수필 : 인생과 끽차 (喫茶)

김조영 대한지방행정공제회 1956 地方行政 Vol.5 No.5

우리나라 재개발사업등에서의 세입자이주대책 법제 개선

김조영,김남술 한국토지보상법연구회 2011 土地補償法硏究 Vol.11 No.-

월산

김조영 문예운동사 1981 문예운동 Vol.- No.30

믿음의 스승

김조영 생명샘 1983 생명샘 Vol.- No.5

『孟子要義』에 나타난 茶山의 經學觀 연구

김조영 한국한문고전학회 2017 漢文古典硏究 Vol.35 No.1

본고는 조선후기 실학자로 알려진 茶山 丁若鏞의 『孟子要義』를 통해 茶山이 經學에 있어 어떠한 인식을 갖고 있었는지 살펴본 것으로, 「自撰墓誌銘」에 나타난 9가지 논점을 중심으로 분석하였다. 다산은 500여권의 방대한 저술을 남겼는데 1938년경 『與猶堂全書』라는 이름으로 편찬되었다. 『여유당전서』중에서 『맹자요의』는 다산이 『孟子』에 대해 여러 학자들의 주석을 소개하고 자신의 견해를 밝힌 것으로 『맹자』 전체에 대해 주석한 것이 아니고, 『맹자』 經文 260章중 153章을 선별하여 주석 하였다. 또한 다산이 자신의 방대한 저술활동을 마무리하는 시점에 지어진 「자찬묘지명」을 살펴보면, 본인이 저술한 각각의 경전에 대해 간략한 자신의 소개가 함께 서술되어있다. 이는 다산이 저술하는 경전에 대해 매우 중요하게 생각하는 부분을 서술한 것으로, 『맹자』에 대해서는 9가지 논점에 대해 언급하고 있다. 이에 본고는 다산이 「자찬묘지명」에서 언급한 9가지 논점을 중심으로 『맹자요의』를 살펴봄으로써 다산이 『맹자』라는 경서를 어떻게 인식하고 있으며, 다산의 經學觀이 어떠한 특징을 갖는지, 다산의 경학관이 오늘날 어떤 의미가 있는지에 대해 알아본 것이다. 다산이 「자찬묘지명」에서 언급한 9가지 논점은 첫째, 萬乘之國과 千乘之國의 分田制祿에 관한 부분. 둘째, ‘不嗜殺人’의 의미. 셋째, 夏나라와 殷나라의 井田制. 넷째, 浩然之氣와 道·義. 다섯째, 性嗜好說. 여섯째, 本然之性과 氣質之性. 일곱째, ‘萬物皆備於我’의 의미. 여덟째, 맹자가 性을 논하면서 理만 언급한 문제. 아홉째, 氣質의 淸濁과 善惡간의 관계 등이다. 이에 대해 『孟子要義』에 나타난 다산의 인식을 살펴보면, 첫째, ‘만승지국과 천승지국의 분전제록’에서는 합리적이고 구체적인 수학적 논리와 근거를 바탕으로 주자의 견해를 비판하였고, 둘째, ‘不嗜殺人’의 의미에서는 맹자가 양혜왕을 설득하는 논리적 어법을 통해 『맹자』에서 말하고자 하는 의미를 전체적으로 연관해서 살펴야 한다는 점을 말하였고, 셋째, ‘하나라와 은나라의 정전제’에서는 다른 경전의 내용을 비교하여 근거로 삼고, 경서의 내용을 무조건적으로 수용하는 것이 아니라 주체적으로 수용하는 인식을 보이고 있다. 넷째, ‘호연지기와 義·道’에서는 철학적 용어의 개념에 엄격하고 맹자가 말하고자하는 본질적 의미에 충실하려는 인식을 보이고 있으며, 다섯째, ‘性嗜好說’과 여섯째, ‘본연지성과 기질지성’에서는 기존 성리학적 개념과는 다른 본인의 독창적인 학설과 개념을 주장하였다. 그리고 일곱째, ‘萬物皆備於我’의 의미를 ‘一貫忠恕’로 보고 있으며, 여덟째, ‘맹자가 性을 논하면서 理만 언급한 문제’에서는 맹자가 말하려는 본의에 충실하고 경서의 의미를 확대 적용하여 인식하고 있고, 아홉째, ‘氣質의 청탁과 선악간의 관계’에서는 일반화의 오류를 지적하여 思考의 전환을 보이고 있다. 이는 일반적으로 실학자라고 알려진 것과 같이 다산이 『맹자』를 주석함에 있어, 현실에 바탕을 두고 합리적이고 실증적이며 실용적 성격을 보이고 있는 것이다. 이러한 독창적인 인식을 실학적 경학관이라 이름하고, 이러한 실학적 경학관은 학문의 다양성 측면에서 매우 의미 있는 경학관이라 하겠다. This paper tries to deepen our understanding the viewpoint of Dasan Jeong Yak-yong in Classical studies, who has been known as Sirhak Scholars(實學者) in the late Joseon dynasty, through the lens of ‘Mangja-youi’(Key points of Mencius, 『孟子要義』). The analysis of this paper is conducted based on nine issues which have been raised in ‘Jachanmyojimyoung’(Self-Written Epitaph, 「自撰墓誌銘」). Dasan left more than five hundred journals, which were collectively published in 1938, with the name of ‘Yeoyoudangjunseo’(The collective works of Dasan, 『與猶堂全書』). In particular, ‘Mangja-youi’(『孟子要義』) is one of the most important journals in 『與猶堂全書』 in the sense that it is possible to infer Dasan’s viewpoint on Mencius via his own interpretation. (introduces several scholars’ comments on 153 selected statements from Mencius and particularly reveals Dasan’s viewpoint by annotating his own interpretation.) Additionally, ‘Jachanmyojimyoung’ (「自撰墓誌銘」), which is one of Dansan’s latest writings written in the period of completing his voluminous work, suggests nine important frameworks that could be critical in understanding Mencius. Therefore, this paper aims to understand (a) the conception of Dasan in Classic studies, and (b) the distinctive feature and implications of his standpoint to the present day through the study of ‘Mangja-youi’(『孟子要義』) from the framework introduced in ‘Jachanmyojimyoung’(「自撰墓誌銘」). The nine important analytical frameworks suggested in ‘Jachanmyojimyoung’(「自撰墓誌銘」) are the following: (1) the positive verification about feudal tenures of both a kingdom of ten thousand chariots and a kingdom of one thousand chariots suggested by Zhu Xi (2) the meaning of ‘He who does not like killing men’ (3) difference between Xia and Shang dynasty in regard to the Well-field system (4) the relation between the haoran zhi qi(vast, overflowing qi), morality and justice (5) the establishment of new theory about human nature insisting that it is more like ‘preference’ not identical with Principle (6) How to define 'Original Nature(本然之性)' and 'Physical nature(氣質之性) (7) the meaning of ‘All things are already complete in us' (8) Address an issue of Mencius being dependent on principle(理) rather than qi(氣) while explaining human nature (9) the relation between the matter of clarity or murkiness of one’s qi and issues of good and evil etc. Dasan’s answers for these nine topics illustrated in ‘Mangja-youi’(『孟子要義』) reveal that his approach in comprehending Mencius is more practical and rational rather than ideological. The evidences for this conclusion are that (a) he uses mathematical measure in order to criticize the “feudal tenure system of a kingdom of ten thousand chariots and a kingdom of thousand chariots” insisted by Zhu Xi, (b) he argues to adopt a comprehensive analytical approach to thoroughly understand Mencius by explaining the implication of the statement ‘He who does not like killing men’, (c) he insists the importance of keeping the objective and critical stance in understanding Mencius (and from the comparison with other Classics in order to verify the well-field system of Xia and Shang dynasty so that being objective rather than passive in regard to understanding Mecius), (d) he tries to be as precise as possible in defining the philosophical terminology such as 義(justice)·and 道(morality) in order to correctly understand the true intention of Mencius, (e) he suggests a new theory of human nature different from that of Zhu Xi and his followers, (f) he sheds light on the key idea of Confusion (Doctrine that of all-pervading unity) to correctly interpret the statement ‘All things are already complete in us' in Mencius, (g) he justifies Mencius being dependent on Principle while explaining human nature by int...

