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경막외강 확인법으로서 Drip infusion법의 유용성
옥시영 ( Si Young Ok ),유승화 ( Seung Hwa Ryoo ),백영희 ( Young Hee Baek ),김상호 ( Sang Ho Kim ),김순임 ( Soon Im Kim ),김선종 ( Sun Chong Kim ),박욱 ( Wook Park ),송단 ( Dan Song ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.2
Background: Cervical epidural anesthesia (CEA) is used for pain control and surgical procedures of the head and neck or upper arm areas. However, the failure rate of CEA is reported to be high, is the failure rate being quite higher than other sites, because of the anatomical differences of the cervical spine. We hypothesized that the loss of resistance (LOR) method combined with the drip infusion method for confirmation of the cervical epidural space can reduce the failure rate. This study investigated the usefulness of the drip infusion method. Methods: One hundred chronic renal failure patients undergoing arteriovenous bridge graft for hemodialysis at the upper arm under cervical epidural anesthesia were recruited for this study. In the cervical epidural puncture, we identified the cervical epidural space using a combination of the LOR method with the drip infusion method. After confirmation of the epidural space with LOR method, we decided it was the true epidural space when fluid dripping to the space was present. Otherwise, if fluid dripping was not present, we designated it was pseudo LOR, and we found the true epidural space using the drip infusion method only. Results: In all cases, the combined LOR with drip infusion method, identify the epidural space. Conclusions: Combined LOR with drip infusion method is an efficacious method for the confirmation of the cervical epidural space. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:181∼4)
초등 지리수업에서 그래픽 자료를 활용한 창의성 신장 방안
이경한(Yi Kyeong Han),백영희(Baek Young Hee) 교육종합연구원 2005 교육종합연구 Vol.3 No.2
본 연구는 지리교과에서 창의성을 신장시키기 위하여 지리적 사고 활동과 창의성 활동을 결합한 수업 모형을 설계하고 수업안을 개발하여 실제 수업에 적용하였다. 그리고 그 수업의 효과를 질적으로 비교 분석해 보았다. 그 결과, 본 연구는 학생들이 문제를 해결하는 데 필요한 정보를 수집하고, 다양한 관점에서 분석 및 해석하는 탐구 활동을 통해 지리적 사고력과 논리성을 신장시키는데 효과적이었다. 그리고 본 수업은 지리적 사고력 신장을 바탕으로 다양한 해결방법을 제시할 수 있는 유창성 신장에 긍정적인 효과를 미쳤고, 창의성 활동은 독특하고 기발한 아이디어를 산출할 수 있는 경험을 제공하여 독창성을 신장시키는데 효과적이었다. 따라서 본 수업은 지리수업에서 다양한 정보를 함축하고 있는 그래픽 자료를 활용하여 창의성을 신장시킬 수 있는 구체적인 수업 방안을 설계함으로써 사고력과 창의력을 결합할 수 있는 수업 모형을 개발하고, 실제 수업에서 그 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 지리교과에서의 창의성 교육은 사회 문제를 매개로 문제를 해결하는 과정에서 이루어진다. 따라서 학생들은 미래의 사회인으로서 사회 문제에 관심을 갖고 문제를 창의적으로 해결하려는 노력을 할 수 있도록 해야 한다. In this study, I developed the teaching model that combined geographic thinking and creative activities, and designed a concrete instruction plan, and applied to an actual class so that it is to expand a creativity in an elementary geography education. And I tried to compare and analyze an effect of the class. The results from this study were as follows : The first, an experiment class was positive effect on extending the social scientific thinking and the logical thinking of the students. The second, an experiment class was positive effect on extending the fluency which can present various solution ways with social scientific thinking. The third, creative activities of an experiment class provided the experience that students can produce a unique and novel idea, and then it was a positive effect on a creativity development of students. In short, this model improved the scientific and logical thinking and the creativity, especially fluency and originality. The creativity education in an elementary geography education can be achieved through process of problem solving. Therefore, students as the citizens of future must have an interest in social issues and solve problems creatively. And it is necessary for teachers to develop their own creativity for selecting an appropriate text and designing creativity instruction in geography education.
