외상후 복부 다발성 고형장기 손상

박형도 ( Hyung Do Park ),김선휴 ( Sun Hyu Kim ),이종화 ( Jong Hwa Lee ),홍정석 ( Jung Seok Hong ),홍은석 ( Eun Seog Hong ) 대한외상학회 2009 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: This study evaluated the characteristics and the prognosis of multiple intraabdominal solid organ injuries, including those to the liver, spleen, and kidney, after blunt trauma. Methods: From January 2001 to March 2009, 39 patients with multiple intraabdominal solid organ injuries, which had been confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography after blunt trauma, were included in this retrospective study. The injury severity score (ISS), abbreviated injury scale (AIS), revised trauma score (RTS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) injury grade of solid organs, initial hemodynamic status, blood gas analysis, blood transfusion, and the mortality were the main outcome measurements. Results: Injured groups were classified into liver/kidney (n=17), liver/spleen (n=4), spleen/kidney (n=13), and liver/kidney/spleen (n=5) groups. Patients were older in the liver/kidney group than in the liver/kidney/spleen group (43 vs 18 years, p=0.023). The initial systolic blood pressures tended to be lower in the liver/kidney group than in the other groups (84 vs 105, 112, and 114 mmHg, p=0.087). The amounts of 24-hour packed RBC transfusion were 32 units in the liver/kidney group and 4 units in the liver/kidney/spleen group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Differences were found in neither the RTS, ISS, and AIS for head, chest, abdominal, and pelvic injuries nor the AAST injury grade for solid organ, but injuries to the chest were more severe in the liver/spleen group than in the spleen/kidney group (AIS 4.0 vs 2.8, p=0.028). Conservative treatment was the most frequent applied treatment in all groups. There were 6 mortalities: 3 due to hypovolemia, 2 to sepsis, and 1 to brain injury. Mortalities occurred only in the liver/kidney group. Conclusion: Patients who had intraabdominal solid organ injuries of the liver and the kidney simultaneously, tended to be transfused more at an early time after trauma, to have lower initial systolic blood pressures, and to have a higher mortality. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2009;22:193-8)

온라인 커뮤니티 이용자의 잠복 관찰(Lurking) 행위 의도에 관한 연구

박도형(Park, Do-Hyung) 경희사이버대학교 미래고등교육연구소 2012 사이버사회문화 Vol.3 No.2

기존 연구의 대부분은 온라인 커뮤니티의 이용 의도에 관한 연구인데, 대부분의 연구는 이용 의도를 커뮤니티 사용 의도로 접근하였다. 하지만 커뮤니티에 참여하여 글을 쓰고 구성원간의 상호작용 없이, 단순히 커뮤니티를 방문하고, 다른 사람들의 글만 보고 정보를 얻어가는 행위(Lurking)는 온라인 커뮤니티의 발전을 저해할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 Preece, Nonnecke와 Andrews(2004)의 탐색적 연구를 바탕으로 온라인 커뮤니티에서 사람들이 잠복 관찰(Lurking) 하려는 행위 의도를 갖는 이유에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 기존의 온라인 커뮤니티 연구와 온라인 환경에서의 이용자 행위를 바라본 연구들을 기초로 온라인 커뮤니티의 구성원들의 행위에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들을 확인하고, 각 요인들이 온라인 커뮤니티내 글을 쓰는 의도와 글을 읽는 의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 이를 통해 잠복관찰자(Lurker)들이 잠복 관찰(Lurking) 행위를 전략적으로 하려는 욕구에는 무엇이 있으며, 이런 욕구의 해결을 잠복 관찰(Lurking)이 아닌 다른 방향을 통해 해결할 수 있는 전략적 대안을 제시하였다. Online communities is getting more popular with the development of information technology. It is essential that community members participate actively and share their contents or opinions continuously for the success and growth of online communities. However, it is revealed that most of members just take the role of passive observer. They are lurking community information and contents without any contribution. In this sense, this study focuses on explore lurking behavior of online community members. Based on technology acceptance model, this study investigates the effect of two distinctive motivations(intrinsic and extrinsic motivation) on the intention for posting and reading. Finally, this study proposes several strategies to enhance information and contents sharing in online communities.