기지촌에 관한 지리학적 연구 : 경기도 파주지방을 중심으로

김조영 서울대학교 지리교육과 1978 지리학과 지리교육 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study is; (1) to research how an agricultural settlement has changed according to the passing of time; (2) to analyze settlements near the U. S. military installations in Paju; and (3) to keep records on the landscape of the settlement which is disappearing now. Field works were done on all areas of the Paju Gun except the northern areas of the Imjin, river, from november, 1977 until april, 1978. Only the map of the area, reference records, detailed field work, and several interviews with the inhabitants concerned made this research possible. This region, which used to be traditionaly agricultural settlement before the Korean War, can be classified into three types: agricultural, urban, and settlements near the U.S. military installations according to the structure of population, the constitution of inhabitants and the structure of space. Especially after the Korean War, a big population rushed into the areas around the U. S. military bases, making 34 prosperous settlements of chiefly those servicing the G.I.'s. These settlements near the U. S. military installations became so dense in population and houses, and heterogeneous in the constitution of inhabitants that they formed peculiar settlements similar to the slums in big cities. Their functions have become those of service, as these settlements had close relations with the U. S. military bases, because of a great influx of commercial population having mainly to do with restaurants and bars for U. S. servicemen. Since the U.S. policy to witndraw their ground forces stationed in Korea was announced, these 34 settlements which once were booming camp town have been losing their original functions. As a result, they have changed into three types; the decreasing, the stagnant and the rejuvenation type. (1) The Decreasing Type : This type of settlement such as Neulo Ri, or Ungdam Ri shows its steady decrease in its number of the families and population, and is going back to its former faculty as an agricultural settlement. (2) The Stagnant Type : This type of settlement such as Daenueng 2 Ri, or Paju 5 Ri shows its stagnancy in its number of families and population because it still plays its role as the center of administration and transportation. (3) The Rejuvenation Type: This type of settlement such as Yeunpung 1 Ri, or Suenyu 4 Ri is gaining its original characteristics, situated near the camp bases because the size of the camp is comparatively large and some of the former imhabitants are coming back there again.

