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      • KCI등재

        비브라토음의 비정현파적인 주파수 궤적의 특성 분석에 관한 연구

        방희석,Pang, Hee-Suk 한국음향학회 2021 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.40 No.5

        Vibrato corresponds to a modulation of frequency and is one of the most frequently used techniques to enrich vocal and musical instrument sounds. Whereas the fundamental frequency trajectories of vibrato tones are generally modeled as a sinusoid, they are sometimes observed to be non-sinusoidal. In this paper, we propose a method to analyze the characteristics of non-sinusoidal fundamental frequency trajectories of vibrato sounds. The proposed method performs Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based harmonic analysis on the frequency trajectory, analyzes vibrato parameters, and calculates a sinusoid purity factor. We applied the proposed method to flute, viola, and saxophone vibrato tones, whose results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재후보

        A Study on the Determinants and Effects of Port Clusters - With Reference to Korean Container Ports

        방희석,김새로나 한국무역학회 2004 Journal of Korea trade Vol.8 No.2

        Recently there have been a number of discussions on the construction of the port cluster as a part of Northeast Asia’s logistical hub policy. It seems, however, that the academic literature on the port cluster is not well developed. Therefore, this paper intended to derive the determinants of port clusters through extensive review of previous literature and then to analyze how to construct port clusters in Korea's major ports. In this paper, empirical analysis of port-related industries located in Korea’s major ports as well as consultation with port experts were made to set up the model and hypothesis. Then utilizing LISREL 8.0, this paper made use of Structural Equation Model (SEM) to examine the causal relationships.

      • KCI등재

        평택항(平澤港)의 국제물류 중심화를 위한 관세자유지역 설정에 관한 연구 : 법률 적용문제를 중심으로 A Review of Legal Strategy

        방희석,조찬혁 한국물류학회 2001 물류학회지 Vol.11 No.1

        The maior purpose of this research is to determine the appropriate law of free access zone in the Port of Pyungtaek. During last few years there has been an increasing awareness and interest in free access zone by the government and business as well. Such interest has been especially evident in the two laws promulgated by both MOCIE(Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy) and MOFI(Ministry of Finance and Economy). This study also analyze the legal factors of the Restriction Law of the Capital Zone Area, most significant to Port of Pyungtaek when making a FAZ , and uses this information to determine the inducement of large firms which .are important to rationalizing the FAZ.