심리적 거리로서의 가상성과 시간적 거리: 제품 정보 유형의 제품 태도에 미치는 효과를 중심으로

박도형 ( Do-hyung Park ) 한국지식경영학회 2017 지식경영연구 Vol.18 No.3

Recent advances in technology are evolving to enable individuals to perform various activities necessary for their lives, without being constrained by physical, temporal, and spatial constraints. The online services and experiences that originated from solving the discomfort in the actual offline space have created the newness that can only be experienced in the digital world and furthermore uniquely new experiences in actual space as well. While many previous studies have suggested several interpretations of unique individual behaviors in virtual environments, a recent research approaches virtuality as an interesting perspective of the change of thinking style. Virtuality is defined as how far apart we are from everyday reality, and if the individual faces a situation far from reality, the psychological distance of the individual becomes distant and ultimately leads to the thinking style of high construal level. Otherwise, it is said to have a relatively low construal level of thinking style. In this study, I try to confirm the virtual distance as the role of psychological distance in new virtual contexts. Simultaneously considering temporal distance, which are most used in psychological distance, and virtual distance based on virtuality, this study tries to find whether the effect of virtual distance on product attitude is the same as that of temporal distance and check the relationship between virtual distance and temporal distance in the context of consumers’ product evaluations depending on product information type.

논문 : IP-TV서비스를 위한 IP-TV Set-Top Box설계와 구현

박형도 ( Hyung Do Park ),오영호 ( Young Ho Oh ),이경원 ( Kyoung Won Lee ),김세영 ( Se Young Kim ),안창원 ( Chang Won Ahn ),김대진 ( Dae Jin Kim ) 전남대학교 전자통신기술연구소 2006 전자통신기술논문지 Vol.9 No.1

본 논문에서는 IP-TV 보급을 위해서 고성능 저가의 IP-TV(Internet Protocol TV) 셋탑박스의 필요성을 감안하여 TV를 통한 인터넷 컨텐츠 이용에 최적화된 IP-TV 셋탑박스를 제조업체(Ninelanes)와 공동으로 개발하였다. 개발된 셋탑박스는 브로드밴드를 이용한 VOD서비스, 1Mbps급의 DVD급 화질을 지원하고 스트리밍 비디오와 저장된 콘텐츠를 직접 재생할 수 있다. 개발된 셋탑박스는 VHS(450kbps), DVD급 (750Kbps), DVD(1.2Mbps), MP3, AC3, MPEG-2/4, VP4/5/6, WMV9, DVIX 등의 다양한 디지털 미디어 재생 포맷을 지원 할 수 있도록 개발되어 가격경쟁력 향상 및 멀티미디어 지원환경 구축, 인코더방식의 코텍 전환이 가능하다. 또한 고집적, 저전력, 고성능, 저가형 개발 개념으로 개발된 이 셋탑박스는 각종 IP-TV기능을 펌웨어나 소프트웨어 수정으로 시스템 변경이 가능하여 IP-TV 셋탑박스 보급에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

고객 관점의 UX 품질 평가 및 제품개선 방향 도출 프로세스: 휴대폰 카메라 경험을 중심으로

박도형 ( Do Hyung Park ) (주)엘지씨엔에스(구 LGCNS 엔트루정보기술연구소) 2013 Entrue Journal of Information Technology Vol.12 No.1

