빠구닌과 無政府主義

徐兌源 성균관대학교 정치학회 1961 정치학보 Vol.5 No.-

정부의 존재를 전적으로 부인하고 어떠한 형식의 정치권위도 원하지 않으며 필요치 않다는 교의가 무정부주의(Anarchism)인 것이다. 다시 말하면 무정부주의의 근본적 사상은 인간이 자기의 생을 영위하는데 있어서 자기를 억압하는 것 또는 자기의 자유를 제한하는 것은 어떠한 것이든 부인하고 일체의 행동의 자유를 주장하는 사상이다. 근대 무정부주의의 국가에 대한 이론적 반항은 종교적 권위에 대한 적개심과 사유재산제도에 대한 반감이 결합된 결과인 것이다.

조선후기 三陟營將 연구

서태원 한국이사부학회 2017 이사부와 동해 Vol.13 No.-

조선후기 강원도 삼척영장(三陟營將)은 1672년(현종 13) 신설되어 1895년까지 (고종 32) 존속하였다. 삼척영장은 강원도에서 유일하게 파견된 영장으로, 토포사 (討捕使)와 수군첨절제사(水軍僉節制使)를 겸임하였다. 삼척영장 약 221인의 왕대 별 수는 재위기간이 가장 길었던 영조대가 60인으로 가장 많았고, 고종대가 42인으로 두 번째였다. 삼척영장의 재임기간은 15개월 이상 및 10개월 이상 15개월 미만이 각각 65인이었고, 10개월 미만이 56인이었다. 아울러 8명은 재임 기간을 알 수 없었고, 삼척영장에 임명된 후 부임하지 않은 경우도 27인이나 되었다. 영장은 정조 대 『대전통편』에 의하면 정3품 절충(折衝) 이상의 자급을 이미 받은 상태에서 영장이 된 경우는 10삭 후에, 영장이 되면서 새로 절충을 받은 경우에는 15삭 후에 직책을 옮길 수 있었다. 삼척영장 221인 중 160인은 교체사유를 알 수 있었는데, 부임하지 않고 교체된 27인의 사유는 ‘11인은 부모가 75세 이상, 9인은 부모나 본인의 병이 중함, 7인은 상환(相換)·내천(內遷)·유임 등’이었다. 부임한 삼척영장 133인의 교체사유는 ‘94인(내천 86인, 외천 8인)은 벼슬자리 옮김, 38인은 직무수행 잘못, 1인은 본인의 병’ 등이었다. 삼척영장은 영동 9개 읍의 군병 조련과 점검 등을 전담하였다. 아울러 강원도 영동에 도적이 매우 많으나 토포사인 춘천부사가 너무 멀리 떨어져 있는 문제점을 시정하기 위해 삼척영장은 1673년 토포사를 겸임했었는데, 치도(治盜)와 관련하여 영장의 상벌(賞罰)이 결정되었으므로 양민(良民)을 도적으로 몰아버리는 폐단 등이 발생하였다. 삼척영장은 수군첨절제사도 겸임하면서 바다 방어도 담당하였는데, 이러한 삼척영장의 해방(海防) 기능은 다른 영장과 구별되는 특징이었다. 특히 삼척영장은 1694년(숙종 20)부터 월송만 호와 교대로 울릉도 수토관(搜討官)이 되어, 울릉도가 조선의 영토임을 일본인에게 확실히 알리면서 그들의 불법적인 어로행위나 벌목 등을 차단한 점이 주목된다. The Samcheok-youngjang(삼척영장) of Kangwon-do(강원도), in the late Joseon period was newly established at 1672(Hyeonjong 현종 13) and existed until 1895(Gojong 32). The Samcheokyoungjang was the only dispatched commander in Kangwon-do and held two positions of Topo-sa(토포사) and SuguncheomJeoljesa( 수군첨절제사). For the number of 221 of Samcheok-youngjang, the period of King Yeongjo(영조), who had longest ruling years, had 60 which marked highest number and the period of Gojong(고종) has 42 which marked second highest. For the terms of holding their office, more than 15 months were 65 Samcheok-youngjang, and more than 10 months and less than 15 months were 65 also, and less than 10 months were 56. And for 8 Samcheokyoungjang, the terms of holding their office were not known, and the persons being appointed to the Samcheok-youngjang but not taking the office were 27. According to the 『Daejeontongpyeon (대전통편)』 in Jeongjo(정조) period, in case that a person who was already in a position higher than Jeong-sampum(정삼품) Jeolchung (절충) and received a appointment for Young-jang, the person could move his office after 10 months, and in case that the person became a Jeolchung newly, then he could 15 months later. Among 221 Samcheok-youngjang, the reasons of the office replacement were known for 160 persons, and the reasons of 27 cases of replacement before taking the office were, '11 cases due to the age of their parents' old age over than 75, 9 cases due to the serious illness of their parents or themselves, and 7 cases due to the office exchange, by taking the office in central region, and staying at the existing office etc.' The reasons of replacement of 133 Samcheok-youngjang who took the office are '94 persons due to taking other office(86 were appointed to the offices in central region, 8 were appointed to local area offices), 38 due to misbehavior in performing duty, and 1 due to illness' etc. The Samcheok-youngjang exclusively charged the military training and inspection etc. of 9 towns in Yeongdong(영동) area. Along with these, the Samcheok-youngjang had another position of Topo-sa at 1673 to correct the problem that there were a lot of thieves in Yeong-dong, Kangwon-do area, though the Chuncheon-busa(춘천부사), who was Topo-sa at that time, was in long distance, but because the reward and punishment was decided according to how he could handle thieve matter, the negative effect that Young-jang falsely charged good citizens as thieves occurred. The Samcheok-youngjang held the position of Sugun-cheomJeoljesa, this function of the naval defence of the Samcheok-youngjang was different characteristic from that of other Young-jang. Particularly it is noticeable that the Samcheok-youngjang became a Uleung-do(울릉도) Sutogoan(수토 관) by turn with Wolsong-manho(월송만호) from 1694(Sukjong 숙 종 20) and blocked Japanese's illegal fishing and logging while clearly letting them know that Uleung-do was Joseon's territory.

