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Monitoring of Butyltin Compounds Between 1992 and 2009 in Korean Bays
이성언(Seongeon Lee),박천호(Chunho Park),성락규(Rockkyu Sung),이동섭(Dongsup Lee) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2009 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11월
As of 2003, the use of tributyltin (TBT) has been prohibited in Korea. The results of the tests for concentrations of butyltin compounds from this lab in 1992 were compared with those from the same sites in 2006 and 2009. The annual average of each year was used to demonstrate the declining amount of TBT, which dropped from 12.76 ng/L in 1992 to 6.21 ng/L in 2006 and 1.61 ng/L in 2009. The TBT frequency detection was 70% in 1992, 61% in 2006, and 11% in 2009. Therefore, it is the conclusion of the authors that overall TBT use in Korea is declining. Nevertheless, butyltin compounds were still detected at several sites in Koreaat high concentrations. Accordingly, the concentration of butyltin compounds along specific Korean coastal sites needs to be constantly monitored.
김은중 ( Eun-joong Kim ),이동섭 ( Dongsup Lee ) 대한임상검사과학회 2020 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.52 No.4
코로나바이러스는 본래 자연동물숙주에 한정된 엔주틱 감염으로 발견되었으나, 이후 일부 종들은 동물-인간 종의 장벽을 넘어 인간에게 주노틱 감염을 확립하기 위해 진행되었다. 이에 따라 이종 간 장벽의 점프로 인해 사스-코로나바이러스, 메르스-코로나바이러스 그리고 사스- 코로나바이러스2 등의 치명적인 인간 바이러스로 나타났다. 코로나바이러스에는 스파이크, 막, 외피 그리고 뉴클레오캡시드 단백질의 4가지 주요 단백질이 함유되어 있다. 코로나바이러스의 복제 주기는 세포 이입, 게놈 번역, 복제, 조립 그리고 방출로 이어진다. 이들은 2002년 중국 광동성 사스-코로나바이러스가 발병하기 전까지 인간에게 고병원성으로 여겨지지 않았다. 그러나 2002년 중증 급성 호흡기 증후군이 세계적으로 8,422명이 발병하고, 치사율이 11%에 이르는 유행병으로 발생했다. 메르스 코로나바이러스는 낙타 코로나바이러스와 연관성이 높다. 2019년 12월 중국 우한에서 발생한 발병으로 2019-nCoV에 감염된 환자의 군집이 확인되었으며, 곧 전 세계로 확산되었다. 2019-nCoV는 호흡기를 통해 전파된 후 심할 경우 폐렴도 유발할 수 있다. 이 바이러스의 확인에는 감염자의 상기호흡기 표본 검체에 기초한 분자진단법이 사용되었다. 이 리뷰에서는 우리는 바이러스의 구조와 유전적 구성뿐 아니라 생명주기, 진단과 잠재적 치료법을 검토하였다. Coronaviruses were originally discovered as enzootic infections that limited to their natural animal hosts, but some strains have since crossed the animal-human species barrier and progressed to establish zoonotic diseases. Accordingly, cross-species barrier jumps resulted in the appearance of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 that manifest as virulent human viruses. Coronaviruses contain four main structural proteins: spike, membrane, envelope, and nucleocapsid protein. The replication cycle is as follows: cell entry, genome translation, replication, assembly, and release. They were not considered highly pathogenic to humans until the outbreaks of SARS-CoV in 2002 in Guangdong province, China. The consequent outbreak of SARS in 2002 led to an epidemic with 8,422 cases, and a reported worldwide mortality rate of 11%. MERS-CoVs is highly related to camel CoVs. In 2019, a cluster of patients infected with 2019-nCoV was identified in an outbreak in Wuhan, China, and soon spread worldwide. 2019-nCoV is transmitted through the respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia. Molecular diagnosis based on upper respiratory region swabs is used for confirmation of this virus. This review examines the structure and genomic makeup of the viruses as well as the life cycle, diagnosis, and potential therapy. Copyright Ⓒ 2020 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved.
