국내 차(茶)문헌에 나타난 샘물의 물맛평가에 관한 연구

이병인(Pyong in Yi),권정환(Jung hwan Kwon),이영경(Young kyoung Yi) 한국차학회 2017 한국차학회지 Vol.23 No.4

차(茶)문헌 등에서 찻물로 사용되는 유명 샘물을 기준으로 물맛평가를 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 맛과 냄새 등에 영향을 주는 심미적 영향물질 분석결과, 경도는 6.00∼136.00 mg/L (평균 43.12 mg/L), 과망간산칼륨소비량이 불검출(1곳)∼5.00 mg/L (평균 0.99mg/L), 수소이온농도는 pH 6.81∼8.50 (평균 pH 7.72), 용존산소는 2.76∼15.82 mg/L (평균 9.54 mg/L), 전기전도도는 10.00∼434.00 us/cm (평균 112.80 us/cm), 온도는 7.20∼20.65℃ (평균 15.76℃), 총고형물은 15.00∼290.00 mg/L(평균 74.03 mg/L)로 나타났으며, 먹는물 수질기준(샘물)에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 경도는 전반적으로 연수이며, 찻물로의 사용에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 물맛영향인자 분석결과 나트륨은 불검출(5곳)∼14.700 mg/L (평균 2.274 mg/L), 칼슘은 1.200∼49.400 mg/L(평균 11.377 mg/L), 마그네슘은 불검출(1곳)∼10.700mg/L (평균 2.228 mg/L), 칼륨은 0.100∼8.000 mg/L (평균 0.928 mg/L), 이산화규소는 2.780∼34.650 mg/L (평균 19.266 mg/L), 황산이온은 불검출(1곳)∼79.000 mg/L (평균 7.718 mg/L), 아연은 불검출(16곳)∼0.096 mg/L (평균 0.010 mg/L), 철은 불검출(33곳)∼0.730 mg/L (평균 0.028mg/L) 염소이온은 불검출(1곳)∼12.000 mg/L (평균 4.274mg/L)의 범위가 나타났으며, 먹는물 수질기준(샘물)에 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 물맛을 좋게 하는 인자 중 함유량의 크기별로 나열하면, SiO2 (19.266) > Ca (11.377) > K (0.928)의 크기로 나타났으며, 물맛을 흐리게 하는 인자 중 SO₄²⁻(7.718) > Mg (2.228)의 순서로 함유된 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 물맛평가지표 분석결과, O-index는 0.77∼18.30(평균 5.26), K-index는 -3.99∼49.40 (평균 9.40)로 나타났으며, 조사대상지별로 맛있는 물 15곳, 건강한 물 2곳, 맛있고 건강한 물 17곳, 일반 물 5곳으로 나타났으며, 전반적으로 맛있고 건강한 물로 나타났다. 종합적으로 조사대상지의 샘물은 전체적으로 연수의 성질과 약알칼리성으로 나타났으며, 물맛평가 또한 맛있고 건강한 물로 나타나 찻물의 활용이 매우 좋을 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to provide information on the water quality and water taste evaluation of some spring waters described in the tea literature. 1. Aesthetic materials analysis result: The overall hardness of the water is soft, its pH range was from 6.81-8.50 (Average pH 7.72) and it was therefore mostly alkaline. It is suitable for use as drinking water (spring water). 2. Analysis of factors influencing the water taste: Its water quality was of a suitable standard (spring water). The contents of the ingredients good for the flavor were SiO₂ (19.266) > Ca (11.377) > K (0.928) and the contents of the ingredients bad for the flavor were SO₄²⁻(7.718) > Mg (2.228). 3. The results of the evaluation of the taste and healthiness: The O-Index was 0.77-18.30 (Average 5.26) and the K-Index was -3.99-49.40 (Average 9.40). It was appear the total of 39 items, including tasty waters 15, healthy waters 2, tasty and healthy waters 17, general water 5, and most of waters were good taste and healthiness. In conclusion, the collected spring water is considered to be soft, weakly alkaline, tasty and healthy water which can be used as tea water.

