당근 EST 염기서열을 이용한 종자모 형질 관련 SNP 분자표지 개발

오규동(Gyu-Dong Oh),심은조(Eun-Jo Shim),전상진(Sang-Jin Jun),박영두(Young-Doo Park) 한국원예학회 2013 원예과학기술지 Vol.31 No.1

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most extensively used vegetable crops in the world and a significant source of nutrient because of its high content of β-carotene, well known as the precursor of vitamin A carotenoid. However, seed-hairs generated and elongated from the epidermal cell of seeds inhibit absorption and germination by various factors such as carotol and so on. Accordingly, mechanical hair removal process is essential before commercialization of carrot seeds. Because of this process, producers will have additional losses such as time consuming, manpower, capital and so on. Furthermore, physical damage of seeds causes irregular germination rate. To overcome such cumbersome weaknesses, new breeding program for developing hairless-seed carrot cultivar has been needed and studies for molecular markers related to seed-hair characteristic is needed for a new breeding program. Therefore, in this study, cDNA libraries from seeds of short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 659-1 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 677-14 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 666-13 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 671-9 were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, 1,248 ESTs in each line, total 4,992 ESTs were sequenced. As a result, 19 SNP sites and 14 SNP sites in each of 2 combinations were confirmed by analyzing these EST sequences from short-hair and hairy-seed lines. Then we designed SNP primer sets from EST sequences of SNP sites for high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Designed HRM primers were analyzed using hairy seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1040 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1024, 1025, 1026 lines. One set of HRM primers showed specific difference between the melting curves of hairy and short-hair seed phenotype lines. Based on this result, allele-specific (AS) PCR primers were designed for easier selection between hairy-seed carrot and hairless seed carrot. These results of HRM and AS-PCR are expected to be useful in breeding of hairless seed carrot cultivar as a molecular marker.

당근 종모 형질 관련 cDNA Library 작성 및 EST 분석

오규동(Gyu-Dong Oh),심은조(Eun-Jo Shim),전상진(Sang-Jin Jun),박영두(Young-Doo Park) 한국원예학회 2013 원예과학기술지 Vol.31 No.6

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most widely used crops in the world and is nutritionally important crop. However, seed-hair which is generated in epidermal cell of seeds causes the difficulty of the seedling process, because of the seed germination and absorption inhibitions. For these reasons, carrot seeds are commercialized after mechanical hair removal process. However, in this process, various damage and seed loss occur and breeding of hairless-seed carrot cultivar is needed to overcome these various weaknesses and additional seed production costs. In this study, cDNA libraries using 2 combinations, which were composed of short-hair seed CT-ATR 615 OP 666-13 & long-hair seed CT-ATR 615 OP 671-9, and short-hair seed CT-SMR 616 OP 659-1 & long-hair seed CT-SMR 616 OP 677-14, were constructed and EST sequences of each individuals were analyzed to reveal carrot seed-hair characteristics. Firstly, analyzed EST sequences were classified into FunCat functional categories. As a result, significant differences have been identified in metabolism category, protein folding and stabilization, protein binding, C-compound binding category from both of two combinations. Secondly, several candidate EST sequences related to seed trichome differentiation and cellulose biosynthetic process were selected based on GO data of EST sequences. These differences based on FunCat categories and candidate EST obtained by GO data analysis are thought to be involved in the formation of carrot seed hair. Finally, 741 SSR sites and 33 SNP sites were identified from analyzed EST sequences of two combinations. Then we designed SNP and SSR primer sets to develop molecular markers. These molecular markers will be used for classification of carrot cultivars and study seed-hair characteristic.