중국과 한국여성에서 나이에 따른 인유두종바이러스의 유병률과 분포
김지혁 ( Geehyuk Kim ),김성현 ( Sunghyun Kim ),박선영 ( Sunyoung Park ),박상정 ( Sangjung Park ),( Han Lin ),( Yubo Ren ),( Li Yingxue ),이인수 ( In Soo Lee ),이재달 ( Jae Dal Lee ),이동섭 ( Dongsup Lee ) 대한임상검사과학회 2015 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.47 No.4
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women worldwide. Cervical cancer is significantly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The prevalence of HPV infection is influenced by geography, immune status, sexual history and genetic factors. For example, geographically, HPV prevalence varies from 1.5% to 39%. However, little is known about the relationship between HPV prevalence and age. An analysis of HPV prevalence by age will help determine when high-risk groups are exposed to HPV. Such an analysis could also demonstrate a correlation between specific HPV genotypes and age. In addition, the analysis might clarify the optimum age for using vaccines. In this study, HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among Korean and Chinese women are analyzed by age. The REBA HPV-IDⓡ assay (YD diagnostics, Yong-in, Republic of Korea) was used for detecting HPV genotypes in uterine cervical liquid-based cytology samples from 533 women from Korea and 324 from East China (Western Shandong province. Women with severe dysplasia such as SCC (Squamous cell carcinoma) and HSIL (High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) groups were primarily in their 40s and 50s, whereas women with mild and moderate dysplasia (ASCUS and LSIL groups) were primarily in their 30s and 40s. Women with HPV genotype 16 and 18 infections were primarily in their 40s. The results suggest that HPV infection is associated with certain age groups in the Korean population.
李東燮 漢城大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.12 No.1
Mary Tudor, the daughter of Henry Ⅷ and Catherine of Aragon, was brought up as heir to the throne, but was harshly treated by Henry Ⅷ after his divorce from Catherine. Mary was forced to sign a declaration acknowledging the union of her parents to have been illegal and rejecting the papal authority. But after the death of her half-brother, Fdward Ⅵ in 1553, She gained popular support and was proclaimed queen Mary Ⅰ. Her reign started by acts of clemency toward her enemies. Parliament asserted her legitimacy and repealed the antipapal laws which had been made under the reign of Henry Ⅷ, and England was absolved by the pope through Reginald Cardinal Pole, returning from exile as special ambassador of the Pope. Facing the strong popular opposition, MA교 Ⅰ announced her plan of marrying Felipe of Spain, the son of her cousin Emperor Karl Ⅴ, in 1554. Revolts broke out in England, and Sir Thomas Wyatt marched his troops form Kent to London before he failed. As a result, the queen's half sister, Elizabeth was imprisoned, but was released a few months later. The old laws against heresy laws were revived in 1555, and a stern persecution of the protestants began. Mary Ⅰ, embittered by her early life, by her marital difficulties with Felipe of Spain, and by her ill health, must bear a considerable responsibility for the burning of nearly 300 persons at the stake which gave her the nickname "Bloody Mary" Among the executed were famous Protestant bishops including Hugh Iatimer, Thomas Cranmer, and NicholasaRidley. Because of the influence of Felipe Ⅱ, England took part in the war between Spain and France in 1557, in spite of her poor financial condition. The loss of Calais to the French in 1558 proved to be the final blow in Mary's unhappy life. The Marian Reaction Betrays an intellectual and religious sterility uncharacteristic of the Catholic Reformation then prevailing in many parts of Furope. Mary Ⅰ could not Restore Catholicism England as she had dreamed. When the queen and Pole died in 1558 the Catholic cause stood in utter disarray. Tired of Catholic fanaticism and of Spanish influence, nearly of the people welcomed the accession of the Princess of Elizabeth who was to settle the religious problems based upon English interests.