1880년 『善騎隊軍案』의 기재 양식과 내용 분석

서태원 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2015 한국문화 Vol.72 No.-

『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was created in 1880(17th year of King Gojong’s reign) as a list of soldiers put in Central army service. It is essentially an official material that lets us know the inner structure of the Seon’gi-dae unit. But a comparison made with local army soldier lists, created between the 16th and 19th centuries, also reveals similarities and differences that existed between ‘Central capital soldier lists’ and ‘local region soldier lists’. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』, and local regions’ soldier lists, share some similarities in terms of the documented information. Just like local soldier lists(including lists for the Sog’o-gun: 束伍軍) made in the 16·17·18·19th centuries, and navy lists created in the late 19th century. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 also documented soldier’s official duties, social status, name, age, county he was associated with, living address, height, and even whether or not he had a mustache and a scar. But it also had additional information, like the Ganji(干支) designation of the year he was born, name of his relatives, Ganji designation of the year and date he was transferred if he was, and the title of his former unit. Also, in 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 statistical information concerning selection/recruitment, age, number of soldiers/function/social status were classified by soldier’s official duties, and current addresses were all inserted as well. From 1874 till 1880, total of 402 soldiers were either selected or recruited. 220 souls were transferred in, while 177 of them were recruited, and 5 others were summoned through various occasions(bokib<卜入>1, gyeomyek<兼役>3, hyansok<還屬>1). The average enlistment age in the Seon’gi-dae unit was 17.4. Among them, 15 year-olds were 111, and formed the largest group in the unit. Major recruiting was implemented when additional units were newly organized, or a large number of soldiers were killed by contagious diseases. In 1880, when this 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was first created, various ages of individual soldiers ranged between 15 and 59, and with the exception of one individual whose age was never reported, the average age of the whole group was 26.6. Average age of the Commoners were around 23, while ‘Gyeomsabok(兼司僕)’ figures showed 35 and ‘Chulshin(出身)’ figures showed 48. Number of soldiers were classified by soldier’s official duties as followis. 48 of them served as ‘Pyoha-gun(標下軍) soldiers(not counting headquarters’ Seojaji(書字的), Paedu(牌頭) and Bokma-gun(卜馬軍) figures),’ 7 Seojaji figures, 4 Paedu figures, 4 Bogma-gun figures, 3 In’gi-su(認旗手) figures, 3 Gosu(鼓手) figures, 9 Gichong(旗摠) figures, 27 Daechong(隊摠) figures, and 297 Daewon(隊員) figures. Seon’gi-dae(善騎隊) unit was in charge of guarding the king and protecting the palace. The Pyoha-gun soldiers served as assistants to the Byeol-jang(別將) and Seon’gi-jang(善騎將) officers. Seojaji figures were in charge of drafting documents while Bogma-gun soldiers were used in carrying freights. In’gi-su and Gosu figures were in charge of sending signals with flags and drums. Gichong, Paedu and Daechong figures also served as field commanders. The average age of the Bokma-gun soldiers was the lowest(23.3), and that of the Gichong figures were the highest(44). The former’s duties often involved employment of physical strength, so younger soldiers must have been used, while for the latter, which usually served in command, old and experienced personnel would have been undoubtedly favored. Among soldiers, there were 284 commoners, constituting the largest group inside, while 114 soldiers were from the Gyeomsabok category, and 4 from the Chulshin category. According to 『Chong’wiyeong-Sa’rye(總衛營事例)』 and the Hun’ryeon-Dogam(訓鍊都監) regulations, soldiers of Seon’gi-dae received every month “13 Du(斗) of rice and 9 Du of beans” ...

