젖소 유방염 유즙에서 분리한 Streptococcus uberis의 항생제 감수성 및 유전학적 특성

이길,강현미,정충일,문진산,Lee, Gil,Kang, Hyun-Mi,Chung, Chung-il,Moon, Jin-San 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

Streptococcus spp. comprising Streptococcus (S.) uberis S. dysgalactiae strains is major causeof bovine mastitis from particularly well-managed or low somatic cell count herds that have successfullycontrolled contagious pathogens. In this study, antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of S.uberis isolated from clinical or subclinical mastitis milk at 2003 were investigated. Eighty seven isolatesof Streptococus spp. were identified by the conventional biochemical methods. The antimicrobialsusceptibility by disk diffusion method was determined for 46 S. uberis, 11 S. bovis, 10 S. oralis, 6 S.uberis and 14 other Streptococcus spp.. Overall, the tested strains were susceptible to tetracycline (11.5%),amikacin (14.9%), streptomycin (16.1%), neomycin (26.4%), kanamycin (35.6%), gentamicin (65.2%),oxacillin (70.1%), ampicillin (75.9%), chloramphenicol (78.2%), and cephalothin (97.7%). Additionally, S.uberis strains were susceptible to pencillin G (97.8%), but resistant to erythromycin (76.0%) by minimalinhibitory concentration test. The multiple-drug resistance rate of isolated bacteria to 4 more thanamplification fingerprinting patterns amplifed with primer 8.6d showed that 3 to 8 number of distinguishableDNA fragments ranged from 180 bp to 1,20 bp. Thirty seven isolates of S. uberis strains were subtypedinto 8 distinct patterns. Each subtype revealed a typical pattern of antimicrobial susceptibilities. Thesefindings demonstrate that S. uberis isolates were mastitis pathogens of diverse serotypes, and oftenencountered the diverse resistant patterns.

대한주택공사 충청권 종합홍보관 - 금성종합건축사사무소 + 에이블피앤디

이길임(Lee, Gill-im),임환기(Lim, Hwan-gi),김재식(Kim, Jae-sik),이성호(Lee, Seong-ho) 현대건축사 2007 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.95

국립중앙박물관 전시연계 교육 박물관 백년의 비밀을 통해 본 박물관 교육의 고찰

이길은 ( Kil Eun Lee ),조혜진 ( Hye Jin Cho ) (사)한국전시산업융합연구원 2010 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.6 No.-

spectators to watch the valuable objects actively and to learn from them in the museum. The museum has been recognized as a place where the traditional and historical relics are gathered, kept, studied and displayed. However, a core target of the museum is spectators who watch them, not the museum`s collection. In other word, the museum is the space where the collection is displayed to the public through the exhibition or study. In Europe, the museum has been recognized as a culture education institution in the society from the earliest days. In Korea, the educational function and role of the museum stared to be considered from an academic perspective just 10 years ago. Unlike the western museum which started to be settled as the public institution in the local society because its educational function was noticed early, the Korean museums exist only as the target of school trip and performance evaluation for students. But, in recent years, the Korean museums including museums and galleries as well as the national museum have become the center of culture education by carrying the banner for the spectator-centric museum. In such the situation, the museum`s role was considered again in celebration of its 100th anniversary in 2009. The national museum of Korea had the special exhibition Yeo-Min-He-Rak to reconsider 100 years` Korean museums last year. Being the linked education program, A Secret of the Museum`s 100 Years was running for the family accompanied with children amidst rising popularity during the period of exhibition. This study is intended to examine the basic contents of Yeo-Min-He-Rak, to check into the linked education program, A Secret of the Museum`s 100 Years, and to deeply identify how the museum education has been performed in the field through interview with the education officials and participants. Through it, the study is aimed to analyze how the exhibition and education which is the center of the museum is formed and is correlated with each other. Furthermore, the direction and vision of the museum education will be considered. The museum education can be perfected through collaboration with other departments. That is, it is independent from the museum but a constant cooperation with diverse areas such as the spectator research, collection analysis and exhibition display is required. There needs more professional and systematic system, not the exhibition planning and its linked education program. It is necessary to perceive what we need through the exhibition-linked education program mentioned in this study. The museum education has been provided to the public just from the perspective of program. The museum education provided in the field is not enough to satisfy the public and researchers. Even the National Museum of Korea that has the stable operation system and financial supports has not presented the systematic vision for the museumeducation. The reason can be found in the short history, but the biggest problem is the lack of internal and external interests of the museum. There are more than nation-wid 600 museums and galleries now. Many local governments have strived to build up the museum even now. What is necessary in this situation is that each museum should establishits role and direction in the society. At this point, the role of the museum education becomes more significant. The role of the museum education is desperately needed in making the museum of attracting spectators and approaching the publicthrough diverse education programs and relatedevents in the museum. Accordingly, the museumeducation seems to have the future-oriented potential.

