Korean American Queer Poetics in Willyce Kim’s Eating Artichokes

우효경 한국현대영미시학회 2018 현대영미시연구 Vol.24 No.1

This essay examines the intersection of identities in the poetry of Willyce Kim. As the first Asian lesbian to have her work published in the United States, Kim was born in Hawaii to second-generation Korean American parents. This essay reads Kim as a revolutionary poet whose poetry brings together Asian American, lesbian, and feminist literary traditions throughout her poetry collection Eating Artichokes (1972). By doing so, this essay argues that Kim’s poetic silence on her Asian American identity is a symbol of her racialized queerness. It links her strategic digression from her ethnic identity to the Asian American historical experience of being silenced. Ultimately this essay investigates how Kim’s works embody a multifaceted, politically situated intersectionality that calls into question the facade of the 1970s white middle-class lesbian feminist poetry movement.

역상 (逆相) - HPLC 와 Ag+ - HPLC 에 의한 잣기름의 트리아실글리세롤 분자종의 상호분리

우효경,조용계,김성진 ( Hyo Kyeng Woo,Yong Goe Joh,Seung Jin Kim ) 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The lipids from the seeds of Pinus koraiensis mostly composed of triacylglycerols (TGs), in which linoleic acid (46.2 mol%) and oleic acid (25.6 mol%) are present as main components in the fatty acid composition. Surprisingly, they also have unusual fatty acids with △^5-double bond systems such as △^5.9.12-C_18:3 (16.0 mol%), △^5.9-C_18:2 (2.3 mol%) and △^5.11.14-C_20:3 (0.8 mol%). Saturated fatty acids of palmitic, stearic and arachidic acid were present in less than 8.0 mol%. TG was resolved into 17 fractions by reverse-phase HPLC according to so-called partition number (PN) suggested by Plattner, in which TG molecules with △^5-NMDB acyl chains eluted later than did those with △^9-MDB acyl radicals. Ag^+-HPLC separated the TG into 14 fractions more clearly than did those with △^9-MDB acyl radicals. Ag^+-HPLC separated the TG into 14 fractions more clearly than did reverse-phase HPLC, and the complexity of △^5.9.12-C_18:3 moiety with silver ion impregnated in the colum bed was in the level between △^9.12.15-C_18:3 moiety with silver ion impregnated in the column bed was in the level between △^9.12.15-C_18:3 (C_18:3ω3) and C_18:2ω6 (△^9.12-C_18:2). In the Ag^+-HPLC, it was found that the molecular species having a given-numbered double bonds widely spreaded in the acyl chains eluted earlier than those concentrated in one acyl chain. The main molecular species are (C_18:2ω6)_2/△^5.9.12-C_18:3 (14.8 mol%), C_18ω9/(C_18:2ω6)_2 (12.8 mol%) and C_18:1ω9/C_18:2ω6/△^5.9.12-C_18:3 (10.9 mol%).

Plural Masculinities and Postcoloniality in Earl Lovelace’s The Dragon Can’t Dance

우효경 서울대학교 미국학연구소 2014 미국학 Vol.37 No.2

This essay aims to explore the representation of postcolonial masculinities in Trinidad, particularly lower‐class men’s masculinities in Earl Lovelace’s The Dragon Can’t Dance. The book shows how the postcolonial condition and colonial legacy modify, disrupt, and reconstruct new gender roles and the relationships between men. Postcolonial condition, I argue, causes the inversion of the traditional hierarchy of masculinities and the dramatic upheaval of gender (as a system) in post‐independent Trinidad. In this sense, this study examines the intersection of postcoloniality and gender throughout the representations of masculinities in the four male characters. In addition, reading postcolonial masculinities in The Dragon Can’t Dance requires an intersectional model which addresses postcolonial masculinity and other factors, such as ethnicity, social reputation, and the degree of manliness. Although lower‐class men in the book share the experience of the postcolonial condition, the text displays the diversification of their masculinities. Intersectional approach, then, could be helpful to analyze these diverse masculinities. By reading The Dragon Can’t Dance through the impact of postcolonial trauma on the masculinities of lower‐class men, I argue that The Dragon Can’t Dance negates the monolithic notion of a (singular) postcolonial masculinity and presents new types of postcolonial masculinities.

