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정 진폭 부호화된 Multi-code Biorthogonal Code Keying시스템에서 대역폭 효율 개선을 위해 $Q^{2}PSK$를 이용하는 방안
김성필,김명진,Kim Sung-Pil,Kim Myoung-Jin 한국통신학회 2006 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.31 No.5a
다중부호 배직교 부호 변조(Multi-code biorthogonal code keying: MBCK)는 배직교(biorthogonal) 부호화기의 출력 코드워드를 합산하여 전송함으로 전송 신호의 크기가 일정하지 않기 때문에 고선형 증폭기의 사용을 요구한다. MBCK의 전송 신호의 크기를 일정하게 유지하도록 만드는 부호화 방안이 제안되어 있는데, 정 진폭 부호화에 사용된 잉여 비트들은 수신기에서 비트오율 성능 개선을 위해 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 정 진폭 부호화된 MBCK(MBCK with Constant Amplitude Coding:CA-MBCK)의 대역폭 효율을 개선시키기 위해 CA-MBCK와 쌍직교위상변조(Quadrature-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying:$Q^{2}PSK$)를 결합하는 방안을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 출력 신호의 크기를 일정하게 유지하며 백색 가우시안 잡음 환경에서 CA-MBCK와 동일한 비트오율 성능을 보이면서도 대역폭 효율은 개선되었다. 또한 CA-MBCK에서 정 진폭 부호화에 사용된 잉여 비트를 이용한 에러정정 알고리즘을 제안된 시스템에 적용하여 비트오율 성능이 개선됨을 모의실험을 통해 제시한다. A multi-code biorthogonal code keying(MBCK) system consists of multiple waveform coding block, and the sum of output codewords is transmitted. Drawback of MBCK is that it requires amplifier with high linearity because its output symbol is multi-level. MBCK with constant amplitude preceding blcok(CA-MBCK) has been proposed, which guarantees sum of orthogonal codes to have constant amplitude. Redundant bits of CA-MBCK for constant amplitude coding are not only used to make constant amplitude signal but also used to improve the bit error rate(BER) performance at receiver. In this paper, we proposed a transmission scheme which combine CA-MBCK with $Q^{2}PSK$ to improve bandwidth efficiency of CA-MBCK. The BER performance of the scheme is same that of CA-MBCK in additive white gaussian noise(AWGN). And we showed that BER performance of the proposed system can be improved using redundant bits of constant amplitude preceding.
김성필,주영희,Kim, Sung-Pil,Joo, Yeong-Hee 한국토양비료학회 1990 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.23 No.2
지렁이에 의(依)한 우분(牛糞)의 속성퇴비화방법 규명을 위하여 우분(牛糞)단일구, 우분(牛糞)+지렁이, 우분(牛糞)(50)+메탄발효(醱酵)스럿지(50)+지렁이로 처리(處理)하여 pH, C/N비(比), 환원당률(還元糖率), 미생물상(微生物相), Bacillus sp.의 수(數), 항균력(抗菌力) 검정(檢定)을 7일 간격으로 4회 실시(實施)한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지렁이 사양(飼養)으로 우분(牛糞)의 pH를 상승(上昇)시키나 메탄발효(醱酵) 스럿지를 첨가했을때는 저하시켰다. 2. C/N비(比) 및 환원당률(還元糖率)이 우분(牛糞)단일구(區)에서는 9.67%, 12.01%, 지렁이 사양구(飼養區)는 40.89~41.90% 및 37.05~37.50%로 감소되었다. 3. 세균수(細菌數)는 우분(牛糞)단일구(區)는 14일(日)까지 증가(增加)하다 그 후 감소(減少)하나 지렁이사양구(飼養區)는 28일(日)까지 계속 증가되는 경향이 있다. 4. Bacillus sp. 수(數)는 일반토양(一般土壤)에 비(比)해 지렁이분(糞)에서 월등히 많았다. 5. 항생물질(抗生物質)인 Chloram phenicol의 Fusarium oxysporum에 대한 Inhibition zones diameter가 36.3mm인데 비(比)하여 지렁이분(糞)에서 분리한 Bacillus sp. 7의 Inhibition zones diameter는 22mm였다. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibllity of composting from cow manure using earthworms. In order to rear earthworms safely and control moisture soil was used as conditioner. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium sp.1 were isolated from soil and two isolates of Bacillus sp. were selected as antagonists from earthworm casts. By rearing earthworm, C/N ratio was reduced by 40.9% and 41.9% after 28 days, reducing sugar was also decreased by 37.1% and 37.5%. On the other hand, reduction of C/N ratio in cow manure alone was 9.67% and reducing sugar was 12.01%, respectively. Bacillus sp. was apparently increased in earthworm casts than in ordinary soil. It seemed that the earthworm casts contained antibiotic subatance.