회원작품 - 건축비평 _ 차이커뮤니케이션 사옥 비움이 그린 '차이'나는 풍경

이길임,Lee, Gill-im 대한건축사협회 2024 建築士 Vol.660 No.-

부산 동래의 역사지구 내 기존 골목길의 장소성을 통한 창업시설 계획안

강혜리(Kang, Hye-ri),이길임(Lee, Gill-im) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.37 No.2

The spatial structure of the city is based on the flow of history, resulting in the cumulative nature of history and the presence of regional communities. The Dongnae area in Busan is experiencing a change of space by typing in different cities, leaving historical footprints disappear, increasing consumption space, and destroying the city’s identity. We intend to revive the historical site of the historical site and revive the establishment of the commercial community by restoring the integrity of the commercial community by restoring the community of shopkeepers.

한국의 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion 치료시 혈당 / 인슐린 지수와 당질/인슐린 비에 관한 연구

김선두(Sun Doo Kim),이길도(Kil Do Lee),김순제(Soon Je Kim),최의광(Ewi Kwang Choi),최수봉(Soo Bong Choi),박선민(Sun Min Park) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.59 No.6

Background : According to the results of Diabetes Control and Complication Trial, the best strategy to prevent and/or delay diabetic complications is to maintain the normal blood glucose levels. This led to emphasize the necessity of intensive management of diabetes. The purpose of the study was to determine blood glucose/insulin index and carbohydrate (CHO)-to-insulin ratios after normalization of blood glucose levels, and to select the factors to influence the blood glucose/insulin index and CHO-to-insulin ratios in Korean type 2 diabetic patients with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment using insulin pump and CHO counting as a meal management. Methods : Fifty-five type 2 diabetic patients who started CSII therapy checked their blood glucose levels before and after three meals, and recorded the amounts of insulin injected in fasting and each meal and the amounts of carbohydrates consumed in each meal. Actual blood glucose/insulin index and CHO-to-insulin ratio were determined using the records, and also they were calculated using Functional Insulin Treatment Training Methods (FITTM) proposed by Howorka. Calculated values were compared to actual values. The meaningful factors to influence the actual values were selected by backward stepwise regression analysis. Results : The average age of the subjects was 49.9±12.5 years, and the duration of diabetes was 8.7±4.5 years. Their body mass index was 22.5±3.6 kg/m2. Daily insulin requirements to normalize the blood glucose levels reached to maximum levels at l0 day CSII treatment, and they were reduced and stabilized after 20 days of the treatment. The quotient K, representing insulin sensitivity, was also decreased after CSII treatment. The basal insulin index was 0.21 IU/kg at 10 days and 0.16 IU/kg at 20 days in our study, and these values were lower than the value from FITTM, 0.35 IU/kg The blood/glucose index was -2.5 mmol/L at 10 day CSII treatment, and it was decreased to -4.4 mmol/L at 20 day treatment to the stable levels. CHO-to-insulin ratio provided by FITTM was 2.59 IU/CHO exchange unit and the ratio was 3.12 IU/CHO exchange unit at 10 days, which was decreased to 1.84 IU/CHO exchange unit at 20 days in our study. CHO-to-insulin ratios at breakfast from carbohydrate counting were higher than those of lunch and dinner, and the ratios were 1.5 to 2.5 IU/CHO exchange unit. According to the stepwise regression analysis, the blood glucose/insulin index was affected by gender, age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose levels and fasting c-peptide levels, and CHO-to-insulin ratios were influenced by gender, age, BMI, post-prandial blood glucose levels and post-prandial c-peptide levels. Conclusions : CSII treatment can make blood glucose levels maintain in normal ranges in Korean type 2 diabetic patients, and can improve insulin sensitivity. Basal insulin requirements were lower and prandial insulin requirements were higher than those calculated from FITTM. This difference between Korean and the Western can be related to difference of insulin secretion from pancreas and nutrient intake.(Korean J Med 59:602-611, 2000)

明治期のヘルバルト主義における「体育」

中野浩一(Nakano Koichi),李吉魯(Lee Gil Ro) 동아시아일본학회 2017 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.64

