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박종학(Jong Hak Park) 세창출판사 2010 창작과 권리 Vol.- No.60
Modern society is product-oriented one. Various products that are manufactured and sold stimulate consumers' desire. Hence, the manufacturer tries to make products that are equipped with beautiful appearance as well as excellent quality and functions. For consumers, who want to express their personalities through their products as a total fashion, regards a design on their products as an important decision factor for buying the products. This design is created from constant research and efforts, not naturally. Strong legal protection for the design is required because the design, which is difficult to be created, is easy to be copied. Therefore, design protection law tightly protects an issued design: applied designs which is same and similar with publically-known, publically-used ones are denied due to lack of novelty. In this context, it is important legal issue to determine whether the compared designs are same or similar each other because this sameness or similarity is used when determining novelty of design, pre-application, expanded pre-application. Also, they are used when determining the scope of the issued design's right and protection. It is highly important to legal theory and solution for legal dispute to study on the criteria of design's sameness and similarity, which is the most important factor for design protection. In addition, more understanding for new cases is required in the legal system of design protection law and intellectual property law. Also, more leading cases, which do not harm legal stability and seek detailed plausibility, are needed to be settled.
ISSUE & ISSUE-4대 사회보험료 원가반영 절실
박종학,Park, Jong-Hak 대한기계설비건설협회 2006 기계설비 Vol.6 No.-
최근 근로소득지원세제(EITC, ’08년) 시행을 위한 건설일용근로자 임금지급조서 신고와 관련하여 설비건설업계는 경영상 최대 위기에 봉착하고 있습니다. 또한 2003년부터 건설일용근로자는 국민연금과 건강보험에 의무가입토록 했으나 이에 소요되는 비용은 건설공사원가에 극히 일부만 반영되고 있는 실정입니다. 그러나 공공공사에 일부 반영된 보험료도 최종 납부자인 하도급자에게는 전액이 아닌 일부만 반영되고 있는 실정입니다. 이처럼 최저가낙찰제 시행으로 수주환경이 극도로 나빠짐은 물론 공사원가도 제대로 계상되지 않는 현실에서 설비건설업계의 현명한 대처능력이 그 어느 때보다도 요구되고 있습니다. 이에 따라 본지는 설비건설업계의 현안문제와 이에 대한 대한설비건설협회의 노력, 설비건설업계 당면과제에 대한 박종학 회장의 언론 홍보 등을 게재하오니 회원사 여러분의 많은 참고를 바랍니다.
첨가제에 따른 염산시부트라민 정제의 특성화 및 방출거동
박종학 ( Jong Hak Park ),구정 ( Jung Ku ),안식일 ( Sik Il Ahn ),이준희 ( Jun Hee Lee ),김윤태 ( Yun Tae Kim ),김대성 ( Dae Sung Kim ),김원 ( Won Kim ),이종문 ( John M Rhee ),강길선 ( Gilson Khang ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2008 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.5 No.4
In this study, sibutramine HCl, appetite suppressants were prepared into tablet type with additives such as lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose(MCC), and PVP K-25 to effective oral administration. We used the polyplasdone XL-10 as disintegrant. We compared the in vitro release behavior of sibutramine from the tablets according to additives with commercial drug, Reductil. The change of structure and crystallinity of tablet by additives were characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimeter( DSC). FT-IR and DSC results demonstrates that structure of drug was changed and crystallinity of drug was decreased according to additives. The dissolution rate of sibutramine HCl from tablet greatly increased in simulated gastric fluid(pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid(pH 6.8) in case of adding lactose monohydrate and PVP K-25. This study suggest that various pharmaceutical excipients could improve the sibutramine HCl release behaviors.
박종학(Jong Hak Park),조윤호(Yoon Ho Cho),김재경(Jae Kyeong Kim) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2009 지능정보연구 Vol.15 No.1
Collaborative filtering recommends products using customers’ preferences, so it cannot recommend products to the new customer who has no preference information. This paper proposes a novel approach to new customer recommendations using the social network analysis which is used to search relationships among social entities such as genetics network, traffic network, organization network, etc. The proposed recommendation method identifies customers most likely to be neighbors to the new customer using the centrality theory in social network analysis and recommends products those customers have liked in the past. The procedure of our method is divided into four phases:purchase similarity analysis, social network construction, centrality-based neighborhood formation, and recommendation generation. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we have conducted several experiments using a data set from a department store in Korea. Our method was compared with the best-seller-based method that uses the best-seller list to generate recommendations for the new customer. The experimental results show that our approach significantly outperforms the best-seller-based method as measured by F1-measure.
