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K-Means Clustering 알고리즘과 헤도닉 모형을 활용한 서울시 연립 · 다세대 군집분류 방법에 관한 연구
권순재(Soonjae Kwon),김성현(Seonghyeon Kim),탁온식(Onsik Tak),정현희(Hyeonhee Jeong) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2017 지능정보연구 Vol.23 No.3
Recent centrally the downtown area, the transaction between the row housing and multiplex housing is activated and platform services such as Zigbang and Dabang are growing. The row housing and multiplex housing is a blind spot for real estate information. Because there is a social problem, due to the change in market size and information asymmetry due to changes in demand. Also, the 5 or 25 districts used by the Seoul Metropolitan Government or the Korean Appraisal Board(hereafter, KAB) were established within the administrative boundaries and used in existing real estate studies. This is not a district classification for real estate researches because it is zoned urban planning. Based on the existing study, this study found that the city needs to reset the Seoul Metropolitan Governments spatial structure in estimating future housing prices. So, This study attempted to classify the area without spatial heterogeneity by the reflected the property price characteristics of row housing and Multiplex housing. In other words, There has been a problem that an inefficient side has arisen due to the simple division by the existing administrative district. Therefore, this study aims to cluster Seoul as a new area for more efficient real estate analysis. This study was applied to the hedonic model based on the real transactions price data of row housing and multiplex housing. And the K-Means Clustering algorithm was used to cluster the spatial structure of Seoul. In this study, data onto real transactions price of the Seoul Row housing and Multiplex Housing from January 2014 to December 2016, and the official land value of 2016 was used and it provided by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport(hereafter, MOLIT). Data preprocessing was followed by the following processing procedures: Removal of underground transaction, Price standardization per area, Removal of Real transaction case(above 5 and below -5). In this study, we analyzed data from 132,707 cases to 126,759 data through data preprocessing. The data analysis tool used the R program. After data preprocessing, data model was constructed. Priority, the K-means Clustering was performed. In addition, a regression analysis was conducted using Hedonic model and it was conducted a cosine similarity analysis. Based on the constructed data model, we clustered on the basis of the longitude and latitude of Seoul and conducted comparative analysis of existing area. The results of this study indicated that the goodness of fit of the model was above 75 % and the variables used for the Hedonic model were significant. In other words, 5 or 25 districts that is the area of the existing administrative area are divided into 16 districts. So, this study derived a clustering method of row housing and multiplex housing in Seoul using K-Means Clustering algorithm and hedonic model by the reflected the property price characteristics. Moreover, they presented academic and practical implications and presented the limitations of this study and the direction of future research. Academic implication has clustered by reflecting the property price characteristics in order to improve the problems of the areas used in the Seoul Metropolitan Government, KAB, and Existing Real Estate Research. Another academic implications are that apartments were the main study of existing real estate research, and has proposed a method of classifying area in Seoul using public information(i.e., real-data of MOLIT) of government 3.0. Practical implication is that it can be used as a basic data for real estate related research on row housing and multiplex housing. Another practical implications are that is expected the activation of row housing and multiplex housing research and, that is expected to increase the accuracy of the model of the actual transaction. The future research direction of this study involves conducting various analyses to overcome the limitations of the threshold and indicates the need for deeper researc
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프롬프트 기반 저작권 부여에 관한 소고 ― 인공지능 생성물을 위한 ‘골디락스 존’을 기대하며 ―
권순재 ( Kwon Soonjae ) 서울시립대학교 법학연구소 2024 서울법학 Vol.32 No.1