본 연구는 메이지 시대의 헤르바르트주의에 있어서 “체육”의 개념을 검토하여 그 개념의 다양성과 그에 따른 영향을 분석했다. 특히 삼육주의와 헤르바르트주의에 있어서 “체육”이 형성되어 가는 과정을 검토하였고, 또한 헤르바르트주의가 종식한 이후에도 “체육”개념의 일부는 교육학이나 학교교육제도에 답습되어 그 영향력이 미쳤음을 고찰했다. 이와 같이 교육의 목적을 지 덕 체로 구분하는 삼육주의는 생리 위생학에 근거한 신체교육을 의미하는 “체육”이 교육학의 문제로 취급되었던 것이다. 또한 체조과 교원뿐만 아니라 오늘날에는 모든 교육자가 신체면의 육성을 담당하도록 요구되어지고 있는데, 그 점은 학교교육제도에도 반영되고 있다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 교육목적을 정신면의 육성에 한정하는 헤르바르트주의는 신체교육을 부정하기 때문에 “체육”에 관한 항목이 없는 교육학서가 일반화되는 경향이 있다. 물론 “체육”에 관한 항목이 있는 경우에도 신체교육의 개념에 관해서는 삼육주의에서 인정되는 신체교육의 개념과 다른 면이 인정된다. 정신교육의 수단으로서 운동을 행한다는 운동교육의 개념에 대해서는, 정신면의 육성에 치우치고 있지만 운동교육의 개념을 각인시키는 역할을 한다고 말할 수 있다. In Herbartianism, the concept of the education of the body was denied, because Herbartianism limited an educational purpose to the mental aspect. For this, the pedagogical books without the term “physical education” generalized. Even if there was the term in rare case, it was criticized as an unnecessary thing because it was not involved in the mental development. Regarding the concept of the movement education, which used exercise as a means of mental education, although it wasa biased way of thinking towards mental development, it played a role of impressing this concept. Herbartianism distinguished between nursing and education, and regarded physical problems as nursing which was the pre-stage of education. This concept of the care of the body was applied in the subsequent pedagogy and school education system. Herbartianism was regarded as the basis of pedagogy and this situation continued, so the physical problems were the role of experts, mainly medical professionals, teachers of gymnastics and physical education.

전라남도 여성플라자 - 금성종합건축사사무소

김용미(Kim, Yong-mi),이길임(Lee, Gill-im),임환기(Lim, Hwan-gi) 현대건축사 2006 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.90

日本に紹介された欧米教育学説における「体育」の扱い方

中野浩一(Nakano Koichi),李吉魯(Lee GilRo) 동아시아일본학회 2017 일본문화연구 Vol.0 No.61

1868년 메이지유신 이후 일본은 서양의 진보주의에 기초하여 주로 구미의 사상과 과학의 도입에 역점을 두었다. 이로 인해 일본의 교육학은 서양교육학설의 영향으로 발전하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 점을 객관적으로 규명하기 위해서 일본에 소개된 구미교육학설의 번역서와 일본인들에 의해 집필된 도서를 연대순으로 정리해 봄으로서 ‘체육’에 대한 언급의 유무, 그리고 그에 관한 추이와 개념의 차이를 비교하였다. ‘체육’에 대해 번역교육서에서 언급의 유무를 검토한 결과, 1870∼90년대에는 체육에 대한 언급이 나타났으나 1900년대 이후에는 극도로 감소하였다. 1870∼80년대에는 신체교육의 의미로서 언급되어졌고 1890년대에 점차 감소하기 시작하여 1900년대 이후에는 신체교육의 의미로서의 체육에 대한 언급이 극히 소수에 한정되어졌다. 1890년대부터는 신체보호로서의 의미가, 1900년대 이후에는 운동교육으로서의 의미가 사용되어졌다. After the Meiji restoration in 1868, Japan attempted to introduce physical education. This paper establishes the chronological order of the “educational translation books,” the Western educational theory books that were translated into Japanese; compares the books with reference/non-reference to the term physical education; and provides an analysis of the different concepts of the term. The examination of the number of references concerning physical education in educational translation books shows that, while the term is referred to in books written during 1870∼1890, it is seldom referred to after 1900. In a continued examination of the concepts of physical education, only the education of the body can be seen in the books from 1870∼1880, and reference to it gradually decreases in 1890, with a drastic decrease in the early 1900s. References to the care of the body can be seen in the books after the 1890s, and few references to education through physical activity are seen after the early 1900s.

우암동 소막마을의 주거환경개선 계획안

변수정(Byeon, Su-Jeong),이길임(Lee, Gill-Im) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.37 No.2

There are currently big and small disasters in the city. Two types of social disasters such as natural disasters, floods, and disasters are divided into two categories. More people live in cities where people live in crowded areas. Currently, only inefficient temporary housing is being distributed. Uam-dong is an area prone to disasters and is heavily populated by dense housing. Therefore, a new module is interpreted as a modular construct and a combination of new modules is created. In addition to Uam-dong, they make temporary housing available in other areas.