염산 트라마돌을 함유하는 PLGA 미립구의 제조 및 방출거동
박종학 ( Jong Hak Park ),엄신 ( Shin Eom ),안식일 ( Sik Il Ahn ),김대성 ( Dae Sung Kim ),김원 ( Won Kim ),이동원 ( Dong Won Lee ),유일수 ( Il Sou Yoo ),이종문 ( John M Rhee ),강길선 ( Gil Son Khang ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4
Tramadol HCl(TH)-loaded poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) microspheres were prepared by O/O solvent evaporation method for sustained release. We investigated the release behavior according to PLGA molecular weight and concentration. TH-loaded PLGA microspheres were characterized on the surface and cross-section morphology by SEM. TH-loaded PLGA microspheres had smooth surfaces and various pores in internal structure. As the PLGA molecular weight and PLGA concentration increased, the release rate of TH decreased. The behaviors of degradation was decreased according to increased PLGA molecular weight. These results showed that the release behaviors can be controlled by various of molecular weight and concentration of PLGA.
박종학 ( Jong Hak Park ),김정윤 ( Jung Youn Kim ),신준현 ( Jun Hyun Shin ),윤영훈 ( Young Hoon Yoon ),조한진 ( Han Jin Cho ),문성우 ( Sung Woo Moon ),최성혁 ( Sung Hyuk Choi ),이성우 ( Sung Woo Lee ),홍윤식 ( Yun Sik Hong ) 대한외상학회 2010 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.23 No.1
Purpose: In Korea, most abdominal penetrating wounds are caused by stab wounds rather than gun-shot wounds. However, not many studies have been performed on stab injuries and their epidemiologic characteristics. Disagreements of opinions of obligatory surgical exploration and conservative treatment exist, and this subject is still being debated. Therefore, the authors studied the epidemiologic characteristics of abdominal stab wound patients visiting the emergency department and reviewed the proportion of patients that received nontherapeutic surgery and conservative treatment. Methods: This study included patients visiting the emergency department with abdominal stab wounds. A retrospective chart review was done on the abdominal stab wound patients. Sex, age, cause of injury, location of wound, initial vital signs, operation results, injured organs and CT & LWE results were reviewed. Results: The median age of the 121 patients was 40.9 years, of these patients, 88 were males, of which 52 (43.0%) were drunken. Of the patients that received non-therapeutic operations, only 3 patients (15.0%) were drunken, significantly lower than the therapeutic operation group. For the location of the wound, most patients were injured in the right and left upper quadrants, 27 patients each. The most common injured organ was the small bowel; 13 patients were injured in the small bowel. With abdominal CT scans and local wound explorations together, the results exhibited a sensitivity of 97%, a specificity of 44%, a positive predictive value of 56%, and a negative predictive value of 95%. Conclusion: In our study, the sensitivity was 97% when CT & LWE were performed together; thus we can conclude that CT and LWE can be used together to select the treatment method. Although in our study, the surgical indications in abdominal stab wound patients is not sufficient, our results showed a higher rate of nontherapeutic surgery compared to previous studies. Therefore, more research is needed to prevent unnecessary laparotomies in hemodynamically-stable patients without symptoms. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2010;23:21-28)
수용성 고분자에 따른 실로스타졸 고체분산체의 특성화 및 조절된 방출거동
박종학 ( Jong Hak Park ),김세호 ( Se Ho Kim ),오재민 ( Jae Min Oh ),안식일 ( Sik Il Ahn ),김윤태 ( Yun Tae Kim ),정수현 ( Su Hyun Jung ),최진희 ( Jin Hee Choi ),이동원 ( Dong Won Lee ),유일수 ( Il Sou Yoo ),이종문 ( John M Rhee ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4
The aim of this study was to improve dissolution rate and controlled release of poorly water-soluble drug, cilostazol, using general water soluble polymers. We prepared solid dispersed cilostazol with hydrophilic polymer, Poly-N-Vinylpyrolidone(PVP), Plasdone S630, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose(HPMC), PEG 6000, Eudragit E100, and surfactant, Poloxamer 407. Characterization of cilostazol solid dispersion analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM), differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) and infrared spectrometry(FT-IR). SEM and DSC were found that amorphous in solid dispersion. Particle size analyzer was used to investigate size of cilostazol in solid dispersion. The in vitro release behavior of solid dispersion presented at simulated gastric fluid(pH 1.2). The release behavior of cilostazol was controlled release with hydrophilic polymers and solid dispersed cilostazol with hydrophilic polymers was sustained release behavior than initial burst release of commercial drug(Pletal(R)). This studies suggest that this solid dispersion system with hydrophilic polymers controlled poorly water-soluble drug, cilostazol, release behaviors.