광해조의 (光海朝) 천도론과 (遷都論) 경내 (京內) 양궐창건에 (兩闕創建) 대하여 - 도참사상의 (圖讖思想) 영향 -

이병도 ( Pyong Do Yi ) 진단학회 1972 진단학보 Vol.- No.33

북한 공연예술의 현황과 전망 1990 년대 이후 우리식 북한무용의 현황과 전망

이병옥(Pyong Ok Yi) 한국음악사학회 2002 한국음악사학보 Vol.28 No.-

N/A

寒齋 李穆에 대한 硏究 現況과 課題

이병인(Pyong-In Yi) 한국차학회 2008 한국차학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This study reviews the historic life cycle of Hanjae Yi Mok(寒齋 李穆: 1471-1498) and proposes the future research topics on Hanjae through pointing out the errors in the past studies. Hanjae Yi Mok is the representative tea professional of Chosun Dynasty in Korea. Although he died very young at 28 years old, he wrote Dabu(茶賦)-the oldest tea book in Korea- and established the foundation for Korean tea study area. The important findings of this study are as follows: First, the historic life cycle of Hanjae should be divided into seven periods- four before death and three after death. Second, the basic foundation of the tea way of Hanjae is Confucian philosophy and the main theme is "Tea of My Mind(吾心之茶)" created by sublimation of tea life into the mental world. Third, the real study on Hanjae started after Korean publication of "Book of Hanjae(寒齋文集)" in 1981. Until 1981, Hanjae had been held in high esteem only in the boundary of Hanjae family and Confucian scholars for 480 years. Currently 30 studies on Hanjae have been performed including articles and books. Fourth, the important errors in past studies are found in spelling of name(Hanjae, Yi Mok), the time when Hanjae started tea life, and the time of writing Dabu. Fifth, the future study should focus on the academic and tea philosophy of Hanjae, including Confucian aspect of Hanjae tea life and comprehensive review of Dabu.

동서양 춤의 형질인류학적 비교 -국춤의 형질적 특징을 중심으로-

이병옥 ( Yi Pyong Ok ) 무용역사기록학회 2004 한국무용사학 Vol.2 No.-

In the Korean skeletal system, the cranial bone is flatter and higher than the Western people. The Korean face shape is wider and shorter, and the zygomatic bone is protruded. The eyes are shallow and narrow, and the eyeballs are protruded more than those of the westerns. The nose is a little high but has the spread furrows. The mandible is widened out toward the sides. The face is generally wider and shorter than that of the western, and has a smooth outline, which makes it difficult to grasp the face expression and emotion. The followings are relatively compared in the characteristics between Oriental dance and Western Dance. First of all, the patterns of the dance shown by the differences of the Oriental and Western styles in the physical anthropology are as follows. “c In the Oriental dance, the space structure has developed for the short-distance dance and adjacent performance that can be expressed more closely to the audience with overcoming the Oriental short height and extremities and smooth face. On the other hand, the Westerns have developed the far-distance dance and the grand theaters. Therefore, the performance of the Oriental traditional dance requires other creative traditional theaters different from the western ons. “e The Oriental people have the bending positions in their knees and walking position throughout the glacial epoch while the Western people have the stretching positions owing to the warm weather. “e The chest form is also different between the Orientals to dance with the crouched chest and the Westerns to dance with the straightened chest, according to the whether. “e The Orientals generally hide the bodies with clothes not to expose the short extremities, and accordingly, develop the dance with the hidden bodies. However, the western dance is normalized to well expose the slimy extremities. “e The Oriental dance has been developed with diverse swinging movements through the short upper extremities in expressing the emotion, however, the Western dance includes a variety of stretching positions through the long upper extremities. In addition, the swinging movements of the Oriental dance are usually harmonized with Hansam (Japanese hop), Jangsam(a Buddhist monks robe) or towel, to show the sweeping movements with some properties whereas the Western dance commonly expresses the extending arms without and property. “i While the westerns exhibit the leaping steps using long legs in walking and the running steps with the tall height caused by lots of movements in a plain, the Orientals develop the hopping steps with short legs and the dangling walking due to the long settled life that does not require the people running. The sitting position is differently generalized as extending form for the westerns and as bending form for the Orientals. “i The Oriental dance has been developed as a round-shaped body dance with long and chubby waist lines derived from the long small intestines caused by the grain and vegetable diet and the body fat increased to endure glacial coldness. However, the Western dance has been transformed as a slender waist dance with slim waist lines originated from the short small intestines induced by the high-caloric meat diet.