The Multivocality of Graphic Narrative in Miné Okubo’s Citizen 13660

우효경 미국소설학회 2017 미국소설 Vol.24 No.3

This essay examines Miné Okubo’s Citizen 13660 (1946), an autobiographical graphic novel, as one of the few critical voices of the Japanese internment camps in the 1940s, focusing on the concept of multivocality represented in Okubo’s Citizen 13660 as a result of the multimodality of a graphic narrative. By examining different ways Okubo includes herself in the illustrations and written texts, I argue that the multimodal aspect of graphic narrative enables Okubo to overcome the limitations of hegemonic expressive forms silencing marginal voices, and instead successfully invent an alternative perspective on the hidden and marginal history of Japanese internment. By doing so, I will show how Citizen 13660 opens up a productive and critical space of understanding history through multimodal media generating multi-voices.

입본특이적 방법과 13C-NMR 기법에 의한 잣기름의 트리아실 글리세롤의 구성지방산의 분포에 관한 연구

우효경,김성진,조용계 ( Hyo Kyeng Woo,Seung Jin Kim,Yong Goe Joh ) 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.4

All the triacylglycerols including the molecular species having △^5-unsaturated fatty acids from the seeds of Pinus Koraiensis, were split into a mixture of diacylglycerols by a Grignard reagent prepared with allyl bromide without arousing acyl chains of a glycerol moiety to migration, and were also easily partially hydrolyzed to diacylglycerols by pancreatic lipase. (S)-(+)-(1-naphthyl)ethyl urethane(NEU) derivatives of the diacylglycerol mixture derived from the triacylglycerols were fractionated into sn-1, 3-, sn-1, 2- and sn-2, 3-DG-NEU by silica-HPLC and the fatty acid composition of these fractions was analysed. C_18:1ω9 is distributed evenly in the three positions of TG with C_18:2ω6 mainly located in sn-2 position, while △^5-unsaturated fatty acids such as △^5.9-C_18:2, △^5.9.12-C^18:3 and △^5.11.14-C_20:3 are exclusively present in the sn-3 position. These results could be confirmed by ^13C-NMR sepctroscopy : the signals at δ173.231 ppm and δ172.811 ppm of the carbonyl carbon of acyl moieties indicate the presence of saturated acids and/or C_18:1ω9 (oleic acid) in the α(α`)-or β- positions, and C_18:2ω6 including C_18:1:ω9 in the β-position, respectively. In addition, the resonance at δ173.044 ppm suggested a location of △^5-unsaturated fatty acid moiety in the α(α`)-position.

Ag- - HPLC 에 의한 고추씨 기름의 TG 분자종의 분리

우효경,김영희,정금성,김성진,조용계 한국식품과학회 1999 한국식품과학회 학술대회 Vol.1999 No.1

立本特異的 方法과 ₁₃C-NMR 技法에 의한 잣기름의 트리아실 글리세롤의 構成脂肪酸의 分布에 관한 硏究

우효경(Woo Hyo Kyeng)(禹孝京),김성진(Kim Seung Jin)(金成眞),조용계(Joh Yong Goe)(趙鏞桂) 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.4

All the triacylglycerols including the molecular species having △^5-unsaturated fatty acids from the seeds of Pinus Koraiensis, were split into a mixture of diacylglycerols by a Grignard reagent prepared with allyl bromide without arousing acyl chains of a glycerol moiety to migration, and were also easily partially hydrolyzed to diacylglycerols by pancreatic lipase. (S)-(+)-(1-naphthyl)ethyl urethane(NEU) derivatives of the diacylglycerol mixture derived from the triacylglycerols were fractionated into sn-1, 3-, sn-1, 2- and sn-2, 3-DG-NEU by silica-HPLC and the fatty acid composition of these fractions was analysed. C_18:1ω9 is distributed evenly in the three positions of TG with C_18:2ω6 mainly located in sn-2 position, while △^5-unsaturated fatty acids such as △^5.9-C_18:2, △^5.9.12-C^18:3 and △^5.11.14-C_20:3 are exclusively present in the sn-3 position. These results could be confirmed by ^13C-NMR sepctroscopy : the signals at δ173.231 ppm and δ172.811 ppm of the carbonyl carbon of acyl moieties indicate the presence of saturated acids and/or C_18:1ω9 (oleic acid) in the α(α`)-or β- positions, and C_18:2ω6 including C_18:1:ω9 in the β-position, respectively. In addition, the resonance at δ173.044 ppm suggested a location of △^5-unsaturated fatty acid moiety in the α(α )-position.

