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Prostaglandin A₂-induced Apoptosis is Not Inhibited by Heme Oygenase-1 in U2OS Cells
Kyoung-Won Ko(고경원),Sun-Young Lee(이선영),Ji-Hyun Ahn(안지현),Jaetaek Kim(김재택),In-Kyung Kim(김인경),Ho-Shik Kim(김호식) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.11
Prostaglandin A₂ (PGA₂)는 사람 골육종 세포인 U2OS 세포주에서 apoptosis와 heme oxygenase (HO)-1의 발현을 함께 유도하였다. PGA₂에 의한 apoptosis는 HO-1의 과도한 발현이나 HO-1에 대한 small interfering RNA에 의한 발현저하에 의하여 변동되지 않았으나 H₂O₂에 의한 세포사망은 HO-1의 발현 수준에 반비례하여 변동되었다. 또한 thiol antioxidant인 N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)은 PGA₂에 의한 세포사망과 HO-1의 발현 증가를 모두 차단하였지만, non-thiol antioxidant인 butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)과 ascorbic acid는 세포사망과 HO-1의 발현 유도를 차단하지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과들은 PGA₂는 산화성 손상에 의해서가 아니라 PGA₂의 thiol-reactivity에 의하여 apoptosis와 HO-1의 발현을 유도하며, HO-1의 발현은 PGA₂에 의한 apoptosis와는 독립적인 현상이거나 기능적으로 apoptosis 유도의 하부에 위치하고 apoptosis의 진행에는 기여하지 않을 것이라는 것을 시사해 준다. Prostaglandin A₂ (PGA₂), one of cyclopentenone PGs, induced both apoptosis and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression in U2OS cells. PGA₂-induced apoptosis was not perturbed by either over-expression or knock-down of HO-1, whereas H₂O₂-induced cell death was inversely modulated by the expression level of HO-1. In addition, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a thiol antioxidant, blocked both apoptosis and HO-1 expression induced by PGA₂. But, non-thiol antioxidants like butylated hydorxyanisole (BHA) and ascorbic acid did not block either apoptosis or HO-1-induction. Taken together, these results suggest that PGA₂ induces both apoptosis and HO-1 expression, which are critically related to the thiol-reactivity of PGA₂, but not oxidative stress, and HO-1 expression may be independent or functionally located downstream of apoptosis by PGA₂ without contribution to apoptosis progression.
김주필(Joo Pil Kim),예성훈(Seong Hun Ye),이준기(Jun Gi Lee),이준호(Jun Ho Lee) 한국거미연구소 2015 한국거미 Vol.31 No.1
한국산 거미 목록을 최근 분류체계와 새롭게 추가된 분류군을 총망라하여 재정리하였다. 그 결과, 한국산 거미류의 수는 총 48과 281속 795종으로 조사되었으며, 이전 김과 김(2010)의 발표보다 2과 16속 69종이 많았다. 이전의 김과 김(2010)의 목록에서 이용된 분류체계와 비교해 크게 변동된 사항으로는 기존의 코리나거미과(Family Corinnidae)에 속하는 3개 속(Genus Cetonana 괴물거미속(개칭), Genus Paratrachelas 어리괭이거미속, Genus Trachelas 괭이거미속)과 2개 속(Genus Orthobula 십자삼지거미속, Genus Phrurolithus 도사거미속)이 각각 괭이거미과(Family Trachelidae)(신칭)와 도사거미과 (Family Phrurolithidae)(신칭)로 분리, 신설되었으며(Ramírez, 2014), 밭고랑거미과(Family Liocranidae)의 족제비거미속(Genus Itatsina)이 미투기거미과(Family Miturgidae)의 1속(Genus Prochora)에 하위 동종이명(synonymy)으로 편입됨(Bosselaers & Jocqué, 2013)에 따라 Prochora 속의 국명이 족제비거미속으로 개칭되었다. 또한 오소리거미과(Family Zoridae)가 미투기거미과(Family Miturgidae)에 하위 동종이명으로 편입되었으며(Ramírez, 2014), 기존에 미투기거미과에 속해 있던 1속(Genus Cheiracanthium 어리염낭거미속)이 미투기거미과로부터 분리, 신설된 장다리염낭거미과(Family Eutichuridae)(신칭)로 분류되었다(Ramírez, 2014). 그 밖에 속, 종의 단위에서 분류군 신설, 동종이명, 오동정 등의 분류 체계 변동 사항이 있었으며, 이를 본 목록에서 확인할 수 있다. 더불어 근래에 추가된 2종의 무자격명(Nomen nudum) 처리된 종과, 국립공원 생물종 목록집(2012)에 기재되었으나 논문으로 정식 발표되지 않은 미기록종 22종을 별도로 기술하였다. 한국산 거미류는 접시거미과(101종), 꼬마거미과(84종), 왕거미과(79종), 깡충거미과(73종), 그리고 늑대거미과(57종) 이하 순으로 종수가 많았으며, 위의 5과가 전체 종수의 약 50%(394종)을 차지하였다. 전체 795종 중 한국산 고유종은 173종(21.8%)이었고, 일본산 거미류와 512종(64.4%), 중국산과 497종(62.5%), 러시아산과 360종(45.3%), 대만산과 103종(13.1%) 동일종이었다. 