당근 종모 형질 관련 EST profiling과 이를 이용한 EST-SSR 및 SNP 마커 개발

오규동(Gyu-Dong Oh),황은미(Eun-Mi Hwang),심은조(Eun-Jo Shim),전상진(Sang-Jin Jeon),박영두(Young-Doo Park) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.6

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most widely used crops in the world. Moreover it is an important crop because of its high content of β-carotene, well-known as the precursor of vitamin A carotenoid. However, seed-hair which is generated in epidermal cell of seeds inhibits absorption and germination. For that reason, carrot seeds are commercialized after mechanical hair removal process. To overcome such cumbersome weaknesses, new breeding program for developing hairless-seed carrot cultivar has been needed. Therefore, in this study, cDNA libraries from seeds of short-hair seed phenotype CT-ATR615 OP 666-13line and hairy seed CT-ATR615 OP-CK1-9 line were constructed and expression patterns related to generation of seed-hair were analyzed by comparison of EST sequences. Differential EST sequence results between two lines were classified into FunCat functional categories based on the results of BlastX search. Higher expression quantities belonging to metabolic category were shown on short-hair seed line than hairy-seed one. Differential expression quantities between those two lines in the protein folding and stabilization, subcellular localization categories were supposed to contribute variously on the generation of seed-hair. We confirmed 50 and 59 SSR sites, and 2 SNP sites by analyzing EST sequences in two lines; thereafter, we designed SNP and SSR primer sets from these EST sequence information as a molecular marker. These markers are thought to be used in research of molecular markers for classification of carrot family and related to various traits, as well as seed-hair characteristic.

차음성능을 고려한 친환경 건식벽체 시스템의 다양화 모색

오양기(Oh Yang-Ki),한명호(Han Myung-Ho),이근우(Lee Keun-Woo),이규동(Lee Gyu-Dong),박영석(Park Young-sok) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2007 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.1 No.3

The aim of this study is to search for a diversity of environmentally sustainable dry wall systems which might be usable to the walls of non load bearing wall structural system apartments. Four different dry wall systems using three different cement panels were composed and tested to apply for unit to unit walls, having a strict sound insulation performance guideline by Korean Law. A series of tests show that they have Rw+C values from 49 to 54. They are grade 2 and grade 3 in the aprartment housing performance frade indication scheme of Korea, Three of them are having adequate performance enforced by Korean Law. They have quite different insulation characteristics especially in the mid frequency range, from 500hz to 2,000㎐, according to the sectional shape of the panels and the composition of the systems. As for the sound insulaion characteristics of gypsum board system and composite panel system, they have quite distinguishable features. Though they are all usable to in-unit room to room walls, gypsum board system has a good insulation performance while composite panel system is goon in mid and high frequency bands.

EST profiling을 통한 당근(Daucus carota var. sativa)의 종모 형성에 관련된 유전자 분석

황은미(Eun-Mi Hwang),오규동(Gyu-Dong Oh),심은조(Eun-Jo Shim),전상진(Sang-Jin Jeon),박영두(Young-Doo Park) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.6

Carrot is one of the useful crops used abundantly in cooking in Western as well as Asia regions such as China and Korea. However, seed coats have hairs which should be removed to increase germination rate. Furthermore, because of seed hairs, farmers face several additional losses, such as time consumption, manpower, capital and so on, for seed handling. To prevent these problems, study of gene related hair formation using short-hair seed lines is required. We analyzed genes related to hair formation from seed through expressed sequenced tag (EST) profiling, based on the fact that the development of carrot seed hair is related to cellulose synthesis pathway in secondary cell wall synthesis stage. To study the gene expression related to hair formation of the carrot seed, a cDNA library was constructed by using the early maturation stage of the short-hair line (659-1) and hairy seed line (677-14). In short-hair (659-1) and hairy seed (677-14) lines, results from of EST profiling through BLASTX search analysis using the NCBI database showed that 172 and 224 unigenes had significant homology with known protein sequences, whereas 233 and 192 unigenes were not, respectively. All ESTs were grouped into 16 categories according to their putative functions. Twenty nine unigenes among all ESTs were considered to be genes regulating seed hair development from cellulose synthesis pathway during secondary cell wall synthesis stage; in results, 14 unigenes related to seed hair development were found only in hairy seed line.

