http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
성춘택 한국신석기학회 2023 한국신석기연구 Vol.- No.46
The present essay critically reviews the recent attempt to conceptualize the Neolithic society in Korea as complex hunter-gatherers. While large scale settlements with 20 to 30, and even 60 subterranean houses are well recognized in the Neolithic Korea, many archaeologists still consider that the occupants were mainly hunters and gatherers. The concept of complex hunter-gatherers were originally proposed to denote large village societies with prominent social hierarchies relying on abundant marine resources, and some archaeologists extended its use to prehistory. Aside from the archaeological applicability of the concept itself, the Korean Neolithic archaeological record lacks critical elements of the complex hunter-gatherers. While the discussion and application of the concept in the context of Korean Neolithic have opened the new theoretical landscape, it is true that many burials and associated goods, let alone habitations sites, do not suggest the development of social hierarchies. The characteristics of burial goods are consistent with sexual differences which is widely observable with most hunter-gatherers societies. Furthermore, many Korean Neolithic sites yielded evidence of broomcorn and foxtail millet domestication, which most archaeologists try to explain in the context of complementary subsistence activities still dominated by hunting and gathering. The existence of material evidence of plant domestication strongly suggests that the Neolithic people were not ‘typical’ hunter-gatherers, which begs further discussions of the role of domestication in the Neolithic and its implications to the development of settled village lives. While the concept of the complex hunter-gatherers was coined to embrace cases that do not fit into the traditional hunter-gatherer society, it has become another stereotype that does not allow wide range of variability in prehistoric societies. Rather, we need to pay more attention to the role of mixed economy or horticulture and dynamics of orderly egalitarian societies in the Neolithic Korea.
성춘택,성연빈,정동희 한국상고사학회 2022 한국상고사학보 Vol.116 No.116
Phylogenetic analyses have been successfully applied to establishing lineages and trajectories of changes of archaeological materials. The present study attempts to apply principles and techniques of phylogenetics to archaeology and produce phylogenetic trees of a large collection of chipped stone arrowheads from Gosan-ri, Jeju. Recent excavations provided new lights on human occupations at Gosan-ri: radiocarbon dates and artifacts suggest that the site was formed by repeated visits of hunter-gatherers spanning almost 5000 years of the Neolithic. More than 1300 arrowheads, or points, were collected and they were made by the same chipped stone technology based on essentially same hunting and gathering way of subsistence economy with no evidence of external migration or notable diffusion. This is why we believe that a phylogenetic tree can adequately depict the persistence and change of artifact lineages. Based on paradigmatic classification using attributes and attribute states such as maximum length, morphology of haft elements, and angle of base and stem, we use PAUP* to produce workable phylogenetic trees of stone arrowhead classes. The result shows that stemmed arrowheads and those with no stem are the two most prominent classes that were likely diverged early and many varieties evolved subsequently in the branches. We also discuss the issue of homology and analogy (homoplasy) and how to distinguish the two from archaeological situations. We expect that the present endeavor will encourage future studies of reconstructing and discussing lineages based on archaeological cases by applying phylogenetic analysis.
성춘택 한국고고학회 2002 한국고고학보 Vol.46 No.-
Although the last two decades witnessed a rapid increase in quantity of archaeological sites and artifacts, one could not say that our knowledge of the Paleolithic in Korea has been enhanced as much. Paleolithic studies in Korea face significant challenges in various areas. Many concepts, mostly originated from European Paleolithic studies, are used without suitable discussion of applicability. While being widely used among Paleolithic archaeologists, the relevance of the Middle Paleolithic in Korea has not been seriously discussed. For many Korean archaeologists, the Middle Paleolithic is taken just for a chronological scale, largely parallel to that of European Middle Paleolithic, without cultural connotations. The 'Korean Middle Paleolithic' is still need to be defined, because dates of many important sites are yet to be dated securely and there is few, if any, technological and cultural features proper to the period.
성춘택 한국고고학회 2006 한국고고학보 Vol.59 No.-
This paper discusses lithic assemblage composition and change for the Korean Late Paleolithic. The persistence of small quartzite and vein quartz assemblages until OIS (Oxygen Isotope Stage) 2 is first noted, after which, the blade and microblade assemblages of the Late Paleolithic is divided into three types. The Goryeri assemblage type, represented by the lithic assemblages from Hwadae-ri, the lower horizon at Hopyeong-dong, Yongsan-dong, Yongho-dong and Gorye-ri, is characterized by large/normal sized blades and, in particular, tanged points. The Suyanggae type, which contains both tanged points and microblades, hasbeen identified at the sites of Jangheung-ri, Suyanggae, Jingeuneul, Wolpyeong and Sinbuk. Finally, lithic assemblages characterized by microblades, microcores and associated ends crapers and burins are grouped into the Hahwagye-ri type. The duration of each assemblage type is considered using absolute dates and recent work done on the chronostratigraphy of Paleolithic deposits. It is thus suggested that the Late Paleolithic tradition of blade and tanged point assemblages was established at around 40,000-30,000 B.P. The possibility that tanged blades may have co-existed with microblades during OIS 2 is also presented, both of which are considered to have been mounted to the tip of hunting weapons.