기업에 있어 고객 기반의 UX 품질 관리는 고객 중심의 제품 개발 및 고객의 지속적인 사용과 만족을 위해 중요하다. 기업은 고객에게 우수한 품질을 제공하기 위해, 고객의 잠재니즈를 발굴하고 기대수준을 도출하여 품질의 기준 강화와 성능의 향상을 위해 노력하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 전자회사 A의 휴대폰 사례를 통해 고객이 제품을 사용하면서 지각하고 인지하는 제품에 대한 품질 평가인 고객 관점의 UX 품질 평가의 프로세스를 제시하였다. 제품의 사용 주체인 고객의 목소리로 시작하여, 기술 속성 간 매핑을 통해 고객 가치 요인을 도출한 후, 고객이 실제 제품을 사용하는 환경에서 고객 가치 요인에 따른 제품 평가를 수행한다. 고객 평가 값에 대한 요인 분석과 회귀 분석을 통하여 각 고객 가치 요인의 고객 만족도에의 영향력 비중을 산출하고, 이 결과를 전략 매트릭스 상에 포지셔닝 하여 사분면별로 차별화된 전략을 제시하였다. 이와 같이 기업이 고객의 지각된 UX 품질을 정확히 이해하여 품질 영역별로 최적화된 전략을 적용한다면, 고객이 가장 원하는 부문의 품질을 먼저 개선할 수 있고, 고객 만족을 극대화할 수뿐만 아니라, 중요 품질 요소에 대한 집중 투자를 할 수 있어 기술개발 투자의 효율성을 향상시킬 것으로 기대된다. Consumer-based UX quality management is important for companies as it enables them to develop products fit to their consumer needs, to encourage continuous use of their products and to manage consumer satisfaction. In order to provide products with higher quality, companies identify consumer needs and expectations for their products and strive to improve quality control for better products. This study suggests the process of UX quality evaluation based on consumer needs and ap-plies it to a case study focusing on mobile phone camera experience in Company A, one of the Korean electronics companies. It identifies consumer value factors from voice of consumer and then performs consumer product test in an environment si-mulating consumers` real experience of a product and contents. Based on the obtained consumer evaluation, it conducts factor analysis and regression analysis to derive impact of each consumer value factor on consumer satisfaction. By positioning the results on a strategy map, it suggested differentiated strategies. For a practical use, companies can analyze their consumers` perceived UX quality and apply differentiated strategies for each product. Given the successful implementation, they can pri-oritize the quality improvement on a product based on consumer needs, maximize consumer satisfaction and increase the effi-ciency of their investment on technologies by focusing on critical quality attributes.

딥러닝 기반 영상 정합 기술의 연구 동향

송대영(Dae-Young Song),이희경(Heekyung Lee),엄기문(Gi-Mun Um),서정일(Jeongil Seo),조동현(Donghyeon Cho) 대한전자공학회 2021 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11

압축비 조절기구가 부착된 단기통 디젤엔진에 대한 BDF의 적용

박형도 ( Hyung Do Park ),양협 ( Hyup Yang ) 대한설비관리학회 2009 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

An experimental study on engine performance parameters and emission gas characteristics for bio-diesel fuels (BDF`s) was performed by using of a specific engine; the type of single-cylinder, four-stroke, water-cooled diesel engine with variable compression ratio adjustment mechanism (the model Farryman A 30 marine, TQ, UK). Specific fuel consumptions (SFC) and soot tendency (smoke %) for various fuel and/or operation conditions were also examined. The BDF`s used were prepared BD 20 and BD 100 together with the commercial diesel fuel (DF) for reference. The established conditions for experiment were 12:1, 14:1, 16:1 and 18:1 for compression ratio (CR), and 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 rpm for engine speed. It was found that SFC of BDF`s is increased 1.3~3.7% compared with DF according to the rpm`s; for the smoke %, BDF`s value is reduced significantly up to max. 45.7 % in comparison to that of DF; and while NOx is increased amazingly up to max. 38%, which is too much than the previous results of around 12.0 %. Also, it does not seem that the engine`s power output remains changed significantly according to the fuels used.

