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정상 피부와 과색소가 침착된 피부의 Melanin양과 Erythema양간의 상관성과 정량적 변화
윤영한 ( Young Han Yun ),김경란 ( Kyeong Ran Kim ),김용숙 ( Yong Sook Kim ),박보름 ( Bo Reum Park ),김기영 ( Ki Young Kim ) 한국미용학회 2009 한국미용학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Colors of human skin are a wide range and variety such as white, brown and black. Melanin and erythema play a important role for definition of skin color. The aim of the study is to assess the content and correlation between melanin and erythema in different body sites in skin. volunteers of males and females in twenties age group of korean were agreed with experiment and content of melanin and erythema on the face, back and abdomen of body were measured in range of 450-870nm by mexameter. The analysis of correlations was used by SPSS 11.0 program. In the result, the highest content of melanin was shown in abdomen of male (137.6~250.4AU) and female (112.2~224.0AU) group, but the highest erythema content of face appears in male (336.1~453.3AU). Melanin content of hyperpigmented skin is relative higher than erythema in compared with normal skin. Good correlation was observed not only in normal back skin of males and females (r=0.744, r=0.831) but also back and abdomen in hyperpigmented skin of males and females (r=0.826, r=0.974), in spite of very low correlation in face of males and females. And the level of melanin and erythema in different skins of twenties age group was shown relatively different values, and level of melanin was lower in face of females than males. So that melanin and erythema content revealed great individuality. In conclusion, primary data of melanin and erythema content in different body skins of korean could be collected. Cleansing and washing with cosmetics and/or soaps in face may be help depigmentation (alkali soluble eumelanin), and measurement of melanin content could be useful for hyperpigmentation parameter.
LPS로 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7세포에 대한 참콩풍뎅이(Popillia flavosellata) 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과
윤영일(Young-Il Yoon),황재삼(Jae-Sam Hwang),김미애(Mi-Ae Kim),안미영(Mi Young Ahn),이영보(Young-Bo Lee),한명세(Myung Sae Han),구태원(Tae-Won Goo),윤은영(Eun-Young Yun) 한국생명과학회 2015 생명과학회지 Vol.25 No.9
본 연구에서는 참콩풍뎅이(Popillia flavosellata) 에탄올 추출물(PFE)의 항염증 효능을 분석하기 위해 PFE를 농도별(500, 1,000, 2,000 ㎍/ml)로 대식세포인 RAW 264.7에 처리 시 최고 처리농도인 2,000 ㎍/ml까지 통계적인 유의성 있는 독성이 없음을 확인하였다. LPS (100 ng/ml)로 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에 PFE를 농도별(500, 1,000, 2,000 ㎍/ml)로 동시 처리 시 농도 의존적으로 염증성사이토카인인 TNF-α와 IL-6의 단백질 생성을 통계적인 유의성(p<0.001)있게 억제함을 확인하였다. 또한 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에 PFE 동시 처리 시 NF-κB p65의 핵으로 이동이 차단됨과 iNOS와 COX-2의 단백질 발현을 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 참콩풍뎅이는 염증에 의해 활성화된 TLR-4 신호전달과정을 조절하는 NF-κB p65의 활성과 염증성사이토카인 TNF-α와 IL-6의 생성 및 염증성효소 iNOS와 COX-2의 생성을 억제하는 항염증 효능이 있음을 확인하였다. The beetle Popillia flavosellata has been no reported its functional effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of P. flavosellata ethanol extract (PFE) on RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for the induction of inflammation. First, we examined the cytotoxicity of PFE in the RAW 264.7 cells at a concentration of 2,000 μg/ml or less. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of PFE, we investigated the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and proinflammatory enzymes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we examined whether PFE inhibited the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 into the nucleus in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. We found that the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells after the treatment with PFE in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we confirmed that PFE inhibited the translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus, as well as the protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2. Accordingly, we propose that PFE exerts an anti-inflammatory effect through the down-regulation of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 via the toll like receptor (TLR)-4 inflammatory signaling pathway.