임상연구 : 두부 외회전이 우측 내경정맥과 경동맥의 해부학적 위치관계에 미치는 영향
김순임 ( Soon Im Kim ),강제현 ( Je Hyun Kang ),백영희 ( Young Hee Baek ),김상호 ( Sang Ho Kim ),옥시영 ( Si Young Ok ),김선종 ( Sun Chong Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2008 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.55 No.5
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of head rotation on the anatomical relationship of the right internal jugular vein (RIJV) and the carotid artery (CA) with using ultrasound images in Korean patients. Methods: We investigated 117 patients (age range: 16-87 years old) who were placed in the supine position, but not in the Trendelenburg position. An ultrasound probe was placed on the right neck at the apex of the triangle formed by the head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the clavicle, and it was directed toward the ipsilateral nipple at a 30 degree angle to the coronal plane. For each head rotation (0, 30, 60 degrees), we measured the horizontal diameter of the RIJV and CA, and the percentage of overlap of the CA and the RIJV with using an ultrasound system. Results: The mean RIJV diameter was 18.4±4.3 mm and the mean CA diameter was 7.5±1.2 mm at the neutral head position. Following head rotation, the percentage overlap of the CA and RIJV increased significantly (0°: 32.7%, 30°: 45.4%, 60°: 57.0%) (P<0.05). The percentage overlap of the CA and RIJV in the neutral head position increased more in the patients with a BMI over 25. However, age did not have any effect on the percentage of overlap. Conclusions: Head rotation toward the contralateral side increases the percentage of overlap of the CA and RIJV. To decrease the risk of CA puncture, rotate the head from the neutral position as little as possible when performing RIJV catheterization. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2008;55:538~42)
Epinephrine 국소 침윤에 의한 급성 폐부종 : 증례보고
백영희,옥시영,김순임,김선종 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.1
Epinephrine overdose is not an uncommon event and is reported in the literature to be caused by inadvertent injection, injection of an incorrect concentration, or rapid absorption via mucosal surfaces and incisional wounds. Alpha-adrenergic stimulation by epinephrine increases peripheral vascular resistance, which in turn increases the left ventricular filling pressure. This process shifts blood volume from the peripheral circulation into the pulmonary vasculature, which is less sensitive to the vasoconstrictive effects of epihephrine. We describe a 15-year-old patient who developed tachycardia and acute pulmonary edema due to inadvertent overdose epinephrine infiltration for hemostasis during myringoplasty. The patient recovered without any sequelae after intensive treatment involving endotracheal suction, fluid restriction, diuretics, dopamine infusion and ventilatory care.
추간공 외측으로 변위된 경막외 카테터로 인한 편측 경막외마취 : 증례 보고
옥시영,정민규,백영희,김상호,김순임,김선종,박욱 순천향의학연구소 2008 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.1
Epidural block is a well-established anesthetic method and continuous epidural catheterization is a popular and effective procedure for postoperative analgesia. However, continuous epidural catheterization has associated with complications such as venous puncture, dural puncture, subarachnoid cannulation, suboptimal catheter placement and paresthesia because the tip of the epidural catheter touches the nerves of the dura in the epidural space. We would describe that epidural catheter accidentally passed out of epidural space through an intervertebral foramen. A 82-years old woman was scheduled for radical mastectomy under epidural anesthesia. The epidural catheter was placed in standard fashion without difficulty but unilateral epidural block occured on the contralateral side of surgery. Operation was taken under general anesthesia. At the end of the operation, epidurography showed that the catheter passed out of epidural space through an intervertebral foramen and contrast media spreaded over the paravertebral space(T3-T8) with right T4 nerve root area.