소비자의 규범적 기대와 예언적 기대가 소비자의 만족에 미치는 영향

박도형(Park, Do-Hyung),정재권(Chung, Jaekwon) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.12

소비자 만족은 제품이나 서비스의 판매 등의 기업의 성과에 중요한 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 구전을 일으키고 더 나아가서 고객 충성도를 향상시킨다. 기존의 소비자 만족 연구는 기대불일치 이론을 중심으로 소비자의 기대, 지각된 성능, 이에 따른 기대불일치 정도가 만족에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 있다. 본 연구는 소비자의 기대를 해당 제품이나 서비스의 성능이 “어느 정도는 되어야 한다” 는 규범적 기대와 “어느 정도는 될 것이다” 의 예언적 기대로 구분하여 조절초점 이론에서 제안하는 소비자의 성향 (향상초점 vs. 예방초점) 에 따라 어떤 기대불일치가 만족에 더 큰 영향을 미치는지 확인하고 있다. 구체적으로 향상초점 성향이 강한 소비자는 규범적 기대 불일치보다는 예언적 기대 불일치가 만족에 미치는 영향이 더 크고, 예방초점 성향이 강한 소비자는 예언적 기대 불일치보다는 규범적 기대 불일치가 만족에 미치는 영향이 더 크다는 것이 밝혀 졌다. 본 연구는 일반적인 기대 (예언적 기대) 뿐만 아니라 규범적 기대의 중요성을 실증적으로 밝힌 점과 기대불일치 하에서 조절초점의 조절 역할을 밝힌 점에서 이론적인 공헌을 가지며, 고객들의 기대 관리 전략을 수립할 수 있는 가이드를 제공한 다는 측면에서 실무적인 시사점을 가진다. It is widely known that consumer satisfaction, as well as consumer voice and loyalty, affect firms’ performance. Prior studies on consumer satisfaction have focused on expectancy disconfirmation theory and its effects on satisfaction related to disconfirmation with consumer expectation and with perceived performance. This study classified consumer expectation into should-expectation and will-expectation, and investigated how disconfirmation with these expectations affects consumer satisfaction differently based on regulatory focus. Specifically, for promotion-focused consumers, disconfirmation of will-expectation has a more significant influence on consumer satisfaction than that of should-expectation. For prevention-focused consumers, disconfirmation of should-expectation has a more significant influence on consumer satisfaction. The results of this study provide academic insights that not only generic expectation (will-expectation) but also should-expectation play an important role in determining consumer satisfaction according to regulatory focus. In addition, it is expected that the findings can be used as a guide to manage consumer expectation in practice.

자기조직화 지도를 활용한 성장모형 기반의 시장 성장패턴 지도 구축

박도형(Do-Hyung Park),정재권(Jaekwon Chung),정여진(Yeo Jin Chung),이동원(Dongwon Lee) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2014 지능정보연구 Vol.20 No.4

Market forecasting aims to estimate the sales volume of a product or service that is sold to consumers for a specific selling period. From the perspective of the enterprise, accurate market forecasting assists in determining the timing of new product introduction, product design, and establishing production plans and marketing strategies that enable a more efficient decision-making process. Moreover, accurate market forecasting enables governments to efficiently establish a national budget organization. This study aims to generate a market growth curve for ICT (information and communication technology) goods using past time series data; categorize products showing similar growth patterns; understand markets in the industry; and forecast the future outlook of such products. This study suggests the useful and meaningful process (or methodology) to identify the market growth pattern with quantitative growth model and data mining algorithm. The study employs the following methodology. At the first stage, past time series data are collected based on the target products or services of categorized industry. The data, such as the volume of sales and domestic consumption for a specific product or service, are collected from the relevant government ministry, the National Statistical Office, and other relevant government organizations. For collected data that may not be analyzed due to the lack of past data and the alteration of code names, data pre-processing work should be performed. At the second stage of this process, an optimal model for market forecasting should be selected. This model can be varied on the basis of the characteristics of each categorized industry. As this study is focused on the ICT industry, which has more frequent new technology appearances resulting in changes of the market structure, Logistic model, Gompertz model, and Bass model are selected. A hybrid model that combines different models can also be considered. The hybrid model considered for use in this study analyzes the size of the market potential through the Logistic and Gompertz models, and then the figures are used for the Bass model. The third stage of this process is to evaluate which model most accurately explains the data. In order to do this, the parameter should be estimated on the basis of the collected past time series data to generate the models’ predictive value and calculate the root-mean squared error (RMSE). The model that shows the lowest average RMSE value for every product type is considered as the best model. At the fourth stage of this process, based on the estimated parameter value generated by the best model, a market growth pattern map is constructed with self-organizing map algorithm. A self-organizing map is learning with market pattern parameters for all products or services as input data, and the products or services are organized into an N X N map. The number of clusters increase from 2 to M, depending on the characteristics of the nodes on the map. The clusters are divided into zones, and the clusters with the ability to provide the most meaningful explanation are selected. Based on the final selection of clusters, the boundaries between the nodes are selected and, ultimately, the market growth pattern map is completed. The last step is to determine the final characteristics of the clusters as well as the market growth curve. The average of the market growth pattern parameters in the clusters is taken to be a representative figure. Using this figure, a growth curve is drawn for each cluster, and their characteristics are analyzed. Also, taking into consideration the product types in each cluster, their characteristics can be qualitatively generated. We expect that the process and system that this paper suggests can be used as a tool for forecasting demand in the ICT and other industries.

