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탄소함량이 높은 플라이애쉬를 함유한 시멘트 페이스트의 질소산화물 흡착 성능
이보연(Lee, Bo Yeon) 대한건축학회 2018 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.34 No.3
The use of fly ash in construction materials is increasing worldwide due the various advantages of using it, such as to produce durable concrete, or to use less cement and thus lower carbon dioxide emissions. The quality of fly ash is often determined by loss on ignition value (LOI), where an upper limit of LOI is set in each country for quality control purpose. However, due to many reasons, production of high LOI fly ash is increasing that cannot be utilized in concrete, ending up in landfill. In this study, the effect of fly ash use in cementitious materials on nitrogen oxides adsorption is examined. In particular, the effect of using high LOI, and thus high carbon content fly ash on nitrogen oxides adsorption is investigated. The results suggest that the higher carbon content fly ash is related to higher nitrogen dioxide adsorption, although normal fly ash was also more effective in nitrogen dioxide adsorption than ordinary portland cement. Also, higher replacement rate of up to 40% of fly ash is beneficial for nitrogen dioxide adsorption. These results demonstrate that high carbon fly ash can be used as construction materials in an environmentally friendly way where strength requirement is low and where nitrogen oxides emissions are high.
이보연(Lee, Bo Yeon) 대한건축학회 2018 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.34 No.2
The use of highly absorptive materials in cement-based materials is increasing for internal curing purpose. However, calculation of correct absorption capacity of such materials is not easy, which leads to change in the effective water-to-cement ratio of cement paste by either absorbing or releasing water. In this study, effective absorption capacity of a highly absorptive material was found using isothermal calorimetry. Moreover, the effect of specific surface area was investigated. It was found that the method was capable of finding effective water absorption capacity of activated carbon fiber. For the activated carbon fiber used in this research, the effect of specific surface area was negligible because the high BET surface area was due to micropores less than 1nm, which does not affect the rate of hydration curve. Thus, the effective absorption capacity of such materials can be found successfully using this method.
이보연 ( Lee Bo-yeon ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2019 法學硏究 Vol.27 No.2
최근의 난민위기 가운데 독일은 유럽에서 가장 많은 난민을 받아들였다. 2015년부터 2018년까지 접수된 망명신청은 180만여 건에 이른다. 단기간에 이뤄진 대규모 난민의 수용과 망명절차 진행, 다른 문화권에서 유입된 대규모 이민자들의 사회통합은 독일 사회에 큰 도전이 되고 있다. 대규모 난민 유입과 그로 인한 문제에 대처하기 위해 독일 정부와 의회는 서둘러 입법에 나섰다. 이 글은 최근 독일에서 이뤄진 난민 관련 입법의 구체적인 내용을 살펴본다. 2015년 ‘망명절차 신속화를 위한 법’(망명패키지Ⅰ)을 통해 망명절차법을 망명법으로 바꾸고, 망명심사 절차를 신속히 진행할 수 있는 규정들을 삽입했다. 망명신청이 인정될 가능성이 낮은 자들을 배제하기 위해 안전한 출신국을 확대하고, 망명신청자의 거주제한을 강화했다. 망명신청자에 대한 현물지급원칙을 강화하고, 이들의 사회통합을 촉진하기 위한 규정을 마련했다. 2016년 ‘신속한 망명절차 도입법’(망명패키지Ⅱ) 시행으로 신속한 망명절차를 위한 규정이 더 보강되었다. 추가적인 난민 유입을 막기 위해 보충적 보호 지위를 받은 이들의 가족재결합이 2년간 중단되었다. 이어 ‘사회통합법’은 망명신청자들이 사회통합과정과 직업훈련, 노동시장에 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 함으로써 사회통합을 촉진하는 동시에 이들이 의무를 이행하지 않을 시 불이익을 주는 방안을 마련했다. 2018년에는 가족재결합을 재개하기 위한 ‘가족재결합 재규정 법’이 시행되었으나 입국 가능한 가족구성원 수에 제한을 두었다. 마지막으로, 보호 지위를 인정받은 이들이 지위 철회절차에 협력할 의무를 규정한 ‘망명법 개정을 위한 세 번째 법’이 시행되었다. 독일의 난민 관련 입법은 선제적 대응이기 보다는 사후적 처방의 성격이 강하다. 그러나 여러 차례 법 개정을 통해 난민 관련한 문제를 해결할 수 있는 체제를 갖췄다고 볼 수도 있다. 이러한 일련의 입법적 대응은 한국이 난민과 관련한 입법과 정책을 마련하는데 참고가 될 수 있을 것이다. This study aims to examine the legislative measures dealing with refugees in Germany. During the European refugee crisis, Germany accepted the largest number of refugees among European countries. More than 1.8 million refugees filed applications for asylum in Germany from 2015 to 2018. The sudden influx of refugees presents a significant challenge for German society; accommodating a flood of refugees, proceeding asylum procedures, and integrating a large number of people from distant cultures into German society. To cope with the inflow of refugees and related problems, German government and Parliament introduced various measures. The Act on the Acceleration of Asylum Procedures 2015 introduced several measures to accelerate asylum procedures and exclude asylum seekers who are unlikely to be protected. The Act on the Introduction of Accelerated Asylum Procedures 2016 was tabled to further speed up asylum procedures and to slow down the inflow of refugees. The Integration Act 2016 intends to facilitate the integration of asylum seekers through easier access to integration courses, vocational training, and labor market. The Family Reunification Renewal Act 2018 resumed the scheme of family reunification, but limited the number of people. The legislation of Germany concerning refugees was not preemptive, but ex-post. However, it seems that Germany has been preparing legal and political measures to deal with the problems. Those preceding measures of Germany will be helpful in preparing refugee policy and legislation in Korea.
이보연(Lee, Bo Yeon),이재승(Lee, Jae-Seoung) 대한건축학회 2018 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.38 No.1
It has been revealed that cementitious materials have capability of adsorbing atmospheric nitrogen dioxide. However, the mechanism of the adsorption is not clearly identified. In this study, the effect of water-to-cement ratio of mortar on the adsorptive performance of nitrogen dioxide was investigated. Two water-to-cement ratios were used at 0.40 and 0.60 on two cementitious materials for comparison. The results suggest that water-to-cement ratios used in this research does not notably affect the nitrogen dioxide adsorption efficiency. This demonstrate that microstructure, and thus specific surface area variation due to water-to-cement ratio does not have meaningful effect on the nitrogen dioxide adsorption.