당근(Daucus carota var. sativa) 종자모 형질 관련 RAPD-SCAR 분자표지 개발

심은조(Eun-Jo Shim),박성관(Sung-Kwan Park),오규동(Gyu-Dong Oh),전상진(Sang-Jin Jun),박영두(Young-Doo Park) 한국원예학회 2013 원예과학기술지 Vol.31 No.6

Mechanical hair removal of carrot seed causes seed injuries and suppresses the germination in carrot cultivation. This study was performed to develop molecular markers for breeding high quality cultivars with short-hair seed. To meet this objective, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers specifically linked to seed-hair characteristic were identified using CT-SMR 616 OP 389-1 line with short-haired seed and CT-SMR 616 OP 616-33 line with long-haired seed, bred by self-pollination for 6 years from 2008 to 2013, as parents. After seed hair lengths of these lines were analyzed using microscope, next generations were advanced and compared with the molecular markers polymorphism. From RAPD analysis using fixed lines in 2011, twelve RAPD primers showing polymorphic bands specific between the two lines were identified from 80 random primers. To develop RAPD-SACR marker, SCAR primers were designed based on sequence analysis of these specific RAPD bands and more than three combinations of primers were tested. As a result, it was found that the SCA21.2 amplified single polymorphic band from short-haired seed line. To confirm this result, SCA21.2 marker was retested by applying to the 2012 and 2013 progenies. Finally, it was concluded that the developed SCA21.2 marker distinguished short-haired line from long-haired seed line. Therefore, SCAR marker, SCA21.2 is expected to be utilized for breeding of the short-haired seed cultivars.

혼합형 출판-구독 메시징 시스템 구조 제안 및 연동 기법

민경준(Kyoung-jun Min),배민호(Min-ho Bae),박규동(Gyu-dong Park),오상윤(Sang-yoon Oh) 한국통신학회 2020 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.45 No.4