      • KCI등재

        단음을 기반으로 한 해금 농현의 특성 분석에 대한 연구

        방희석 국립국악원 2023 국악원논문집 Vol.48 No.-

        농음 및 농현은 국악에서 자주 사용되는 대표적인 연주 기법 중의 하나이다. 성악 및 관악기에서 농음의 특성 분석은 기존에 연구된 바 있으나, 국악에서 대표적인 현악기 중 하나인 해금에서의 농현의 특성을 객관적으로 분석하는 연구는 많지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 국립국악원의 국악 디지털 음원 중 해금의 농현 강/중/약 단음을 이용하여 해금의 농현 특성을 분석하였다. 농현의 특성은 농현의 음고, 농현의 속도, 농현의 크기 등 3가지를 이용하였고, 총 42개의 단음에 대해 각각의 특성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과로는 우선 농현의 속도는 1초당 4회 내외이며 이는 일반적인 서양 음악의 비브라토에 비해 다소 느린 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 농현의 크기는 음별 평균이 60 센트에서 153 센트까지 분포하였으며, 이는 서양 음악의 비브라토에 비해 다소 큰 범위까지 포함한다고 할 수 있다. 이 외에도 일부 농현의 마지막 부분에서 나타난 농현의 속도가 증가하는 경향 및 농현 단음에서 강/중/약 연주에 따른 농현의 크기 결과와 관련하여 논의를 하였다. 본 연구는 해금 농현의 특성에 대해 기초 자료를 산출하였다는 데 의의가 있으며, 단일 연주자에 의한 단음만을 대상으로 분석하였다는 한계 또한 존재한다. 추후 다수의 연주자에 의한 다양한 연주곡들에 대해 해금 농현에 대한 특성 분석 연구가 수행되기를 기대한다. Vibrato, called nonghyeon or nongeum , is one of the typical performance techniques frequently used in gugak (Korean traditional music). There have been studies that analyzed the characteristics of vibrato of vocal and wind instruments in the field of gugak . However, there are not many studies that objectively analyzed the characteristics of vibrato of haegeum, one of the representative Korean traditional string instruments. This study examines the characteristics of haegeum vibrato, using strong, medium, and soft monotones of haegeum from the digital sound sources provided by the National Gugak Center. It analyzes 42 haegeum monotones specifically in terms of intonation, vibrato rate, and vibrato extent. As a result, the vibrato speed in haegeum is around 4 Hz (four times per second), which is generally lower than that in Western music. The vibrato extent ranges from 60 cents to 153 cents on average per note, which covers a somewhat larger range compared to that in Western music. In addition, there are some discussions regarding the tendency for the vibrato rate to increase, which appeared at the end of some vibratos, and the results of the vibrato extent according to strong, medium, and soft playing in monotones. This study is significant in that it has provided basic data on the characteristics of the haegeum vibrato, but also has a limitation of analyzing only monotones played by a single performer. It is hoped that future research will be conducted to analyze the characteristics of haegeum vibrato on various pieces performed by multiple performers.

      • KCI등재

        An Approach to the Logistics Outsourcing Factors of the Korean Companies

        방희석,박근식,오운열 한국항만경제학회 2009 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

        This study aims to understand the conditions for using logistics outsourcing of Korean enterprises, present existing problems, examine factors affecting utility, and analyze the pattern of logistics outsourcing based on contract term, and to ultimately contribute to enhancing competitiveness of logistics enterprises. Through the literature survey 8 factors were identified as three broad factors of corporate strategy, corporate characteristics, and environment. Factor analysis was conducted on the bases of 155 collected data among 400 distributions for 2 months from April to May in 2008. From the result of analysis, the implication and finding can be summarized into three aspects. Firstly, Korean companies value factors relative to corporate strategies as motivating factors for logistics outsourcing. Secondly, Korean companies consider logistics outsourcing depending on how to handle customers' demands and the severity of competition. Thirdly, it was found that product and organization characteristics are perceived as more important when contract term with logistics business is longer. The implications can be observed into two aspects. Firstly once the logistics outsourcing between manufacturers and logistics companies are determined, it was verified that mutual agreement, particular contracts and periodic communications can increase the outcome. Secondly the logistics outsourcing appeared to be different depending on the level of entering to foreign market and resulted in higher performance as well. This study aims to understand the conditions for using logistics outsourcing of Korean enterprises, present existing problems, examine factors affecting utility, and analyze the pattern of logistics outsourcing based on contract term, and to ultimately contribute to enhancing competitiveness of logistics enterprises. Through the literature survey 8 factors were identified as three broad factors of corporate strategy, corporate characteristics, and environment. Factor analysis was conducted on the bases of 155 collected data among 400 distributions for 2 months from April to May in 2008. From the result of analysis, the implication and finding can be summarized into three aspects. Firstly, Korean companies value factors relative to corporate strategies as motivating factors for logistics outsourcing. Secondly, Korean companies consider logistics outsourcing depending on how to handle customers' demands and the severity of competition. Thirdly, it was found that product and organization characteristics are perceived as more important when contract term with logistics business is longer. The implications can be observed into two aspects. Firstly once the logistics outsourcing between manufacturers and logistics companies are determined, it was verified that mutual agreement, particular contracts and periodic communications can increase the outcome. Secondly the logistics outsourcing appeared to be different depending on the level of entering to foreign market and resulted in higher performance as well.

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