또한, 구북구산(Palearctic region)이 80종(10%), 전북구산(Holarctic region)이 37종(4.7%), 그리고 세계공통종(Cosmopolitan species)이 13종(1.6%)으로 분석되었다. A revised new-version of the check list of Korean spiders, including recent systematic systems and new taxa, is presented in this paper. According to additional references in the last 5 years, a total of 795 species of 281 genera belonging to 48 families were checked in Korean spider fauna, and there are 69 species of 16 genera belonging to 2 families more than the previous check list(Kim & Kim, 2010). Typical examples of some changes in systematic systems of Korean spiders compared with the previous check list(Kim & Kim, 2010) are as follows : Two families, the family Trachelidae and the family Phrurolithidae, previously in the family Corinnidae are raised to family status(by Ramírez, 2014). In Korea, the family Trachelidae includes 3 genera(Gen. Cetonana, Gen. Paratrachelas, Gen. Trachelas) and the family Phrurolithidae includes 2 genera(Gen. Orthobula, Gen. Phrurolithus); The family Eutichuridae is raised to family status, which was previously in the family Miturgidae(by Ramírez, 2014). There is one genus(Gen. Cheiracanthium) in the family Eutichuridae in Korea; The family Zoridae is included as a junior synonym of the family Miturgidae(by Ramírez, 2014); The genus Itatsina is included as a junior synonym of the genus Prochora in the family Miturgidae(Bosselaers & Jocqué, 2013). One Pisaurid species(Dolomedes jirisanensis) and a Sparassid genus(Gen. Joopilia, Joopilia joopilis) are nomina nuda. Additionally, There are 22 unrecorded species, which was found by Korean National Park Research Institute(2012) but was not described as papers, check list of them is presented separately from the check list of Korean spiders in this paper. Linyphiidae(101 sp.), Theridiidae(84 sp.), Araneidae(79 sp.), Salticidae(73 sp.), and Lycosidae(57 sp.) spiders are the most in the Korean spider fauna, and species in that 5 families formed about 50%(394 sp.) of the whole Korean spiders. In zoogeographical distribution, Korean spider fauna was found containing 80 Pa, 37 Holarctic, 13 Co, and 173 Korean endemic species. And comparison with faunas of neighboring countries, 512 species of Korean spiders also live in Japan(64.4%), 497 species live in C(62.5%), 360 species live in Russia(45.3%) and 103 species live in Taiwan(13.1%).
BLDC 전동기의 정현적 공극 자속밀도 구현에 의한 진동 · 소음 저감
김사무엘(Samuel Kim),정승호(Seung Ho Jeong),권병일(Byung Il Kwon),김홍석(Hong Seok Kim) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10
Cogging torque is often a principal source of vibration, noise and difficulty of control in BLDC motors. Therefore, this paper will present a design method of magnetization system with sinusoidal air-gap flux density distribution of Nd-Fe-B magnets in ring type for reduction of Vibration and Noise and low manufacturing cost.
ASTM Gr.92강의 미세조직 및 기계적 성질에 미치는 템퍼링 온도 및 열처리경로의 영향
김연근 ( Yeon Keun Kim ),한창희 ( Chang Hee Han ),백종혁 ( Jong Hyuk Baek ),김성호 ( Sung Ho Kim ),이찬복 ( Chan Bock Lee ),홍순익 ( Sun Ig Hong ) 대한금속·재료학회 2010 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.48 No.1
In order to investigate the effects of tempering temperature and heat-treatment path on the microstructural and mechanical properties of ASTM Gr.92 steels, foul samples with different tempering temperatures and heat-treatment paths were prepared. Three experimental steels showed tempered martensitic microstructures. but the sample tempered at 8l0℃ was presumed to retain partially untempered martensitic microstructures due to a lower α+γ phase regime. M23C6. V(C,N), and Nb(C.N) precipitates were observed in all samples. In addition, Cr2N was observed to be precipitated finely and uniformly by isothermal heat-treatment. The lath width and precipitate size increased with an increase of the tempering temperature. In particular, the lath width and precipitate size in the isothermal heat-treated samples were much smaller than those of the tempered-only specimens. Because of a fine and uniform precipitate, a reduction of lath width would enhance precipitation hardening, and it was shown that mechanical propertiesincluding the hardness and tensile properties of the steels were improved by isothermal heat-treatment.