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송유철,박지현 대외경제정책연구원 1999 East Asian Economic Review Vol.3 No.4
The agricultural sector, which is Korea’s most sensitive sector, is supposed to resume its negotiation by the end of 1999 according to WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture. As Korea needs to propose in the negotiation of tariff reduction a device by which exceptional measures on sensitive sectors can be allowed, it is important to establish some application method of tariff cut in advance. As no specific form of tariff reduction has yet been established, this study tries to apply to agriculture different tariff cut methods proposed in the course of GATT/WTO negotiation and to analyze the merits and shortcomings of each form of tariff reduction. In this way, it will lay a strong foundation for designing a negotiation scheme that will give Korea a favorable position in future tariff negotiation. The results of study show that UR method is considered as the most favorable method for Korea. It is desirable for Korea to actively take initiatives in next negotiation by developing and proposing its own tariff reduction scheme that would probably result in the adoption of a form of tariff cut favorable to Korea.
地域貿易協定 關聯 WTO 規範의 改正論議 現況과 對應課題
宋有哲 법무부 2001 통상법률 Vol.- No.42
The present article discusses the status and effect of regional trade agreements; analyses the WTO rules on regional trade agreements, which are the Article XXIV of GATT, the Article V of GATS, and Enabling Clause; reviews main work and arguments made in the Committee on Regional Trade Agreements (CRTA); and finally summarizes the stance of Korea regarding this issue Based on the notifications to the GATT and WTO Secretariat, the number of regional trade agreements has reached 150, with 130 of them still in force. There are two conflicting views on regional trade agreement in relation to multilateral trading system. Some argue that the trade creation effect outweighs the trade diversion effect, but others argue that increased tariffs against non-member countries distort the free flow of trade and undermine the multilateral trading system. When a WTO member enters into a regional integration arrangement through which it grants more favorable conditions to its trade with other parties to that arrangement than to other WTO member's trade, it departs from the guiding principle of non-discrimination defined in Article I of GATT, Article II of GATS, and elsewhere. WTO Members are however permitted to enter into such arrangements (regional trade agreements, or RTAs) under certain conditions as provided for in the provisions of the Article XXIV of GATT, Article V of GATS and Enabling Clause. In 1996, the General Council established the Committee on Regional trade Agreement to examine individual regional trade agreements; to consider the systemic implications of these agreements for the multilateral trading system, and the relationship between them. The current article goes on to introduce the issues that have been discussed at the Committee and offers some views expressed by member countries. Korea has been an active participant to the discussions, and its stance on each issue is summarized in the conclusion of the article.