스마트폰 관광정보 특성이 지각된 가치와 사용의도에 미치는 영향

김조영,이충기 한국호텔관광학회 2013 호텔관광연구 Vol.15 No.1

Recently, information communication technology has changed lifestyle and behavior of tourist enormously. Currently, every smartphone user can get access to the right information they need almost anytime, anywhere. Previous studies such as the Technology Acceptance Model have limitations because they do not take into consideration the dual role of the smartphone user – an adopter of new technology as well as a consumer of advanced tourism information, and related factors accompanied by the ever-changing new technologies. The purpose of this paper is to understand how a potential tourist perceives the value of smartphone tourism information and how this value influences his or her intention to use. We examined the structural relationships among characteristics of smartphone tourism information, perceived value, and consumers' intention to use by using structural equation modeling. The results of SEM analysis indicated that there were significant effect of characteristics of smartphone tourism information on perceived value and intention to use. The theoretical and practical implications of the suggested model are presented in conclusion.

시 : 모란

김조영 대한지방행정공제회 1956 地方行政 Vol.5 No.6

『中庸自箴』과 『中庸講義補』를 통해서 본 茶山의 文字訓詁學 연구

김조영 한국한문고전학회 2022 漢文古典硏究 Vol.44 No.1

This study aims to examine the textual exegetical characteristics of Dasan by examining his exegesis of “Chungyong Chajam” and “Chungyong Kanguibo.” Since the Han dynasty, textual exegesis has developed as an academic field of study based on various studies and research, reaching its peak of scholarship in the Qing dynasty. However, in Korea, unlike China, the study of literary text did not play a central role in academia and its academic status was not significant. As a result, there were not many scholars who specialized in textual exegesis, which led to only a few research outcomes. This researcher focused on Jeong Yak-Yong while studying textual exegesis because although Neo-Confucian philosophical ideology was prevalent at the time, Jeong Yak-Yong used his own unique point of view and textual exegesis approach to interpret the scriptures. In general, there are four main types of textual exegetical research methods: reasoning by form (以形求義), by voice (因聲求義), comparison and mutual confirmation (比較互證), experience and statistics. In this book, based on the same research method, this study conducted a textual exegesis of “Chungyong Chajam” and “Chungyong Kanguibo” and analyzed the text based on four major categories, depending on whether it is centered on the fundamentals of a character, pronunciation, publication, and subjective view. First, in the exegesis centering on the fundamentals of a character, Dasan interprets the text based on its original meaning. Furthermore, one can observe that the author admits the scholar’s point of view that is widely prevalent in “Chungyong Jibju” while also asserting his own point of view. Second, in the exegesis centering on pronunciation, unlike the interpretations made by the existing scholars, Dasan uses the relationship between Chinese characters and Confucianism differently, fundamentally stating his view on the meaning of the borrowed character (by using the existing pronunciation of the character) or the meaning of the derivation from the original meaning of a character. Third, in the exegesis centering on publication, one can observe that Dasan specifically mentions publications to emphasize the characteristics of ancient annotations while rationally considering the various examples of scriptures. Fourth, in the exegesis centering on subjective view, rather than following the pre-existing meanings of characters, the content of the scripture is expressed more clearly and annotated with the focus on achieving concrete and more realistic meanings. Such viewpoints reveal the characteristics of Dasan’s textual exegesis, which aims to deliver the original meaning of “Chungyong” in a realistic and distinctive way. Dasan’s opinion is not biased by the opinions of other scholars, but instead, he presents an in-depth analysis of the original meaning, shape, and pronunciation of characters to form their rational meaning. 