김성필,봉태호,배승종,박재성,Kim, Seong-Pil,Bong, Tae-Ho,Bae, Seung-Jong,Park, Jae-Sung 한국농공학회 2015 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.57 No.4
The objective of this study is to develop an early warning system for rainfall induced landslides. For this study, we suggested an analysis process using rainfall forecast data. 1) For a selected slope, safety factor with saturated depth was analyzed and safety factor threshold was established (warning FS threshold=1.3, alarm FS threshold=1.1). 2) If rainfall started, saturated depth and safety factor was calculated with rainfall forecast data, 3) And every hour after safety factor is compared with threshold, then warning or alarm can issued. In the future, we plan to make a early warning system combined with the in-situ inclinometer sensors.
김성필,Kim, Sung-Pil 한국토양비료학회 1990 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.23 No.3
빨간지렁이와 그분(糞)의 특성(特性)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 제지박(製紙粕), 제지박(製紙粕)(50)+스럿지(50), 우분(牛糞)(50)+스럿지(50)으로 처리(處理)하여 6개월간 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 지렁이의 생육적온(生育適溫)은 $16{\sim}25^{\circ}C$였으며,월평균증체량(月平均增體量)은 $m^2$당(當) 1kg 정도였다. 2. 제지박(製紙粕) 단일처리에 비(比)하여 제지박(製紙粕)(50)+스럿지(50) 처리(處理), 우분(牛糞)(50)+스럿지(50)처리(處理)에서 각각 9~11% 증가(增加)되었다. 3. 지렁이에는 필수(必須) 아미노산인 lysine의 함량(含量)이 건물중당 3% 정도로 많아 사료첨가제(飼料添加製)로의 이용가치(利用價値)가 매우 높을 것으로 추정되었다. 4. 지렁이분(糞) 생산량(生産量)은 건물중(乾物重)으로 연간(年間) 10a당 90~95톤이었다. 5. 지렁이엽(糞)은 CEC(19.4~49.9me/100g)및 각종 무기물(無機物) 함량(含量)이 높아 비료자원(肥料資源)으로의 활용가치(活用價値)가 높을 것으로 보인다. This study was conducted to characterize red worm(Lumbricus rubellus) and its cast reared six months using with pulp sludge, mixture of pulp sludge and methane sludge, and cow manure and methane sludge. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The optimum growth temperature ranged from $16^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ and monthly weight increase was about one kilogram per square meter. 2. The weight of red worm increased 9 to 11 percent reared with mixture of cow manure and methane sludge compared to pulp sludge. 3. Red worm contained large amount of amino acid, including. Lycine, which, might be a good source for a feed additive. 4. Yields of red worm cast ranged from 90 to 95 ton/10a/year on dry weight base. 5. CEC of red worm cast varied from 19.4 to 49.9 meg/100g and O.M content ranged from 26.4 to 35.1 percent. It contained lots of nutrients resulting in a good fertilizer source.
김성필,박재성,배승종,허준,Kim, Seong-Pil,Park, Jae-Sung,Bae, Seung-Jong,Heo, Joon 한국농공학회 2014 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.56 No.4
The objective of this study is to suggest rainfall threshold for landslide forecasting and warning. For this study, we chose the research area where landslide have occurred. And we performed infiltration-stability analysis with rainfall intensity-duration. As the results of this study, slope stability variation chart with rainfall intensity-duration are established. This kind of chart is believed to be able to be used for forecasting and warning the landslide caused by rainfall.
김성필 ( Sung Pil Kim ),윤수연 ( Su Yeon Yun ),김연권 ( Youn Kwon Kim ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.5
The supply of sewage treatment facility in rural areas is important to protect the quality of water sources such as rivers and lakes. A small scale wastewater treatment system had a wide range of inflow concentration. Therefore, it is important to accurately identify the characteristics of the influent and respond properly to operate the system stably. Hence, research has been conducted on methods to detect and respond in advance to the influent sewage. The method includes studying of microbial respiration rate. In this study, we analyzed the respiration rate of activated sludge in the condition that the microorganism became autocatalytically oxidized under an empty load condition, and the sewage containing the toxic substance(NaOCl) was the biggest problem of the distributed small-scale sewage treatment plant(D-SSTP). Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR), Specific Oxygen Utilization Rate (SOUR<sub>Endo.</sub>), and Specific Substrate Utilization Rate (SSUR) were measured and analyzed. As a result, The concentration of DO did not affect the autocatalytic oxidation of microorganism. Moreover, as concentration of NaOCl increased, concentration of SOUR<sub>Endo</sub> tends to decrease as expected. Also, the increase in concentration of NaOCl resulted in the decrease in that of the SSUR. It is determined that NaOCl injection affects the microbial activity.