중수소화 , Pentafluorobenzyl 화와 GLC - Mass Spectrometry 에 의한 Conjugate Trienoic Acid 함유 Triacylglycerol 분자종의 입체특이적 분석

우효경(Hyo Kyeng Woo),김성진(Seong Jin Kim),조용계(Yong Goe Joh) 한국유화학회 2001 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.18 No.3

N/A CTA ester bonds in TG molecules were not attacked by pancreatic lipase and lipases produced by microbes such as Candida cylindracea, Chromobacterium viscosum, Geotricum candidium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizophus delemar, R. arrhizus and Mucor miehei. An aliquot of total TG of all the seed oils and each TG fraction of the oils collected from HPLC runs were deuterated prior to partial hydrolysis with Grignard reagent, because CTA molecule was destroyed with treatment of Grignard reagent. Deuterated TG (dTG) was hydrolyzed partially to a mixture of deuterated diacylglycerols (dDG), which were subsequently reacted with (S)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl isocyanate to derivatize into dDG-NEUs. Purified dDG-NEUs were resolved into 1, 3-, 1, 2- and 2, 3-dDG-NEU on silica columns in tandem of HPLC using a solvent of 0.4% propan-1-o1 (containing 2% water)-hexane. An aliquot of each dDG-NEU fraction was hydrolyzed and (fatty acid-PFB ester). These derivatives showed a diagnostic carboxylate ion, (M-1)^-, as parent peak and a minor peak at m/z 196 (PFB-CH_3)^- on NICI mass spectra. In the mass spectra of the fatty acid-PFB esters of dTGs derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii and M. charantia, peaks at m/z 285, 287, 289 and 317 were observed, which corresponded to (M-1)^- of deuterized oleic acid (d_2-C_18:0), linoleic acid (d_4-C_18:0), punicic acid (d_6-C_18:0) and eicosamonoenoic acid (d_2-C_20:0), respectively. Fatty acid compositions of deuterized total TG of each oil measured by relative intensities of (M-1)^- ion peaks were similar with those of intact TG of the oils by GLC. The composition of fatty acid-PFB esters of total dTG derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii are as follows ; C_16:0, 4.6 mole % (4.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C_18:0, 3.0 mole % (3.1 mole %), d_2C_18:0, 11.9 mole % (12.5 mole %, sum of C_18:1ω9 and C_18:1ω7), d_4-C_18:0, 39.3 mole % (38.9 mole %, sum of C_18:2ω6 and its isomer), d_6-C_18:0, 41.1 mole % (40.5 mole %, sum of C_18:3 9c,11t,13c, C_18:3 9c,11t,13r and C_18:3 9t,11t,13c), d_2-C_20:0, 0.1 mole % (0.2 mole % of C_20:1ω9). In total dTG derived from the seed oils of M. charantia, the fatty acid components are C_16:0, 1.5 mole % (1.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C_18:0, 12.0 mole % (12.3 mole %), d_2-C_18:0, 16.9 mole % (17.4 mole %, sum of C_18:1ω9), d_4-C_18:0, 11.0 mole % (10.6 mole %, sum of C_18:2ω6), d_6-C_18:0, 58.6 mole % (57.5 mole %, sum of C_18:3 9c,11t,13t and C_18:3 9c,11t,13c). In the case of Aleurites fordii, C_16:o ; 2.2 mole % (2.4 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C_18:0 ; 1.7 mole % (1.7 mole %), d_2-C_18:0 ; 5.5 mole % (5.4 mole %, sum of C_18:1ω9), d_4-C_18:0 ; 8.3 mole % (8.5 mole %, sum of C_18:2ω6), d_6-C_18:0 ; 82.0 mole % (81.2 mole %, sum of C_18:3 9c,11t,13t and C_18:3 9c,11t,13c). In the stereospecific analysis of fatty acid distribution in the TG species of the seed oils of T. kilirowii, C_18:3 9c,11t,13r and C_18:2ω6 were mainly located at sn-2 and sn-3 position, while saturated acids were usually present at sn-1 position. And the major molecular species of (C_18:2ω6)(C_18:3 9c,11t,13c)_2 and (C_18:1ω9)(C_18:2ω6)(C_18:3 9c,11t,13c) were predominantly composed of the stereoisomer of sn-1-C_18:2ω6, sn-2-C_18:3 9c,11t,13c, sn-3-C_18:3 9c,11t,13c, and sn-1-C_18:1ω9, sn-2-C_18:2ω6, sn-3-C_18:3 9c,11t,13c, respectively, and the minor TG species of (C_18:2ω6)_2(C_18:3 9c,11t,13c) and (C_16:0)(C_18:3 9c,11t,13c)_2 mainly comprised the stereoisomer of sn-1-C_18:2ω6, sn-2-C18:2ω6, sn-3-C18:3 9c,11t,13c and sn-1-C_16:0, sn-2-C_18:3 9c,11t,13c, sn-3-C_18:3 9c,11t,13c. The TG of the seed oils of Momordica charantia showed that most of CTA, C_18:3 9c,11t,13r, occurred at sn-3 position, and C_18:2ω6 was concentrated at sn-1 and sn-2 compared to sn-3. Main TG species of (C_18:1ω9)(C_18:3 9c,11t,13t)_2 and (C_18:0)(C_18:3 9c,11t,13t)_2 were consisted of the stereoisomer of sn-1-C18:1ω9, sn-2-C_18:3 9c,11t,13t, sn-3-C18:3 9c,11t,13t and sn-1-C_18:0, sn-2-C_18:3 9c,11t,13t,

