectively. This result was clearly confirmed by monoclonal antibodies derived against PLC β, γ and δ of bovine brain. In immunoblot analysis, PLC in the first activity peak from bovine stomach was blotted only with the antibody against PLCδ, and the second peak PLC was reacted with the antibodies against both PLC β and γ, which showed that the second peak contained both PLC β and γ. Using monoclonal antibodies which bind to different epitopes on the same enzyme, tandem radioimmunoassay was performed for quantitating the amounts of PLC in this organ. The concentration of PLC δ in bovine stomach of rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum that appeared in the first peak from HPLC-DEAE column was in the range of 10-14 ㎍ and those of PLC β and γ in second peak were 1-2 ㎍ and 5-18 ㎍ per 100 ㎎ soluble protein of bovine stomach homogenates respectively. This paper demonstrated that bovine stomach contain the type δ as the major form of PLC and relatively small amounts of PLC β and γ.

기저면의 넓이와 상지 근육의 최대 수의적 등척성 수축의 상관관계

이상열,조맑은,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Jo, Marg-Eun 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2016 PNF and Movement Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of the area of the base of support formed by the human body on the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of upper limb muscles. Methods: The study was conducted with 20 normal adults. To identify changes in the base of support, the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the biceps muscle was measured in a standing position, a sitting position, and a lying position for each subject. The sizes of the base of support formed in the standing, sitting, and lying positions were set to 1, 2, and 3 respectively, based on the sizes, to analyze the correlations. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the biceps muscle was measured using surface electromyograms (EMGs) (Noraxon DTS, Germany). Results: The results showed negative correlations in which, as the size of the base of support increased, the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the biceps muscle decreased. Conclusion: Changes in the base of support of the body affect the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the upper limbs. Therefore, when resistance exercises are applied for muscle strengthening, the positions should be changed considering the changes in muscle activity according to those positions. In addition, when EMGs are used to measure the maximal voluntary isometric contraction, the measurements should be conducted in the same positions, considering muscle activity that changes according to the base of support and positions, for data quantification.

보행 시 부하의 위치에 따른 발의 안정성 및 운동학적 분석에 관한 연구

이상열,배성수,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Bae, Sung-Soo 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: This study examined how the direction of carrying a load affects the foot stability and kinesiology while walking. Methods: The heel rotation, Hallux stiffness, foot balance, metatarsal load, toe out angle, subtalar joint flexibility were measured in 40 adults (men and women) who carried a load back and forth, walking on a 2-meter-long board. The measurement was carried out three times and the mean of the measurements was used to compare the difference between the front, back and the condition without a load. Results: While walking, heel rotation and hallux stiffness occurred most when a front load was applied compared to a back load or no load condition (p<0.05). A metatarsal load also appeared to be the highest with the frond load, but there was no significant difference in the balance of the whole foot. Both the toe out angle and subtalar joint flexibility appeared to increase significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: Applying the front load causes subtalar joint instability and increases the plantar foot pressure imbalance during walking.

한국의 동물물리치료 제도의 필요성과 도입 방법 제언

이상열,Lee, Sang-Yeol 대한물리치료과학회 2015 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to introduce the necessity of introduction and to proposal the methods of introduce for animal physical therapy in Korea. Method : This study is a literature study with books, article and the information through every route for introduction of animal physical therapy in Korea. Results : Animal physical therapy should be introduced to Korea with global trend. For this, it should be need academic exchanges of veterinary and physiotherapy. And there is an urgent need for an educational framework and an institutional framework. And physiotherapist requires preparation and understanding of the animal anatomy. Conclusion : There is an urgent need for an animal physical therapy to welfare and medical benefit of Korean animal companion. The physiotherapist should be prepare educational framework, institutional framework and clinical strategy.

보험회사의 방재활동-국제화재해상 보험주식회사

이상열,Lee, Sang-Yeol 한국화재보험협회 1976 防災와 保險 Vol.5 No.-

뉴 트렌드의 선두두자

이상열,Lee, Sang-Yeol (사)한국포장협회 2006 包裝界 Vol.157 No.-