지능형 시뮬레이션 모형을 기반으로 한 정보기술 투자 성과 요인 및 전략 도출에 관한 연구

박도형(Do-Hyung Park) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2013 지능정보연구 Vol.19 No.1

Information technology is a critical resource necessary for any company hoping to support and realize its strategic goals, which contribute to growth promotion and sustainable development. The selection of information technology and its strategic use are imperative for the enhanced performance of every aspect of company management, leading a wide range of companies to have invested continuously in information technology. Despite researchers managers, and policy makers’ keen interest in how information technology contributes to organizational performance, there is uncertainty and debate about the result of information technology investment. In other words, researchers and managers cannot easily identify the independent factors that can impact the investment performance of information technology. This is mainly owing to the fact that many factors, ranging from the internal components of a company, strategies, and external customers, are interconnected with the investment performance of information technology. Using an agent-based simulation technique, this research extracts factors expected to affect investment performance on information technology, simplifies the analyses of their relationship with economic modeling, and examines the performance dependent on changes in the factors. In terms of economic modeling, I expand the model that highlights the way in which product quality moderates the relationship between information technology investments and economic performance (Thatcher and Pingry, 2004) by considering the cost of information technology investment and the demand creation resulting from product quality enhancement. For quality-enhancement and its consequences for demand creation, I apply the concept of information quality and decision-maker quality (Raghunathan, 1999). This concept implies that the investment on information technology improves the quality of information, which, in turn, improves decision quality and performance, thus enhancing the level of product or service quality. Additionally, I consider the effect of word of mouth among consumers, which creates new demand for a product or service through the information diffusion effect. This demand creation is analyzed with an agent-based simulation model that is widely used for network analyses. Results show that the investment on information technology enhances the quality of a company’s product or service, which indirectly affects the economic performance of that company, particularly with regard to factors such as consumer surplus, company profit, and company productivity. Specifically, when a company makes its initial investment in information technology, the resultant increase in the quality of a company’s product or service immediately has a positive effect on consumer surplus, but the investment cost has a negative effect on company productivity and profit. As time goes by, the enhancement of the quality of that company’s product or service creates new consumer demand through the information diffusion effect. Finally, the new demand positively affect the company’s profit and productivity. In terms of the investment strategy for information technology, this study’s results also reveal that the selection of information technology needs to be based on analysis of service and the network effect of customers, and demonstrate that information technology implementation should fit into the company’s business strategy. Specifically, if a company seeks the short-term enhancement of company performance, it needs to have a one-shot strategy(making a large investment at one time). On the other hand, if a company seeks a long-term sustainable profit structure, it needs to have a split strategy(making several small investment at different times). The findings from this study make several contributions to the literature. In terms of methodology, the study integrates both economic modeling and simulation technique in order to overcome the limitations of each methodology