녹차추출액과 유자액 혼합비율별 콤부차의 품질 특성

우효경(Hyo-Gyeong Woo),이채미(Chae-Mi Lee),정재희(Jae-Hee Jeong),최병국(Byung-Kuk Choi),허창기(Chang-Ki Huh) 한국식품저장유통학회 2021 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.28 No.5

입본특이적(立本特異的) 방법(方法)과 $^{13}C-NMR$ 수식 이미지 기법(技法)에 의한 잣기름의 트리아실 글리세롤의 구성지방산(構成脂肪酸)의 분포(分布)에 관한 연구(硏究)

우효경(Woo, Hyo-Kyeng),김성진(Kim, Seung-Jin),조용계(Joh, Yong-Goe) 한국유화학회 1998 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.4

All the triacylglycerols including the molecular species having ${\Delta}^5$ 수식 이미지-unsaturated fatty acids from the seeds of Pinus Koraiensis, were split into a mixture of diacylglycerols by a Grignard reagent prepared with allyl bromide without arousing acyl chains of a glycerol moiety to migration, and were also easily partially hydrolyzed to diacylglycerols by pancreatic lipase. (S)-(+)-(1-naphthyl)ethyl urethane(NEU) derivatives of the diacylglycerol mixture derived from the triacylglycerols were fractionated into sn-1, 3-, sn-1, 2- and sn-2, 3-DG-NEU by silica-HPLC and the fatty acid composition of these fractions was analysed. $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ 수식 이미지 is distributed evenly in the three positions of TG with $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ 수식 이미지 mainly located in sn-2 position, while ${\Delta}^5$ 수식 이미지-unsaturated fatty acids such as ${\Delta}^{5.9}-C_{18:2}$ 수식 이미지, ${\Delta}^{5.9.12}-C_{18:3}$ 수식 이미지 and ${\Delta}^{5.11.14}-C_{20:3}$ 수식 이미지 are exclusively present in the sn-3 position. These results could be confirmed by $^{13}C$ 수식 이미지-NMR spectroscopy : the signals at $^{\delta}$ 수식 이미지173.231 ppm and $^{\delta}$ 수식 이미지172.811 ppm of the carbonyl carbon of acyl moieties indicate the presence of saturated acids and/or $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ 수식 이미지 (oleic acid) in the ${\alpha}({\alpha}- or ${\beta}$ 수식 이미지- positions, and $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ 수식 이미지 including $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ 수식 이미지 in the ${\beta}$ 수식 이미지-position, respectively. In addition, the resonance at $^{\delta}$ 수식 이미지173.044 ppm suggested a location of ${\Delta}^5$ 수식 이미지-unsaturated fatty acid moiety in the ${\alpha}({\alpha}-position.