노인에서 기립성 저혈압에 대한 amezinium methylsulfate의 효과 및 안정성

이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),배철영(Chul-Young Bae),조주연(Choo-Yon Cho),최규동(Gyu-Dong Choi),김자영(Ja-Yung Kim),오한진(Han-Jin Oh),이상엽(Sang-Yup Lee),박주성(Ju-Sung Park),유희탁(Hee-Tak Yoo),원장원(Jang-Won Won),조경희(Kyung-Hee Cho),김 대한임상노인의학회 2000 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경 : 노인에게 흔하게 발생하는 기립성 저혈압은 어지럼증, 낙상을 유발시키는 중요한 원인이지만, 효과적이고 안전한 치료 약물사용이 제한적이어서 치료에 어려움을 겪는 질환이다. Amezinium metilsulfate는 교감신경내로부터 방출된 노르아드레날린의 재흡수를 억제하는 간접형 교감신경자극제로서, 본 연구에서는 기립성 저혈압 노인환자에서 amezinium 투여 후 혈압변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1999년 2월 1일부터 8월 31까지 13개 병원 가정의학과 및 노인의학 센터에 내원한 60세 이상 기립성 저혈압 노인환자 100명을 대상으로 치료군 41명은 amezinium 10mg을 하루 2회 2주간 투여하고, 대조군 59명은 기립성 저혈압 환자교육자료만 제공한 후 2주후 평가 비교하였다. 평가항목은 혈압, 맥박, 기립후 환자의 자각증상, 의사의 개선도 평가, 혈액 및 소변검사와 심전도로서 처치 전후에 시행하여 비교하였다. 결과 : 어지럼증의 호전은 치료군에서 60.0%, 대조군에서 42.9%, 심계항진은 치료군에서 47.1%, 대조군에서 25.0%, 오심은 치료군에서 56.3%, 대조군에서 30.0% 발한은 치료군에서 45.5%, 대조군에서 28.6%, 호흡곤란은 치료군에서 41.7%, 대조군에서 20.0%의 호전을 보였으나 두 군간에 통계학적 유의한 차이는 없었다. 의사가 시행한 총체적 개선도 평가에서 치료군은 61.0%, 대조군은 18.6%의 호전을 보여 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.001). 처치전과 처치후의 혈압 및 맥박변화는 치료군에서 수축기와 이완기 혈압이 모두 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<0.001), 대조군에서 이완기혈압에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 맥박변화는 치료군과 대조군 모두 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 앙와위 상태를 기준으로 기립 후 혈압차이를 산출하고, 처치 전후 혈압차이 변화량을 계산하였다. 치료군에서 대조군보다 기립 후 수축기와 이완기 혈압차이 변화량이 더 많았으나, 기립 3분 후 이완기혈압차이 변화량만이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). Amezinium 투여후 환자가 호소한 증세는 졸리움, 불안증, 변비, 상복부 불쾌감, 홍조 각 1예였으나 치료를 중단할 정도로 심한 증세는 없었고, 투약 중단 후 소실되었다. 혈액 및 소변검사와 심전도검사에서 투약 후 약물과 관련되어 이상소견을 보인 경우는 없었다. 결론 : 기립성 저혈압을 가진 노인에서 amezinium metilsulfate의 투여 후 맥박의 유의한 변화나 안정시 혈압 변화가 없는 상태에서 심한 부작용 없이 기립 후 혈압저하를 억제하는 효과가 있었다. Background : Orthostatic hypotension is common condition in the elderly, but choice to treat it pharmacologically is limited because of expected side effects. Amezinium metilsulfate is an indirectly acting symathomimetic drug, which affects postganglionic sympathetic neurons, selectively inhibiting both intraneural monoamine oxidase and reuptake of norepinephrine. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of amezinium for orthostatic hypotension in the elderly. Methods : A total of 100 patients aged 60 years or older with orthostatic hypotension participated in this multicenter study. The treatment group (n=41) received amezinium 10mg bid for two weeks and was given a patient education brochure about orthostatic hypotension. The control group received only the patient education brochure. We evaluated the patients blood pressure, pulse rate at supine, one and three minutes after standing. Assessments of orthostatic symptoms and laboratory examination were done before and after intervention. Results : In patients with orthostatic symptoms, amezinium treated patients showed improvements in dizziness (60.0%), palpitation (47.1%), nausea (56.3%) whereas the control group reported improvements in dizziness (42.9%), palpitation (25.0%), nausea (30.0%), without statistical significance. In the global symptom evaluation by the investigator, the amezinium group had more improvements compared to the control group (p<0.001). Standing systolic and diastolic blood pressure after treatment with amezinium was significantly increased without changes in supine blood pressure and pulse rate. Only standing diastolic blood pressure in the patient educated control group was increased. We calculated net differences of orthostatic changes of blood pressure and pulse rate after intervention. The differences of standing change of blood pressure in the amezinium group were greater than those in the control group. Especially the difference in diastolic blood pressure at 3 minutes after standing was significant. Conclusion : This study indicates that amezinium is efficacious and safe in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension in the elderly, without change of resting blood pressure and pulse rate.