本稿는 다산의 『中庸自箴』과 『中庸講義補』에 보이는 문자훈고를 중심으로 다산의 문자훈고학적 특징을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 문자훈고학은 漢나라 이래로 다양한 연구와 내용을 바탕으로 학문 분야의 하나로 발전해 왔으며 청나라에 이르러 고증학과 함께 학문의 절정을 이루었다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우 중국과는 달리 문자훈고학은 학문의 중심적 역할을 수행하지 못하였고 학문적 위상 또한 크지 못하였다. 따라서 문자훈고학을 전문적으로 연구하는 학자도 많지 않았으며, 또한 연구 성과물 역시 매우 소략한 편이다. 본 연구자가 문자훈고학을 연구함에 있어 정약용을 중심으로 삼은 것은, 당시는 성리학적 철학사상이 학문의 중심이었으나 정약용은 경전해석에 자신의 독특한 견해와 함께 문자훈고학적 접근을 사용하였기 때문이다. 일반적으로 문자훈고학적 연구방법은 크게 4가지를 제시한다. 以形求義, 因聲求義, 比較互證, 經驗과 統計 등이다. 本稿에서도 이와 같은 연구방법을 토대로 『中庸自箴』과 『中庸講義補』에 보이는 문자훈고를 추출한 후 크게 4가지로 구분하여 ‘字源을 중심으로 한 훈고’, ‘讀音을 중심으로 한 훈고’, ‘典籍을 중심으로 한 훈고’, ‘주관적 견해의 훈고’로 나누어 분석해 보았다. 첫째, 字源을 통한 훈고에서는 다산이 글자의 本義를 따른 訓詁를 하고 있다는 것이다. 또한 『중용집주』에 널리 알려진 朱子의 견해를 인정하면서 자신의 견해를 추가하여 제시함으로 經文의 의미를 명확하게 이해할 수 있도록 주석한 특징을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 讀音을 통한 훈고에서는 다산이 기존 학자들의 주석과 다르게 한자의 近音관계를 활용하여 假借義나 引伸義를 중심으로 자신의 견해를 밝히고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 셋째. 典籍을 통한 훈고에서는 다산이 문자를 훈고함에 특별히 典籍을 언급하여 古註를 중요하게 여기면서도 다른 경전의 여러 例를 합리적으로 고려하는 특징을 엿볼 수 있다. 넷째, 주관적 견해를 따른 훈고에서는 기존에 주로 쓰이는 한자의 의미를 따르기보다 경서의 내용을 더욱 명확하게 나타내어, 구체적이고 명확한 뜻을 중심으로 주석하고 있는 특징을 찾아볼 수 있다. 이러한 견해들은 다산이 문자를 훈고함에 기존 학자들의 주석이나 견해에 치우치지 않고 한자의 字源과 字形, 讀音과 합리적 의미를 심층적으로 고려하여 자신의 견해를 밝힘으로 『중용』의 본질적 의미를 이해하기 쉬우며 명확하게 전달하려는 다산의 문자훈고학적 특징을 살펴볼 수 있었다.

두개강내 지주막낭종의 수술적치료

김조영,최중언,김영수,정상섭,이규창 대한신경외과학회 1981 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.10 No.2

The authors operated 17 cases out of 28 intracranial arachnoid cysts experienced from July, 1972 to August, 1981. The clinical analysis and surgical experiences were summarized as follows. 1) The supratentorial cysts were 67.9% and the infratentorial cysts were 32.1% of the intracranial arachnoid cysts. The predilection sites were middle cranial fossa of the supratentorial (60.7%) and the inferior midline of the infratentorial (17.9%). 2) The middle fossa arachnoid cysts were prominant in males under the age of 20. 3) The common complicating lesions in the supratentorial arachnoid cysts were chronic subdural hematoma (23.5%) and subdural hygroma (5.9%). Hydrocephalus was usually combined with the infratentorial arachnoid cyst (66.7%). 4) The most frequent symptom was headache (75%) with similar frequency in both supratentorial and infratentorial lesions. In the supratentorial cysts, headache was also complained with highest frequency even in cases without increased intracranial pressure (61.5%). The main clinical features of arachnoid cysts were headache, signs of increased intracranial pressure, other neurologic deficits and seizure in order of frequency. 5) Cranial deformities on the plain X-ray films were observed in 70.6% of middle fossa cysts. The brain CT scan provided a definite diagnostic information, while the cerebral angiography offered clues for differential diagnosis. 6) The authors selected the direct intracranial approach as a curative measure in most cases and the essential step in this procedure was thought to establish a communication between the cyst and the basal cistern or adjacent subarachnoid space. But in a few special cases such as deep-seated cysts or extensively large ones, a cystoperitoneal shunt was a more preferable procedure. The infratentorial cysts with hydrocephalus almost always required ventriculoperitoneal shunt in our cases. Re considered it is very important to perform periodic follow-up brain CT scan to detect a recurrence of cyst or recollection of C.S.F., postoperative complications and persistent hydrocephalus.