화장실 공기 중 미생물 분포 조사연구

김종규,김아혁,김중순,Kim, Jong-Gyu,Kim, A-Hyeok,Kim, Joong-Soon 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.4

Objectives: This study was performed to examine bioaerosols in indoor air in public restrooms, as well as to assess the effects of air temperature and relative humidity on bioaerosol levels. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in ten male and ten female restrooms. An air sampler (Anderson type) was used for sampling total suspended bacteria (TSB), Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), Gram-positive bacteria (GPB), opportunistic bacteria (OP), Staphylococcus spp., and total suspended fungi (TSF). Results: The levels of TSB were $10-10^2CFU/m^3$ and TSF $10-10^2CFU/m^3$, respectively. The GNB level was $0-10CFU/m^3$, and GPB and OP levels were $10-10^2CFU/m^3$. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were detected in 90% of the restrooms. The GPB level was higher in the female restrooms than in the male restrooms (p < 0.05). TSB, GNB, and TSF showed higher levels in restrooms in buildings over 30 years old (p < 0.01). The main effect of air temperature or relative humidity and interaction effect of the two factors on the TSB level were significant (p < 0.05), while the effect of relative humidity on the TSF level was significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results indicate that there is a wide variation in the bioaerosol levels among different restrooms. The observed differences in bioaerosol levels reflect different building histories. The effects of air temperature and/or relative humidity reveal that bioaerosol levels may vary according to season or time of day. Future research is needed to further characterize the relation between the bioaerosol levels and surface contamination in restrooms.

개에서 실험적으로 유발한 복수증의 초음파 진단

김종규,Kim Jong-gyu 한국임상수의학회 1995 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

In this study, ultrasonographic evaluations were made after experimentally induced ascites in dogs. Ultrasonographic evaluation allowed to identify the earliest fluid accumulation between the spleen and the left kidney after the administration of 0.9% normal saline at 8 ml/kg into the abdominal cavity in dogs. Ultrasonographic finding were observed in order between the spleen and the left kidney, the liver, the pelvic cavity. It is considered that the most adequate pare f3r the early detection of ascites is between the spleen and the left kidney, and the least amount of detection fluid is 8 ml/kg in dogs.

일부 공중화장실 위생설비의 오염지표세균 조사

김종규,김중순,Kim, Jong-Gyu,Kim, Joong-Soon 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of indicator organisms in essential sanitary ware in public restrooms. Methods: Twelve public restrooms were randomly selected. Samples at three locations (toilet seat, toilet flush handle/lever, and faucet handle) in the restrooms were collected with moistened-sterile cotton swabs and applied to media in order to determine aerobic colony count (ACC), total coliforms, and Escherichia coli. Results: Most of the samples taken in summer showed a higher level of ACC than those taken in winter (p<0.05). Female restrooms showed higher ACC levels on faucet handles and male restrooms on toilet flush handles/levers (p<0.05). Overall, faucet handles contained the greatest level of ACC, followed by toilet seats, whereas the least load was found on toilet flush handles/levers. The ACC level of samples in the restrooms in public parks, subway stations, and educational institutions varied. Total coliforms were identified in about 20% of toilet seats and faucet handles in male restrooms and faucet handles in female restrooms in summer. These locations were also the sites of positive results of E. coli isolation. Conclusions: The public restrooms were significantly more contaminated in summer than in winter. Overall, the most contaminated locations in the restrooms were toilet seats in male restrooms, and faucet handles in female restrooms. Poor hygienic status was indicated by the positive results of total coliforms and E. coli on samples from some sites. Therefore, sanitary control of restrooms should be improved. These results should be confirmed in a larger study that includes more public restrooms.

화학물질관리에 대한 이해 21 - 에틸렌글리콜 모노 틸에테르(EGME)의 흡입독성에 관하여

김종규,Kim, Jong-Gyu 대한산업보건협회 2013 산업보건 Vol.297 No.-

화학물질관리에 대한 이해 15 - 산업독성연구에서의 동물윤리와 대체시험

김종규,Kim, Jong-Gyu 대한산업보건협회 2012 산업보건 Vol.291 No.-

초등학생의 식품위생안전에 대한 지식, 태도 및 실천에 관한 연구

김종규,김중순,Kim, Jong-Gyu,Kim, Joong-Soon 한국환경보건학회 2013 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate food hygiene and safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among the elementary school children, and furthermore, to explain the interrelations among these three variables. A second purpose was to compare gender differences of KAP. Methods: A self-administered, structured questionnaire was designed and completed by 376 elementary school children. A five-point Likert scale with twenty questions was used to gather information. Data was analyzed by frequency analysis, Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance or Student's t-test. Results: Children generally had good knowledge of food hygiene and safety, and knowledge of children was superior to the attitudes and also to their practices (p < 0.05). The attitude score was mediated between knowledge and practice scores. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between boys and girls in an item of knowledge, three items of attitudes, and six items of practices. A significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.70, p < 0.001), and between attitudes and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.45, p < 0.001), as well as between attitudes and practices (${\gamma}$ = 0.51, p < 0.001), revealing that increased knowledge and even attitudes toward food hygiene safety could result in positive change in practices or behaviors. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that despite good knowledge and attitudes of children, their practices toward food hygiene and safety are not acceptable. Gender differences in practices were highlighted. In order to create effective educational interventions on the food hygiene and safety of children, a better understanding of their awareness and the required related information is necessary.