생성형 인공지능을 통한 창작과정에 있어서 프롬프트는 인공지능 생성물에 독창성을 부여하는 핵심 요소이며, 인간의 창작적 기여가 가장 쉽게 나타나는 부분 또한 프롬프트이다. 그러므로 프롬프트를 통해 인공지능 생성물에 대한 인간의 창작적 기여를 인정할 수 있다면, ‘프롬프트 기반 저작권(prompt-based copyright)’ 부여가 가능할 것이다. 한편, 인공지능 생성물의 저작물성 여부에 있어서는 ‘인공지능의 도구적 특질’을 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 즉, 인공지능에 어느 정도의 자율성을 보장하여야 그 기능을 충분히 활용할 수 있으므로, 프롬프트와 생성물 사이에는 적당한 ‘지시의 공백’이 허용되는 것이 자연스럽다. 결국, ‘생성물의 표현에 대한 창작적 기여가 단절될 정도의 추상적 지시’와 ‘인공지능의 자율성이 몰각되어 그 도구적 특질을 활용할 수 없을 정도의 구체적 지시’ 사이의 ‘골디락스 존(Goldilocks Zone)’을 설정하는 것이 중요하다. 그리고, 만일 위와 같은 ‘골디락스 존’을 발견하고 인정하는 것이 현행 저작권법의 해석상 심히 곤란한 경우에는 입법적 수단을 강구할 필요가 있다. 인공지능이 창작의 도구로 보편화되는 사회에서는 인공지능 생성물 여부와 함께, 사용된 프롬프트가 널리 공개되고 이를 많은 이가 참고하여 다양한 인공지능 생성물이 등장하는 것이 바람직할 것이기 때문이다. 그러나 현재로서는 프롬프트 작성자에게 그가 작성한 프롬프트를 스스로 공개할 유인이 부족하다. 그러므로 인공지능이 개재(介在)된 생성물의 저작권 또는 입법을 전제로 한 어떠한 권리부여에 관한 판단을 돕기 위하여, ‘프롬프트-생성물 세트’로서 프롬프트 및 그로부터의 생성물을 하나의 디지털 저작물로 취급할 것을 제안한다. In the creative process through generative artificial intelligence(AI), prompts are a key element that gives originality to AI generated works, and prompts are also where human creative contributions most easily appear. Therefore, if human creative contributions to AI generated works can be recognized through prompts, granting ‘prompt-based copyright’ would be possible. Meanwhile, when determining copyrightability of an AI generated work, it is necessary to consider the ‘instrumental characteristics of AI.’ In other words, a certain degree of autonomy must be guaranteed to AI in order to fully utilize its ability, therefore it is natural to allow an appropriate ‘instruction gap’ between the prompt and the work. In the end, it is important to set a ‘Goldilocks Zone’ between ‘abstract instructions to the degree that creative contribution to the expression of the work is severed’ and ‘specific instructions to the degree that the autonomy of AI is lost and its instrumental characteristics cannot be utilized.’ Additionally, if discovering and acknowledging the above ‘Goldilocks Zone’ is extremely difficult due to the interpretation of the current copyright law, it is necessary to seek legislative measures. In a society where generative AI is becoming more common as a creative tool, it would be desirable for the prompt, along with whether or not it is an AI generated work, to be widely disclosed and for many people to refer to it and for various AI generated works to emerge. However, there is currently a lack of incentive for prompt writers to make their prompts public. Therefore, in order to help determine the granting of the copyright or any rights based on legislation to an AI involved work, as a ‘prompt-works set’, it is proposed to treat the prompt and its work as a single digital work.
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뉴스진위 및 인지욕구에 따른 정보수용자의 수용(이해)과 확산영향에 대한 탐색적 연구
조아라,권순재,Cho, Ara,Kwon, Soonjae 한국지식경영학회 2019 지식경영연구 Vol.20 No.2
The purpose of this study was to explore the factors influencing acceptance (e.g., comprehension,) and diffusion of information recipients' by depending on the authenticity of news. Specifically, this study has examined the effects of the news contents(political vs. general), need for cognition(high vs. low) and authenticity of the News(real news vs. fake news) on both acceptance and diffusion of news. Based on previous work, this study has developed a conceptual model to present each research hypothesis and tested it by conducting experiments as the follows. As a result, according to the authenticity of the news and the contents of the news (political and general), the acceptance of political contents was high regardless of the authenticity of the news, and the acceptance of real news was higher than that of fake news. However, in the proliferation (comment), both the political contents and the general contents showed the characteristic of spreading (commenting) fake news rather than real news. contrary to this, the cognitive level did not show any significant difference in acceptance (understanding) and proliferation (comment, sharing, recommendation). This study provides academic implications in that it examines the influences of accepting (comprehension) and diffusion (comment, sharing, recommendation) of real news and fake news. It also provides practical implications for responding to fake news and new marketing strategies in an environment where contents are delivered through diverse social media.
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안창민 ( Changmin Ahn ),권순재 ( Soonjae Kwon ),정현희 ( Hyeonhee Jeong ) 한국지식경영학회 2018 지식경영연구 Vol.19 No.1
While there are lots of studies on examining the effects of social rapport in many research areas, however, there is a little work in examining the effect of the social rapport in social network service (SNS) contexts. Thus, this study attempts to examine the effect of social rapport in SNS settings. To address the research questions, this study has presented its hypotheses and conducted three experimental approaches by collecting 180 data from student subjects who have prior experiences on using SNSs to verify the hypotheses. This study has examined three experiments the effects of characteristics of Facebook(i.e. the number of mutual friends, the number of post likes, and the post personalities) on the social rapport and user responses. This study has conducted two-way ANOVA to verity its proposed research hypotheses. Based on three experiments, this study found that both the effects of the number of post likes and the number of post likes on the social rapport were not significant. Based upon empirical findings, this study has demonstrated how the effects of social rapports in SNSs were different from those of previous studies, and brought more attentions to the relevant literature.
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