Factors Associated with Functional Dependence in Alzheimer's Disease

조주연(Choo-Yon Cho),조항석(Hang-Suk Cho),조경희(Kyung-Hee Cho),최경규(Kyoung-Gyu Choi),오희종(Hee-Jong Oh),김대현(Dae-Hyun Kim),정승필(Seung-Pil Jung),최규동(Kyu-Dong Choi),이홍수(Hong-Soo Lee),배철영(Chul-Young Bae) 대한임상노인의학회 2000 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경 : 노인의 인지장애는 노인성 치매로 잘 알려진 알쯔하이머병의 기능적 상태가 감소한 경우와 연관이 많다. 그러나 이러한 인지장애가 기타 신체적, 정신적, 사회적 및 가족적 문제와 어느 정도까지 병존하고 있는지는 아직도 많이 알려져 있지 않은 편이다. 이 연구의 목적은 흔한 노인성 조건들, 가족기능, 그리고 영양학적 문제들이 기능적 의존성과 독립적으로 연관되어 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 방법 : 1997년도 12월부터 1998년도 6월까지 우리나라의 9개 종합병원 및 대학병원 가정의학과, 신경과 및 노인병클리닉에 내원하거나 입원한 53명의 알쯔하이머병 환자들이 대상이 되었다. 모든 환자들은 치매에 관한 DSM-IV 진단기준 및 NINCDS-ADRDA 기준상 probable Alzheimer's disease에 부합하였으며, 모두 경도 내지 중등도의 인지장애를 보였고, 언어소통이 가능하였다. 종속변수는 기본적 일상생활활동 (Basic Activities of Daily Living, BADLs) 및 도구적 일상생활활동 (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, IADLs) 이었고, 주요 독립변수에는 정신상태, 우울, 흔한 노인성 조건들 19가지, 가족기능, 영양상태 등이 포함되었다. 기술통계학과 사회인구학적 및 건강변수들과 같은 혼란변수를 통제하기 위하여 다변량분석을 사용하였다. 결과 : 알쯔하이머병 환자들의 56%가 하나 이상의 ADLs 의존성을 보였으며, 그중 목욕하기 (55%), 옷입기 (47%) 등에서 어려움을 보였으며, IADLs 의존성중에서는 여행 (79%), 집안일 (79%), 재정관리 (79%) 등에서 의존성이 높았다. 알쯔하이머병 환자들에 영향을 미치는 일부노인성 조건들, 그중 특히 피로, 요실금, 구갈, 수면장애, 낙상력, 눈의 통증, 어지러움, 슬관절통, 체중감소, 요통 등의 경우 IADLs 의존성과 다발성 연관관계를 보였고, 낮은 교육수준, 요실금 등은 ADLs 의존성과 관련이 깊은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 ADLs, IADLs 개개항의 의존성, 조건들이 독립적인 예측인자가 될 수 있으므로 그에 대한 의학적 가료를 요할 것을 의미하며, 하나의 조건을 예방하는 것으로는 그 이상의 IADLs 의존성을 방지하는데 충분하지 못하다는 것이다. 즉, 여러 가지 활동의 의존성 및 조건들이 개개인의 결과변수에 독립적으로 관련하기 때문에 그들의 기능적 의존성 이 예견된다면 이러한 다발성 조건들은 동시에 치료하여야 할 필요가 있다고 할 수 있겠다. 결론 : 알쯔하이머병의 기능적 의존성과 흔한 노인성 조건들에 대하여 조사한 결과, 일부 조건들이 알쯔하이머병의 기능적 상태에 미치는 효과를 최소화하기 위한 노력이 개개인에 맞게 이루어져야 하고, 다발성 질환들을 다스려야 할 필요가 있다는 것이다. 알쯔하이머병에 대한 성공적인 평가 및 치료는 환자의 개개 의학적 조건들의 기능적 상태에 독립적으로 기여하는가에 대해 사려깊게 짚어보아야 할 것이다. 그 개연성의 문제에 대하여서는 알쯔하이머병에 대한 종적 및 기타 실험적 자료들이 계속 나와야 할 것이다. Background : The purpose of this study was to determine whether common geriatric conditions, family function, and nutritional problems had an independent association with functional dependence beyond the effect of cognitive impairment in 53 patients with Alzheimer's diseases. Methods : The ample for this study consisted of 53 in-patients and out-patients of nine hospitals in Korea. All subjects met DSM-IV criteria for dementia and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable Alzheimer's disease. Among fifty-three patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, all were mildly to moderately impaired and communicable. Chi-square tests were performed to assess bivariate relationships between the selected social and demographic factors, common geriatric conditions, nutritional status, and functional status. Multivariate analyses were done using logistic regression models to adjust for the potentially co nfounding effects of sociodemographic and health variables. Results : 56.6% of the study population was dependent on one or more items in ADLs. The most prevalent items of ADL dependence were bathing (54.7%) and dressing (47.2%). Subjects with lower education level, poor cognition, and poor nutrition were more likely to be dependent. Low educational level, poor cognition, and urinary incontinence were associated with the increased risk of ADL dependence. Several conditions are independently associated with the specific items of IADLs. Each item of IADL dependence of the patient has its own set of independent predictors. Some conditions are more universal in independently predicting IADL dependence. Conclusion : It was found that some common geriatric conditions affecting patients with Alzheimer's diseases appear to have multiple and differential relationships with the specific instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) dependences. These results have implications for medical care. Preventing one condition may not be sufficient to prevent future IADL dependences since in most cases more than one condition is independently related to each outcome variable. Thus, multiple conditions may need to be managed concurrently if further functional dependence is to be expected.