세포독성과 형태학적 변화 관찰을 통한 5종 에센셜 오일의 안전성 검색
윤영한 ( Young Han Yun ),김경순 ( Kyong Soon Kim ),오혜영 ( Hye Young Oh ),유병수 ( Byong Soo Yu ),김기영 ( Ki Young Kim ) 한국미용학회 2008 한국미용학회지 Vol.14 No.3
In medical- and esthetic area the aromatherapy has spread widely by using of inhalation, bath and topical massage with essential oil. Thereby the safety, danger of irritation and sensitive reaction and injury of essential oil must be considered for clients and therapists. Therefore, in this study the safety of 5 species essential oils (ginger, cypress, rosemary, lavender and black pepper) was proven by the measurement of MTT-assay and sirius red staining. Liver cell, brain cell and kidney cell were chosen for the cell viability assay and morphological change observations. In this result, ginger and rosemary have shown as 50% of liver cell viability in concentration of 0.0012㎕/㎖ and 0.0014㎕/㎖. Cell lysis and nucleus breaking were shown in concentration of 0.002% cypress and lavender treated liver cell, and 0.001% black pepper and cypress treated brain cell. Ginger, rosemary and lavender were appeared as very low cytotoxicity on brain cell (in concentration of 0.0006 ㎕/㎖(ginger oil), 0.0011㎕/㎖(rosemary) and 0.00054 ㎕/㎖(lavender)). And lavender, rosemary and ginger revealed very low toxicity on kidney cell, and cell lysis and nucleus breaking did not observed in concentration of 0.002% lavender and rosemary treated kidney cell. Cypress has shown a low cytotoxicity on liver, brain and kidney cell. In conclusion, 5 essential oils such as ginger, cypress, rosemary, lavender and black pepper may be use carefully in very low dosage for inhalation and the concentrated essential oil should not be directly touched and exposed. Absolute essential oils must be diluted with carrier oil for topical and systematic massage.
Primary Cultures of Drosophila melanogaster Gut Cells for Studies of Intestinal Stem Cell Regulation
Young-Il Yoon(윤영일),Jae-Sam Hwang(황재삼),Tae-Won Goo(구태원),Myung-Sae Han(한명세),Mi-Young Ahn(안미영),Eun-Young Yun(윤은영) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.5
초파리는 발생과 질병연구를 위한 모델 곤충으로 널리 이용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서도 초파리를 모델곤충으로 한 장질환 연구의 일환으로 다양한 병원균 감염 및 장질환 유발시 어떻게 장줄기세포가 작용하는지를 이해하기 위해 초파리 장세포의 일차배양 방법을 확립하였다. 초파리 성충으로부터 장을 해부하고 다양한 효소를 처리하여 장세포를 분리한 후 배양하였다. 배양세포의 생존여부는 현미경 검경 및 MTS assay에 의해 확인한 결과 배양 후 9일째 최대 증식되었고 14일까지 생존함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 장줄기세포 및 장내분비세포의 존재도 immunostaining에 의해 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 구축된 초파리 일차배양 장세포는 다양한 유전자에 의한 장줄기 세포 조절연구뿐만 아니라 장에서 발생하는 다양한 질병을 연구하는 도구로 매우 유용할 것으로 추측된다. Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a useful model to study development and disease. In this study, we established the primary culture method of Drosophila in the intestine to understand how intestinal stem cells (ISCs) mediate tissue repair during infection and disease. To obtain intestinal cells, we separated intestines from adult flies and isolated single cells by enzymatic treatment. The survival of cultured cells was measured using MTS-analysis. The maximum growth rate of the cells was observed on the 9th day after seeding. In addition, the presence of ISCs and enteroendocrine cells was confirmed by delta and prospero staining. Accordingly, we supposed that Drosophila melanogaster gut cells established in this study are probably useful in studies about intestinal stem cell regulation and various diseases occurring in the intestine.
LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7세포에 대한 벼메뚜기(Oxya chinensis sinuosa) 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과
윤영일(Young-Il Yoon),정미연(Mi Yeon Chung),황재삼(Jae-Sam Hwang),구태원(Tae-Won Goo),안미영(Mi-Young Ahn),이영보(Young-Bo Lee),한명세(Myung-Sea Han),윤은영(Eun-Young Yun) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.4
본 연구에서는 벼메뚜기 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효능을 분석하기 위해 LPS로 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포를 이용하였다. OCE의 항염증 효능을 확인 하기 위해서, 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에 대해 OCE 농도 의존적으로 염증성 사이토카인인 TNF-α와 IL-6의 유전자발현 및 단백질 생성을 감소시킴을 real-time PCR과 ELISA로 확인하였다. 또한, NF-κB p65의 핵으로 이동이 차단됨을 면역형광염색으로 확인하였으며, iNOS와 COX-2 단백질 발현을 감소시키는 것을 Western blot 분석으로 확인하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 벼메뚜기는 염증에 의한 NF-κB p65의 활성과 TNF-α와 IL-6의 생성과 iNOS 및 COX-2의 발현을 억제하는 항염증 효능을 갖고 있는 것을 확인하였다. Although the grasshopper Oxya chinensis sinuosa has long been used as food in Korea, there is little data on its functional effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of O. c. sinuosa ethanol extract (OCE) in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for induction of inflammation. First, we determined that there is no cytotoxicity at 2,000 μg/ml or less of OCE in RAW 264.7 cells. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of OCE, we investigated expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and pro-inflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase- 2 (COX-2) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we examined whether OCE could inhibit translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. As a result, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6 decreased in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells after treatment with OCE in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we confirmed a 2,000 ug/ml concentration of OCE inhibited translocation of NF-κB p65 by immunnostaining and Western blot analysis, and a decrease in the protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2. Accordingly, we suppose that OCE has an anti-inflammatory effect through down-regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 related to NF-κB p65 inflammatory signaling pathways.
20대 여성의 중성두피에 샴푸세정시 유,수분과 각질량의 변화
박나현 ( Na Hyun Park ),윤영한 ( Young Han Yun ),박해련 ( Hae Ryeun Park ),김기영 ( Ki Young Kim ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2011 대한미용학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Today people`s interest on scalp and hair care is growing, and everyone use shampoo for hair washing. But the most of them do not know right shampooing time. In this study, basic data on the contents of sebum·moisture and keratin after shampooing were investigated on normal scalp. The level of sebum·moisture and keratin at frontal, left and right temporal regions, and occipital region in 5 volunteers in 20`s age were measured respectively before shampooing, and 30 minutes, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24 hours after shampooing, and also observed the condition of scalp with gross observation and light microscope. As a result, it was found that the contents of sebum before shampooing, it decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 30 minutes to 20 hours after shampooing, and the contents of sebum became similar after 24 hours. The moisture amount of moisture before shampooing, it increased from 30 minutes to 4 hours after shampooing, while decreased in some parts significantly (p<0.05) until 20 hours after shampooing, and the contents of moisture became similar after 24 hours after shampooing. Regarding the contents of keratin before shampooing, it increased from 30 minutes to 4 hours after shampooing, while decreased in some parts significantly (p<0.05) until 20 hours after shampooing, and the contents of keratin became similar after 24 hours. Unaided-eye observation on scalp before shampooing found that sebum was abundant throughout the entire scalp regions, and stuffy pores and expansion of capillary vessel due to lipid peroxide formed by sweat, sebum, and dusts was observed. Considering the observation of the contents of sebum·moisture and keratin on normal appropriate interval between shampooing is found to be about 24 hours, and the finding can be valuable basic data that people can apply in hair·scalp cleansing and care.