InterplanarA: A Computer Program for the Calculation of the Crystallographic Interplanar Angles

서태원,강상욱,서일환,Suh, Tae-Weon,Kang, Sang-Ook,Suh, Il-Hwan Korea Crystallographic Association 2009 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

실격자(real lattice)에서 이차원적인 (hkl)면의 총 집합이 역격자(reciprocal lattice)에서 한 개의점(點)으로 나타내어지며 원점에서 이 역격자점을 이은 vector의 방향은 (hkl)면의 방향이다. 따라서 두 역격자 vectors간의 각도가 결정학적 두 면간의 각도이므로 이들 각도들을 계산해보면 역격자의 개념을 이해하는데 도움이 된다. 이 논문에서는 6개의 실격자 상수 a, b, c, $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$를 사용하여 두 결정학적 면 ($h_1k_1l_1$)과 ($h_2k_2l_2$)간의 각도를 계산하는 한 computer program 'InterplanarA'를 소개하였다.

PC기반 데이터 수집 시스템 소개

서태원 한국소음진동공학회 2009 소음 진동 Vol.19 No.6

갑오개혁 이후 수원지방대·수원진위대 연구

서태원 역사실학회 2012 역사와실학 Vol.48 No.-

A new military structure featuring units such as Chinwidae(친위대) and Ginwidae(진위대) was established following the abolition of the existing military system in 1895. In 1897, a Jibangdae was consisting of 639 soldiers was established in Suwon. In 1899, the number of soldiers was decreased to 413. The name of SuwonJibangdae was changed into SuwonJinwidae in 1900 was companied by a significant increase in the number of solders in the number of soldiers attached to the unit, which ballooned to 1,029. Such a strengthening of millitary power clearly demonstrates the will of the Daehan Empire to achieve independent modernization. Having emerged as the winner of Russo Japanese War, Japan sought as part of its efforts to colonize Joseon, to decrease the power of the Daehan Empire’s millitary; as a result of which the SuwonJinwidae’s numbers were also decreased. The SuwonJinwidae was formally disbanded following the official dispersing of the millirary in 1907. The number of soldiers in SuwonJinwidae was peak in 1900, which was 1,029. Although it had a fewer number of soldiers than the past troops in Chongriyeong(총리영) in the 19th century, the quality of soldiers was much higher. When looking into their expenditures, salary, clothing and food expenses occupied the largest share and drill fees was very low when compared to them. It implied the difficulties in enforcement of the fighting power. In case of officers, they had better treatment than staff sergeants and general soldiers received a salary of three won, which was the same as a postman. Major financial sources were Gongjeon(公錢) of Suwon-gun and the neighborhood district of SuwonJibangdae and SuwonJinwidae. The ibangdae and SuwonJinwidae were responsible for national defense and security. They were in particular responsible for the maintenance of public order through such means as the arrest of bandits and the suppression of a riot of the people. On the contrary to the maintenance of public order, Some soldiers pruned drinking accident.

고온가스 청정장치에서 3차원 유동 특성

서태원,금기현 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Numerical investigation of the effects of the face velocity on ceramic candle filter was executed in three-dimensional turbulent flow field. It was found that the pressure drop in the filter media depends linearly on the face velocity. It was also found that the radial momentum on the axial length of the filter(x/d≥20) changes with the second order polynomial function.

조선전기 유사시 지방군의 지휘체계

서태원 한국사학회 2001 史學硏究 Vol.- No.63

A new planar 3-DOF parallel mechanism with continuous 360-degree rotational capability

서태원,인우성,김종원 대한기계학회 2009 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.23 No.11

This paper presents a novel three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) planar parallel mechanism with a 360-degree rotational capability, which can be used as a positioning device. A high rotational capability is necessary to reduce process time and to apply the mechanism to various fields such as micro-machining and printed circuit board (PCB) depaneling. The proposed mechanism has the advantage of a continuous rotational capability over existing planar parallel mechanisms with limited rotation. The position and velocity kinematics are derived, and the singularities are analyzed based on the Jacobian matrices. The workspace can be determined not to have a singularity inside, and the kinematic variables for enlarging the singularity-free workspace are determined. The application example on the PCB depaneling process is proposed for future work.

고리형 약물분출 스텐트 주위 벽전단응력의 영향에 대한 수치해석

서태원,Abdul Barakat 대한기계학회 2007 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.31 No.1