수세미외 섬유의 펄프화에 관한 연구 - 섬유의 구조와 펄프화별 특징 분석

김종규,노재성,이종신 ( Jong Gyu Kim,Jae Seong Rho,Jong Shin Lee ) 한국공업화학회 1997 공업화학 Vol.8 No.6

수세미외 그물 섬유를 크라프트법, 알카리 아황산법, 아황산법,알카리 과산화 수소법과 소오다법으로 펄프화하고, 안트라퀴논의 첨가와 미첨가 조건으로 구분하여 증해하였다. 이들의 고해와 미고해분에 대하여 주사 전자현미경(SEM), 섬유 품질 분석기(FQA), 섬유길이 분류기(Clark 4-Screen Classifier), 화상 분석기(Image Analyzer)를 이용하여 특성과 섬유의 구조를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 수세미외 섬유의 증해후 해섬 가능 기준의 Pulping 조건은 KP계(160℃, 2시간), ASP계(155℃, 4시간), PAP계(160℃, 1시간)에서 Kappa값이 각각 12, 25, 10 수준으로 비교적 낮은 Total Alkali(약 20%) 조건에서 적정 증해가 가능했다. 2) 각 펄프화별 펄프의 총 증해수율은 KP 50∼55, ASP계 60∼70, PAP계 45∼50%로 SP계의 수율은 매우 높고, KP나 PAP는 일반 비목재자나 목재와 비슷한 수준을 나타냈다. 3) NaOH의 투입량의 증가는 해섬능을 촉진하고, 섬유길이, Curl, Kink Index 등에서 품질의 형태 변화를 보였다. 4) 수세미외 섬유의 펄프화 공정에서 AQ첨가는 탈리그닌 촉진으로 해섬능이 현격하게 향상되고 섬유의 산화 분해를 방지하며, 고해 속도 상승과 피브릴화를 촉진하였다. 5) ASP계는 KP나 PAP보다 Bulk density가 높고, 섬유간 결합이 치밀하고, 섬유의 세포 손상이 감소되었다. 6) 수세미외 섬유는 “C” Stain에 의한 정색 반응으로 청색 또는 청회색의 맑고 투명한 새포벽을 갖는 정색 특성을 나타냈다. Studies were carried out on the preparation of several kinds of pulps from Sponge gourd fiber by KP, ASP, SP, PAP, AP and addition of AQ pulping process. These unbeaten and beaten pulping fibers were observed their characteristics and fiber structure by SEM, FQA, Image analyzer and Micro projector. The results were summarized as follows ; 1) The cooking condition which is the possible defibrilation of Shives are KP base(160℃, 2hr.), ASP base(155℃, 4hr.), PAP base(160℃, lhr.). From the results, the kappa no. had the range of 12, 25, 10 each other. 2) The pulp yields of sponge gourd fiber obtained the range of KP 50∼55%, ASP & 60∼70% and PAP 45∼50%. SP base have the highest and contents of KP & PAP base are much the same as woods. 3) Increasing amount of NaOH on Pulping was accelerated the defibrilation of Shives and was changed a morphology of pulping fiber quality such as fiber length, curl and kink index. 4) Addition of AQ on pulping process of sponge gourd fiber had a affect to raise the rate of delignification while protecting cellullosic components against degradation, especially defibrilation was very excellent, beated pulp much more easily and increased the fibrilation. 5) ASP system have higher bulk density, fiber bonding and protecting cellullosic components against degradation than KP or PAP. 6) The color reactions of the C stain solution showed blue or blue-gray with clean and transparency thin cell wall.

은이 침착된 활성탄의 표면과 세공특성에 관한 연구

김종규,오원춘,김명건 ( Jong Gyu Kim,Won Chun Oh,Myoung Kun Kim ) 한국공업화학회 1998 공업화학 Vol.9 No.5

반도체 발광 다이오드의 역사

김종규,Kim, Jong-Gyu,Schubert, E. Fred 한국광학회 2010 광학과 기술 Vol.14 No.3

발광 다이오드가 처음 만들어진 것은 100년 전으로 거슬러 올라간다. 이 글은 100년 전 발광 다이오드가 우연히 발견된 이후부터 현재 없어서는 안될 귀중한 고출력/고효율 대체 조명용 광원으로 인식되기까지의 역사를 돌아보고자 한다. 또한 앞으로 기대되는 발광 다이오드의 발전가능성과 응용성에 대해서도 다루고자 한다.

화학물질 관리에 대한 이해 4 - 산업보건에서 나노입자 독성에 대해 우려하는 이유

김종규,Kim, Jong-Gyu 대한산업보건협회 2011 산업보건 Vol.279 No.-