洪景來亂과 定州城圖

李丙燾(Yi Pyong-do) 백산학회 1967 白山學報 Vol.- No.3

On December 18, 1811, in the eleventh year of King Sunjo(純祖), Hong Kyŏng-Re rose in rebellion, discontented mainly with political corruption wrought by the Kim(金) family of Andong(安東) then in power and with discriminative treatment given to people of the Pyong’an(平安) Province for generations. In several days, the rebellion spread rapidly in the neighboring localities as many of the officials and government slaves in each Up(邑) (town) joined up. But Hong’s army was fatally defeated in the battle of Songrim-ri(松林里), Bakch’ŏn(博川), which was its first contact with the government army, during a river-crossing operation. Beaten in this battle, Hong’s army attempted to inspirit itself anew with base at the Chŏng-ju Castle, which was an important fortress north of the Ch’ŏngch’ŏn(淸州) River. Completely besieged by the government army and isolated, Hong’s army held on for four months in the castle, which was its last base, thanks largely to its terrain. Only about 13 ri(里) in circumference, the Chŏng-ju Castle was so impregnable as to neutralize the repeated offensives launched by the government and volunteer forces, which were far superior to Hong’s army in men and equipment. The castle was covered by high mountains to the north, and below its east and west walls on mountain ridges flowed two big rivers, one from the northeast and the other from the northwest, that joined in the southeast of the castle. From the castle, furthermore, a wide road led to Kusŏng(龜城) and Tech’ŏn(泰川) in the northeast, another to Unhŭngkwan(雲興館) in Kwaksan(郭山) in the northwest, another to the Up of Kwaksan in the southwest, and a broad road to Seoul in the southeast. The government army, supported by volunteers, could bring about the fall of the castle by mere siege of it in view of limited provisions and arms in the castle, but prestige compelled them to bring Hong to immediate surrender. Finally, the government army captured the castle successfully on April 19, 1812, by employing the tactics of digging a tunnel under the northeast wall of the castle and blowing it up with explosive. Thus, the Chŏngju Castle reminds us of Hong’s Rebellion, and vice versa. A few years ago, by the way, an antique map of the Chongju Castle came into the writer’s possession. Finding that the map was of Hong’s Rebellion, the writer was overjoyed indeed. As a map of siege or troop disposition apparently used by the government army, which laid siege to the castle on all corners, it is considered a valuable material for study of Hong’s Rebellion. A relatively detailed map in bird’s eye view, made with rice paper, it is ninety centimeters long and seventy-seven centimeters wide. With the Chongju Castle in a scalene triangle, showing gates, lookouts, castle walls, sluice gates, and so on in the center, the map depicts the surrounding mountain terrain, currents (in dotted lines), roads, bridges, fields and paddies, villages, official houses, etc. outside the castle, including the fences installed by the government army and the disposition of soldiers at the headquarters and camps with their numbers. The date and drawer of the map is unknown, but its antiquity is proof that it was either drawn at the operations center then or copied immediately thereafter. As for the date, Bang U-chŏng’s(方禹鼎) Chinjung-Ilki(陣中日記) (Diary at the Front) gives a clue: The passage for March 21, 1812 in the diary records the total number of troops as 8,355 men, which coincides with that written on the map. At any rate, it is beyond question that the map is an invaluable reference material for study of Hong’s Rebellion. Its only flaw regrettably is that it has no representation of the activities of Hong’s Army.

백제칠지도고 (百濟七支刀考)

이병도 ( Pyong Do Yi ) 진단학회 1974 진단학보 Vol.- No.38

차(茶)문헌에 나타난 약수의 수질특성에 관한 연구

이병인(Pyong-In Yi),권정환(Jung-hwan Kwon),고소희(So-hui Ko),홍성철(Sung-chul Hong),이용재(Yong-jae Lee),이영경(Young-kyoung) 한국차학회 2017 한국차학회지 Vol.23 No.2

In this study, mineral water was selected based on the tea literatures. The results of the analysis of the water quality of the selected mineral water are as follows. 1. As a result of the field survey, the pH, ORP, DO, conductivity, salinity and temperature satisfied Korean water quality standards (spring water). 2. In the inorganic and organic substances analysis, no hazardous inorganic substances were detected. Some harmful organic substances were detected, but the mineral water satisfied the Korean water quality standards (spring water) and can be used as tea water. 3. In terms of its aesthetic impact, the material analysis suggested that the mineral water generally satisfied the Korean drinking water quality standards (spring water). The level of iron was high in some areas and, consequently, the frequency of use of the water was low. The level of iron had no influence on health, but it did influence the taste of the tea. 4. Overall, the water described in the tea literatures is judged to satisfy Korean drinking water quality standards (spring water), but it is necessary to clean it to make it less for turbid.

우리나라 茶人들의 茶書畵에 대한 인식조사 연구

이병인(Pyong-In Yi),이영경(Young-Kyoung Yi),이상혁(Sang-Houck Lee) 한국차학회 2008 한국차학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Tea calligraphy and painting refers to the calligraphies and paintings that are displayed in Tea rooms. Past studies with regard to tea paintings have been conducted mostly for Chosun Dynasty, which results in little information on current trend for tea calligraphy and paintings in modern tea life. This research aims to investigate the current trend and characteristics for tea calligraphy and paintings using questionnaire survey. The survey was performed to 201 tea peoples who consider themselves as having tea lives. The important findings on the current characteristics of tea calligraphy and painting are as follows: 1) Elegance(31.3%), spirit(27.9%), harmony(24.9%) were evaluated as the important conditions for the tea calligraphy and painting, 2) Zen calligraphy and painting(39.3%) and four gentlemen painting(26.4%) were found as the most popular categories of tea calligraphy and painting. 3) The desirable contents of tea calligraphy and painting were chosen as tea- related(47.3%), and nature-related(26.9%). 4) Scroll(47.8%) and frame(25.4%) were the most used forms of tea calligraphy and painting. The found characteristics of the owned tea calligraphy and paintings are as follows: 1) Among the participants, 112 people(55.7%) had their own tea rooms. 2) Zen calligraphy and four gentlemen painting occupied respectively 36.6% and 24.1% of the owned tea calligraphy and paintings. 3) the content were zen-related(36.6%), tea-related(29.5%), and nature-related(27.7%). 4) The popular forms were scroll(48.2%) and frame(36.6%). In conclusion, it was suggested that more research should be performed in the future in order to create the new tea-culture that can match modern tea life.

자연공원지역 사찰쓰레기의 특성평가

이병인 ( Pyong In Yi ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2008 환경영향평가 Vol.17 No.5